Australian Capital Territory
Legislation Act 2001     No 14
Republication No 17
Effective:  1 July 2003 – 2 September 2003
Republication date: 1 July 2003 
Last amendment made by A2003-18
(republication for amendments by A2002-56)

Not all amendments are in force: see last endnote

Unauthorised version prepared by the ACT Parliamentary Counsel’s Office

About this republication
The republished law
This is a republication of the Legislation Act 2001 (including any amendment made under the Legislation Act 2001, part 11.3 (Editorial changes)) as in force on 1 July 2003.  It also includes any amendment, repeal or expiry affecting the republished law to 1 July 2003.  
The legislation history and amendment history of the republished law are set out in endnotes 3 and 4. 
Kinds of republications
The Parliamentary Counsel’s Office prepares 2 kinds of republications of ACT laws (see the ACT legislation register at www.legislation.act.gov.au):
•	authorised republications to which the Legislation Act 2001 applies
•	unauthorised republications.
The status of this republication appears on the bottom of each page.
Editorial changes
The Legislation Act 2001, part 11.3 authorises the Parliamentary Counsel to make editorial amendments and other changes of a formal nature when preparing a law for republication.  Editorial changes do not change the effect of the law, but have effect as if they had been made by an Act commencing on the republication date (see Legislation Act 2001, s 115 and s 117).  The changes are made if the Parliamentary Counsel considers they are desirable to bring the law into line, or more closely into line, with current legislative drafting practice.  
When preparing the authorised version of this republication amendments were made under part 11.3 (see endnote 1).
Uncommenced provisions and amendments
If a provision of the republished law has not commenced or is affected by an uncommenced amendment, the symbol  U  appears immediately before the provision heading.  The text of the uncommenced provision or amendment appears only in the last endnote.
Modifications
If a provision of the republished law is affected by a current modification, the symbol  M  appears immediately before the provision heading.  The text of the modifying provision appears in the endnotes.  For the legal status of modifications, see Legislation Act 2001, section 95.
Penalties
The value of a penalty unit for an offence against this republished law at the republication date is—
	(a)	if the person charged is an individual—$100; or
	(b)	if the person charged is a corporation—$500.

Australian Capital Territory
Legislation Act 2001

Contents
	Page
Chapter 1	Preliminary
Part 1.1	General
	1	Name of Act	2
	2	Dictionary	2
	2A	Notes	2
	3	Objects	3
	4	Application of Act	4
	5	Determinative and non-determinative provisions	5
	6	Legislation Act provisions must be applied	5
Part 1.2	Basic concepts
	7	Meaning of Act generally (IA dict, def of Act, par (a))	9
	8	Meaning of subordinate law (IA dict, def of subordinate law and SLA s 6 (19), def of subordinate law, par (a))	9
	9	Meaning of disallowable instrument (SLA s 10 (1) and 6 (19), def of subordinate law)	10
	10	Meaning of notifiable instrument	10
	11	Meaning of commencement notice	10
	12	Meaning of registrable instrument	11
	13	Meaning of statutory instrument (IA dict, def of statutory instrument)	11
	14	Meaning of instrument (IA dict, def of instrument)	11
	15	Meaning of authorised republication	12
	16	Meaning of provision (IA dict, def of provision)	12
Part 1.3	Sources of law in the ACT
	17	References to Acts include references to former Cwlth enactments etc (IA s 7A, dict, def of Act, par (b) and def of enactment)	14
Chapter 2	ACT legislation register and web site
	18	ACT legislation register	15
	19	Contents of register	15
	20	Prompt registration	19
	21	Approved web site	19
	22	Access to registered material at approved web site	19
Chapter 3	Authorised versions and evidence of Acts and statutory instruments
	23	Authorisation of versions by parliamentary counsel (LRA s 8)	20
	24	Authorised electronic versions (LRA s 20, s 22, s 23)	20
	25	Authorised printed versions (LRA ss 6-9, ss 20-23)	21
	26	Judicial notice of certain matters (EA ss 8–10A, s 10C)	22
Chapter 4	Numbering and notification of Acts
	27	Numbering of Acts (IA s 9)	24
	28	Notification of Acts (IA s 8)	24
	29	References to enactment or passing of Acts (IA s 10F)	26
	30	References to notification of Acts	26
Chapter 5	Regulatory impact statements for subordinate laws and disallowable instruments
Part 5.1	Preliminary
	31	Definitions for ch 5 (SLA s 9A)	27
	32	Other publication or consultation requirements not affected (SLA s 9B)	28
	33	Guidelines about costs of proposed subordinate laws and disallowable instruments (SLA s 9C)	28
Part 5.2	Requirements for regulatory impact statements
	34	Preparation of regulatory impact statements (SLA s 9D)	29
	35	Content of regulatory impact statements (SLA s 9E)	30
	36	When is preparation of regulatory impact statement unnecessary? (SLA s 9F)	31
	37	When must regulatory impact statement be presented? (SLA s 9G)	32
Part 5.3	Failure to comply with requirements for regulatory impact statements
	38	Effect of failure to comply with pt 5.2 (SLA s 9H)	33
Chapter 6	Making, notification and numbering of statutory instruments
Part 6.1	General
	39	Meaning of matter in ch 6 (IA s 27B)	34
	40	Presumption of validity (EA s 10C (2) (e))	34
	41	Making of certain statutory instruments by Executive (SLA s 3)	34
Part 6.2	Making of statutory instruments generally
	42	Power to make statutory instruments (IA s 26 (1), s 27C)	36
	43	Statutory instruments to be interpreted not to exceed powers under authorising law (SLA s 9 (3))	36
	44	Power to make statutory instruments for an Act etc (SLA s 2A)	38
	45	Power to make court rules (IA s 27I)	39
	46	Power to make instrument includes power to amend or repeal (IA s 27D)	40
	47	Statutory instrument may make provision by applying law or instrument (SLA s 8)	40
	48	Power to make instrument includes power to make different provision for different categories etc (IA s 27E)	44
	49	Single instrument may exercise several powers or satisfy several requirements (IA s 27F)	45
	50	Relationship between authorising law and instrument dealing with same matter (IA s 27G)	46
	51	Instrument may make provision in relation to land by reference to map etc (IA s 27GA)	46
	52	Instrument may authorise determination of matter etc
(IA s 27GB)	46
	53	Instrument may prohibit (IA s 27GC)	47
	54	Instrument may require making of statutory declaration (IA s 27H)	48
Part 6.3	Making of certain statutory instruments about fees
	55	Definitions for pt 6.3	49
	56	Determination of fees by disallowable instrument	49
	57	Fees payable in accordance with determination etc	51
	58	Regulations may make provision about fees	52
Part 6.4	Numbering and notification of registrable instruments
	59	Numbering (SLA s 4 (1))	55
	60	Correction of name of registrable instrument	56
	61	Notification of registrable instruments (SLA s 6 (1) (a), (2)‑(5))	57
	62	Effect of failure to notify registrable instrument	59
	63	References to notification of registrable instruments	59
Chapter 7	Presentation, amendment and disallowance of subordinate laws and disallowable instruments
	64	Presentation of subordinate laws and disallowable instruments	60
	65	Disallowance by resolution of Assembly (SLA s 6 (7), (7A), (8), and s 10)	60
	65A	Notification of disallowance by resolution of Assembly (SLA s 6 (8) and s 10)	61
	66	Revival of affected laws (SLA s 6 (9), and s 10)	63
	67	Making of instrument same in substance within 6 months after disallowance (SLA s 6 (10), (16), and s10)	64
	68	Amendment by resolution of Assembly (SLA s 6 (7A), (11), (13)‑(15), (17), (18), and s 10)	65
	69	Notification of amendments made by resolution of Assembly (SLA s 6 (12), and s 10)	66
	70	Making of amendment restoring effect of law within 6 months after amendment (SLA s 6 (10), (16), and s 10)	68
	71	Effect of dissolution or expiry of Assembly on notice of motion (SLA s 6 (7B), and s 10)	69
Chapter 8	Commencement and exercise of powers before commencement
	72	Meaning of law in ch 8	70
	73	General rules about commencement (IA s 10, SLA s 6 (1) (b))	70
	74	Time of commencement (IA s 10A)	72
	75	Commencement of naming and commencement provisions on notification day (IA s 10B)	73
	76	Non–prejudicial provision may commence retrospectively (SLA s 7)	74
	77	Commencement by commencement notice (IA s 10C)	74
	78	Separate commencement of amendments	76
	79	Automatic commencement of postponed law (IA s 10E)	77
	80	References to commencement of law (IA s 11)	78
	81	Exercise of powers between notification and commencement (SLA s 5)	78
Chapter 9	Repeal and amendment of laws
Part 9.1	General
	82	Definitions for ch 9 (IA s 37)	80
	83	Consequences of amendment of statutory instrument by Act (SLA s 8A)	80
	84	Saving of operation of repealed and amended laws (IA s 41)	80
	84A	Creation of offences and changes in penalties (IA s 33A)	82
Part 9.2	Repeal
	85	When repeal takes effect (IA s 38)	83
	86	Repealed and amended laws not revived on repeal of repealing and amending laws (IA s 39)	83
	87	Commencement not undone if repealed (IA s 40)	85
	88	Repeal does not end effect of transitional laws etc (IA s 42)	85
	89	Automatic repeal of certain laws and provisions (IA s 43)	87
Part 9.3	Amendment
	90	Law and amending laws to be read as one (IA s 44)	90
	91	Insertion of provisions by amending law (IA s 45)	90
	92	Amendment to be made wherever possible (IA s 46)	92
	93	Provisions included in another provision for amendment purposes (IA s 46A)	93
	94	Continuance of appointments etc made under amended provisions (IA s 47)	94
	95	Status of modifications (IA s 48)	95
	96	Relocated provisions (IA s 49)	96
Chapter 10	Referring to laws
	97	References to law or instrument include law or instrument containing reference (IA s 50 (2))	97
	98	Referring to laws in general terms (IA s 50 (1))	97
	99	Referring to particular Acts (IA s 51)	98
	100	Referring to statutory instruments (IA s 52, SLA s 4 (2))	99
	101	Referring to provisions of laws or instruments (IA s 53)	100
	101A	Reference to provisions of law or instrument is inclusive (IA s 14)	101
	101B	References to paragraphs etc (IA s 12A)	102
	102	Meaning of references to a law or instrument generally (IA s 54)	103
	103	References to laws and instruments with amended names (IA s 55)	104
	104	References to laws include references to instruments under laws (IA s 55A)	104
	105	References in statutory instruments to the Act (IA s 55B)	105
	106	References to repealed laws (IA s 55C)	105
Chapter 11	Republication of Acts and statutory instruments
Part 11.1	General
	107	Meaning of law in ch 11 (LRA s 5, def of law and s 8 (2))	107
	108	Republication in register	107
	109	Republications may be published with other information	107
	110	Collections of laws (LRA s 19A)	108
Part 11.2	Substantive amendments made by laws
	111	Incorporation of amendments (LRA s 10)	109
	112	Reference to amending laws (LRA s 11 (1))	109
	113	Provisions not republished or relocated (LRA s 12)	109
Part 11.3	Editorial changes
	114	Authorisation for parliamentary counsel (LRA s 13, s 19)	111
	115	Amendments not to change effect (LRA s 14)	111
	116	Ambit of editorial amendments (LRA s 15)	111
	117	Legal effect of editorial changes (LRA s 16)	113
	118	Reference to editorial amendments (LRA s 17)	113
Chapter 12	Scope of Acts and statutory instruments
	120	Act to be interpreted not to exceed legislative powers of Assembly (IA s 11AA)	114
	121	Binding effect of Acts (IA s 7)	115
	122	Application to Territory (IA s 23A)	116
Chapter 13	Structure of Acts and statutory instruments
Part 13.1	General
	125	Meaning of law in ch 13	117
	126	Material that is part of an Act or statutory instrument (IA s 11H)	117
	127	Material that is not part of an Act or statutory instrument (IA s 12)	118
Part 13.2	Particular kinds of provisions
	130	What is a definition? (IA dictionary, definition)	120
	131	Signpost definitions (IA, dict, def of see)	121
	132	Examples (IA s 11D)	122
	133	Penalty units (IA s 33AA)	123
	134	Penalties at end of sections and subsections (IA s 32A)	124
	135	Penalties not at end of sections and subsections (IA s 33)	127
Chapter 14	Interpretation of Acts and statutory instruments
Part 14.1	Purpose and scope
	136	Meaning of Act in ch 14	129
	137	Purpose and scope of ch 14	129
Part 14.2	Key principles of interpretation
	138	Meaning of working out the meaning of an Act	130
	139	Interpretation best achieving Act’s purpose (IA s 11A)	130
	140	Legislative context	130
	141	Non-legislative context generally (IA s 11B)	131
	142	Non-legislative context—material that may be considered (IA s 11B)	132
	143	Law stating material for consideration in working out meaning	135
Chapter 15	Aids to interpretation
Part 15.1	General
	144	Meaning of commonly-used words and expressions (IA s 11F (1))	137
	145	Gender and number (IA s 19)	137
	146	Meaning of may and must (IA s 16)	137
	147	Changes of drafting practice not to affect meaning (IA s 11C)	138
	148	Terms used in instruments have same meanings as in authorising laws (IA s 11BA)	139
	149	Age in years (IA s 13D)	139
	150	Measurement of distance (IA s 35)	139
	151	Reckoning of time (IA s 36)	140
	152	Continuing effect of obligations	141
Part 15.2	Definitions
	155	Definitions apply subject to contrary intention (IA s 11G)	142
	156	Application of definitions in dictionaries and sections (IA s 11F (2))	142
	157	Defined terms—other parts of speech and grammatical forms (IA s 11E)	144
Part 15.3	References to various entities and things
	160	References to people generally (IA s 15)	145
	161	Corporations liable to offences (IA s 32)	146
	162	References to a Minister or the Minister (IA s 24)	147
	163	References to a chief executive or the chief executive (IA s 24A)	148
	164	References to Australian Standards (IA s 25AB)	149
	165	References to Assembly committees that no longer exist (IA s 25AA)	149
	168	References to person with interest in land include personal representative etc	150
	169	References to domestic partner and domestic partnership	150
	169A	References to transgender people	151
	169B	References to intersex people	151
Part 15.4	Preservation of certain common law privileges
	170	Privileges against selfincrimination and exposure to civil penalty	152
	171	Client legal privilege	152
Chapter 16	Courts, tribunals and other decision-makers
	175	Meaning of law in ch 16	154
	176	Jurisdiction of courts and tribunals (IA s 31A)	154
	177	Recovery of amounts owing under laws (IA s 34)	154
	178	Power to decide includes authority to administer oath etc (IA s 13E)	154
	179	Content of statements of reasons for decisions (IA s 13C)	155
	180	Power to make decision includes power to reverse or change (IA s 27)	155
Chapter 17	Entities and positions
	182	Meaning of law in ch 17	156
	183	Change of name of entity (IA s 13B)	156
	184	Change in constitution of entity (IA s 13BA)	156
	185	References to occupant of position (IA s 25)	157
	186	Change of name of position (IA s 13B)	157
	187	Chairperson and deputy chairperson (IA s 25A)	157
Chapter 18	Offences
	188	Meaning of Territory law in ch 18	158
	189	Reference to offence includes reference to related ancillary offences	159
	190	Indictable and summary offences (IA s 33D and 33E)	159
	191	Offences against 2 or more laws (IA s 33F)	160
	192	When must prosecutions begin? (IA s 33H)	160
	193	Continuing offences (IA s 33B (2))	161
Chapter 19	Administrative and machinery provisions
Part 19.1	Introductory
	195	Meaning of law in ch 19	163
Part 19.2	Functions
	196	Provision giving function gives power to exercise function (IA s 25B)	164
	197	Statutory functions may be exercised from time to time (IA s 26 (1))	164
	199	Functions of bodies (IA s 13BB)	164
	200	Functions of occupants of positions (IA s 26 (2), s 30AA)	166
Part 19.3	Appointments
Division 19.3.1	Appointments—other than acting appointments
	205	Application of div 19.3.1 (IA s 28 (1))	167
	206	Appointments must be in writing etc (IA s 28 (7))	167
	207	Appointment may be by name or position (IA s 28 (2))	168
	208	Power of appointment includes power to suspend etc (IA s 28 (3) to (5))	168
	209	Power of appointment includes power to make acting appointment (IA s 28 (4) to (6))	169
	210	Resignation of appointment (IA s 28 (8), (9))	170
	211	Appointment not affected by appointer changes	170
	212	Appointment not affected by defect etc (IA s 28 (10))	171
Division 19.3.2	Acting appointments
	215	Application of div 19.3.2 (IA s 28A (1))	171
	216	Acting appointments must be in writing etc (IA s 28 (7))	171
	217	Acting appointment may be made by name or position	172
	218	Instrument may provide when acting appointment has effect etc (IA s 28A (2))	172
	219	Appointer may decide terms of acting appointment etc (IA s 28A (3))	172
	220	Appointee may exercise functions under acting appointment etc (IA s 28A (8))	173
	221	How long does an acting appointment operate? (IA s 28A (4) to (6))	174
	222	Resignation of acting appointment (IA s 28 (8) to (11))	175
	223	Effect of acting appointment on substantive appointment etc (IA s 28A (7)	175
	224	Acting appointment not affected by appointer changes	175
	225	Acting appointment not affected by defect etc (IA s 28 (10), (11), 28A (9))	175
Division 19.3.3	Appointments—Assembly consultation
	226	Meaning of statutory position in div 19.3.3(SAA s 3)	176
	227	Application of div 19.3.3 (SAA s 4 (1), s 6)	176
	228	Consultation with appropriate Assembly committee (SAA s 4 (1))	177
	229	Appointment is disallowable instrument	177
Part 19.4	Delegations
	230	Application of pt 19.4 generally	178
	231	Application of pt 19.4 to subdelegations (IA s 30AB)	178
	232	Delegation must be in writing etc	179
	233	Delegation may be made by name or position (IA s 29A)	179
	234	Instrument may provide when delegation has effect etc (IA s 29B (a))	179
	235	Delegation may be made to 2 or more delegates	180
	236	Power to delegate may not be delegated (IA s 29B (b))	180
	237	Delegation may be amended or revoked	181
	238	Appointer responsible for delegated function	181
	239	Exercise of delegation by delegate (IA s 29B (c), (e), s 30)	181
	240	Appointer may exercise delegated function (IA s 29B (d))	182
	241	Delegation not affected by appointer changes (IA s 30AA)	182
	242	Delegation not affected by defect etc	182
Part 19.5	Service of documents
	245	Application of pt 19.5 (IA s 17A (1))	184
	246	Definitions for pt 19.5	184
	247	Service of documents on individuals (IA s 17A (1), 18)	186
	248	Service of documents on corporations (IA s 17A (1), 18)	186
	249	Service of documents on agencies (IA s 17A (1), 18)	187
	250	When service taken to be effected (IA s 18))	187
	251	Other laws not affected etc (IA s 17A (2) (a))	189
	252	Powers of courts and tribunals not affected (IA s 17A (2) (b))	189
Part 19.6	Functions of Executive and Ministers
	253	Exercise of functions of Executive (AA s 3A)	190
	254	Administration of matters not allocated (AA s 4)	190
	254A	Delegation by Minister (AA s 5)	190
Part 19.7	Other matters
	255	Forms (IA s 13)	191
	256	Production of records kept in computers etc (IA s 13A)	193
Chapter 20	Miscellaneous
	300	Delegation by parliamentary counsel	194
	301	References to Administration Act 1989 etc	194
	302	Regulation-making power	195
Chapter 21	Transitional
	304	Application of s 47 (3) to (6)	196
	308	Status of certain instruments as disallowable instruments	196
	309	Status of certain instruments as notifiable instruments	197
	310	Compliance with authorisation or requirement to do something by notice in Gazette (IA s 27A)	198
	313	Status of republications under Legislation (Republication) Act 1996	198
	314	Transitional provisions about penalties (IA s 63)	198
	315	Status of certain determinations	199
Schedule 1	Acts included in sources of law of the Territory	201
Part 1.1	Former NSW and UK Acts in force before establishment of Territory	201
Part 1.2	Former NSW Acts applied after establishment of Territory	204
Dictionary		206
Part 1	Meaning of commonly-used words and expressions	206
Part 2	Words and expressions for Legislation Act 2001 only	231
Endnotes
	1	About the endnotes	235
	2	Abbreviation key	235
	3	Legislation history	236
	4	Amendment history	238
	5	Earlier republications	266
	6	Uncommenced amendments	267

Australian Capital Territory
Legislation Act 2001

An Act about legislation

    

Chapter 1	Preliminary
Part 1.1	General
    
1	Name of Act
This Act is the Legislation Act 2001.
2	Dictionary
The dictionary at the end of this Act is part of this Act.
Note 1	The dictionary at the end of an Act usually defines certain words and expressions used in the Act, and includes references (signpost definitions) to other words and expressions defined elsewhere in the Act.  However, in this Act the dictionary is divided into 2 parts.
Note 2	Part 1 defines words and expressions commonly used in Acts (including this Act) and statutory instruments.  For example, because of the definition ‘month means calendar month.’, the word ‘month’ has the defined meaning wherever the word is used in an Act or statutory instrument unless the Act or instrument provides otherwise or the contrary intention otherwise appears (see s 144 and s 155).
Note 3	Part 2 defines certain words and expressions used in this Act.  For example, the signpost definition ‘administrator, for part 19.5 (Service of documents)—see section 246.’ means that the expression administrator is defined in s 246 for this Act, pt 19.5.  A definition in pt 2 of the dictionary applies to all of this Act unless the definition, or another provision of this Act, provides otherwise or the contrary intention otherwise appears (see s 155 and s 156 (1)).
2A	Notes
	(1)	A note included in this Act is explanatory and is not part of this Act.
Note	See s 127 (1), (4) and (5) for the legal status of notes.
	(2)	In this section:
note includes material enclosed in brackets in section headings.
Note	For comparison, a number of sections of this Act contain bracketed notes in their headings drawing attention to equivalent or comparable (though not necessarily identical) provisions of other Acts.  Abbreviations in the notes include the following:
·	AA:  Administration Act 1989
·	EA:  Evidence Act 1971
·	IA:  Interpretation Act 1967
·	LRA:  Legislation (Republication) Act 1996
·	SAA:  Statutory Appointments Act 1994
·	SLA:  Subordinate Laws Act 1989.
	(3)	Subsection (2) and this subsection expire on 2 September 2003.
3	Objects
	(1)	The main object of this Act is to make legislation more accessible.
	(2)	This is to be achieved particularly by—
	(a)	encouraging access to legislation through the internet, while maintaining access to printed legislation; and
	(b)	restating the law dealing with the ‘life cycle’ of legislation, improving its structure and content, and simplifying its provisions where practicable; and
	(c)	assisting users of legislation to find, read, understand and use legislation by—
	(i)	facilitating the shortening and simplification of legislation; and
	(ii)	promoting consistency in the form and language of legislation; and
	(iii)	providing rules about the interpretation of legislation; and
	(iv)	facilitating the updating and republication of legislation to ensure its ready availability.
	(3)	For this section, the ‘life cycle’ of legislation includes the making (where relevant), notification, commencement, presentation and disallowance (where relevant), operation, interpretation, proof, republication, amendment and repeal of legislation and instruments made under legislation.
4	Application of Act
	(1)	This Act applies to all Acts (including this Act) and statutory instruments.
	(2)	In particular, Acts and statutory instruments are taken to be made on the basis that they will operate in conjunction with this Act.
Examples
1	An Act imposes an obligation and provides that people who ‘fail’ to carry out the obligation are liable to the penalty.  The Act does not, however, define ‘fail’ or indicate that the word is used in a special way.  In accordance with this Act, dictionary, part 1 (see s 144), the word ‘fail’ includes ‘refuse’.  In other words, a person who refuses to carry out the obligation will be subject to the penalty in the same way as someone who only neglects the obligation.  In this case, the presence in an Act of a word that is defined in the Legislation Act 2001 attracts the operation of the definition in the dictionary.
2	The XYZ Act 2001 contains the following provision:
The Minister may, in writing, determine fees for this Act.
Because the XYZ Act authorises a fee to be determined ‘for this Act’, this Act, section 56 applies and therefore the provisions of part 6.3 (Making of certain statutory instruments about fees) apply to the determination of fees under the provision.  In this case, the operation of provisions of the Legislation Act 2001 is attracted because the XYZ Act 2001 contains a provision that triggers the application of the part.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(3)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
5	Determinative and non-determinative provisions
	(1)	This Act consists of determinative and non-determinative provisions.
	(2)	A determinative provision is a provision of this Act that is declared to be a determinative provision.
Example
Section 4 (3) provides that section 4 is a determinative provision.
	(3)	A non-determinative provision is any other provision of this Act.
Example
Section 3 does not contain a provision corresponding to section 4 (3).  Therefore, section 3 is not a determinative provision.
6	Legislation Act provisions must be applied
	(1)	A provision of this Act must be applied to an Act or statutory instrument, in accordance with the terms of the provision, except so far as it is displaced.
	(2)	A determinative provision may be displaced expressly or by a manifest contrary intention.
	(3)	A non-determinative provision may be displaced expressly or by a contrary intention.
Note	For the distinction between a ‘manifest contrary intention’ (see s (2)) and ‘contrary intention’ (see s (3)), see the examples in this section. 
	(4)	The declaration of a provision as ‘determinative’ indicates that it is the intention of the Legislative Assembly that, if the provision is to be displaced at all in a particular case, a more deliberate displacement is required than if the provision were a non-determinative provision.
	(5)	This section applies despite any presumption or rule of interpretation.
	(6)	A provision of this Act must not be taken to be displaced by a provision of an Act or statutory instrument so far as the provisions can operate concurrently.
	(7)	In particular and without limiting subsection (5), a provision of this Act is not displaced by a provision of an Act or statutory instrument because the provisions deal with the same or a similar subject matter.
	(8)	This section is a determinative provision.
Examples of different kinds of displacement
1	Determinative provision—express displacement
The Collections Regulation Act 1999 (hypothetical), section 83 contains the following provision:
(2)	The Legislation Act 2001, section 47 (3) does not apply to regulations under this Act.
Section 83 (2) illustrates a provision expressly displacing the Legislation Act 2001, section 47 (3), a determinative provision.
2	Determinative provision—manifest contrary intention
The Motor Repairers Act 2001 (hypothetical) does not contain a provision like the Collections Regulation Act 1999, section 83, but section 79 contains the following provision:
(3)	The regulations may apply, adopt or incorporate an instrument or provision of an instrument as in force from time to time.
Section 79 (3) illustrates a provision displacing the Legislation Act 2001, section 47 (3), a determinative provision, by a manifest contrary intention because section 79 (3) clearly contradicts section 47 (3).
3	Non-determinative provision—contrary intention
The master of a vessel is charged with contravening the Liquor Act 2001 (hypothetical), section 126 by selling liquor on or from ‘licensed premises’ otherwise than at a time authorised by the Act.  It is claimed that the sale took place on the vessel.  The Act defines ‘licensed premises’ to mean that part or those parts of a building or buildings and of the land adjoining it or them as defined by the licensing court.  It is argued that the complaint is defective in that a vessel cannot be ‘licensed premises’.  However, section 126 is expressed to apply to ‘a licensee, servant, agent or master who sells liquor on or from licensed premises’.  In this case, the reference to ‘master’ indicates a contrary intention indicating that the section is intended to apply to liquor sold on or from vessels.
Example of concurrent operation (no displacement)
The Small Clubs Act 2002 (hypothetical) contains the following provision about how notice of the club’s annual general meeting may be served on members of a registered small club:
60	Serving notice of annual general meeting
The executive committee of a registered small club may serve notice of the annual general meeting of the club on members by pinning the notice to a noticeboard in the club house.
The Legislation Act 2001, section 247, a non-determinative provision, allows a document to be served on an individual under an Act in a number of ways (by giving the document to the individual, by sending it by prepaid post etc), but does not mention pinning the document to a noticeboard as a method of giving the notice.
Section 247 is not displaced by the Small Clubs Act 2002, section 60, because—
·	section 60 does not expressly displace section 247 nor does it indicate a contrary intention (see s 6 (1) and (3)) and, in particular, section 60 does not indicate an intention that the method of service it authorises is to be the only method of serving notice of annual general meetings on members of small clubs; and
·	the application of section 247 is not displaced by any presumption or rule of interpretation (see s 6 (5)); and
·	sections 60 and 247 can operate concurrently (see s 6 (6)) by allowing complementary methods of service; and
·	the fact that sections 60 and 247 deal with the same (or a similar) subject matter does not of itself displace section 247 (see s 6 (7) and also s 6 (5)).
It follows, therefore, that the executive committee is free to serve notice of the annual general meeting under section 60 or section 247.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).

Part 1.2	Basic concepts
    
7	Meaning of Act generally (IA dict, def of Act, par (a))
	(1)	An Act is an Act of the Legislative Assembly.
	(2)	An Act of the Legislative Assembly is a law (however described or named) made by the Legislative Assembly under the Self-Government Act.
	(3)	A reference to an Act includes a reference to a provision of an Act.
Note 1	Section 17 deals with former Commonwealth enactments, and former NSW and UK Acts, that have become ACT Acts. 
Note 2	Section 98 deals with reference to laws in general terms.
8	Meaning of subordinate law (IA dict, def of subordinate law and SLA s 6 (19), def of subordinate law, par (a))
	(1)	A subordinate law is a regulation, rule or by-law (whether or not legislative in nature) made under—
	(a)	an Act; or
	(b)	another subordinate law; or
	(c)	power given by an Act or subordinate law and also power given otherwise by law.
	(2)	A reference to a subordinate law includes a reference to a provision of a subordinate law.
9	Meaning of disallowable instrument (SLA s 10 (1) and 6 (19), def of subordinate law)
	(1)	A disallowable instrument is—
	(a)	a statutory instrument (whether or not legislative in nature) that is declared to be a disallowable instrument by an Act, subordinate law or another disallowable instrument; or
	(b)	a determination of fees or charges by a Minister under an Act or subordinate law.
Note	Statutory instrument is defined in s 13.
	(2)	A reference to a disallowable instrument includes a reference to a provision of a disallowable instrument.
10	Meaning of notifiable instrument
	(1)	A notifiable instrument is a statutory instrument (whether or not legislative in nature) that is declared to be a notifiable instrument by an Act, subordinate law, disallowable instrument or another notifiable instrument.
Note	Section 309 (Status of certain instruments as notifiable instruments) declares certain statutory instruments that are required or permitted to be published or notified in the Gazette to be notifiable instruments.
	(2)	A reference to a notifiable instrument includes a reference to a provision of a notifiable instrument.
11	Meaning of commencement notice
	(1)	A commencement notice is a statutory instrument that fixes or otherwise determines the commencement of an Act, subordinate law, disallowable instrument or notifiable instrument.
	(2)	A reference to a commencement notice includes a reference to a provision of a commencement notice.
12	Meaning of registrable instrument
	(1)	A registrable instrument is—
	(a)	a subordinate law; or
	(b)	a disallowable instrument; or
	(c)	a notifiable instrument; or
	(d)	a commencement notice.
	(2)	A reference to a registrable instrument includes a reference to a provision of a registrable instrument.
13	Meaning of statutory instrument (IA dict, def of statutory instrument)
	(1)	A statutory instrument is an instrument (whether or not legislative in nature) made under—
	(a)	an Act; or
	(b)	another statutory instrument; or
	(c)	power given by an Act or statutory instrument and also power given otherwise by law.
	(2)	A statutory instrument includes a subordinate law, disallowable instrument, notifiable instrument and commencement notice.
	(3)	A reference to a statutory instrument includes a reference to a provision of a statutory instrument.
14	Meaning of instrument (IA dict, def of instrument)
	(1)	An instrument is any writing or other document.
Note	Writing is defined in the dictionary, pt 1.
	(2)	A reference to an instrument includes a reference to a provision of an instrument.
15	Meaning of authorised republication
	(1)	An authorised republication is a republication of a law authorised by the parliamentary counsel under this Act.
	(2)	A reference to an authorised republication includes a reference to a provision of an authorised republication.
	(3)	In this section:
law—see section 107 (Meaning of law in ch 11).
16	Meaning of provision (IA dict, def of provision)
A provision of an Act or instrument is any words or anything else that forms part of the Act or instrument.
Examples of provisions consisting of groups of words
sections, subsections, paragraphs, subparagraphs, sub-subparagraphs, examples
Examples of provisions consisting of groups of other provisions
chapters, parts, divisions, subdivisions, schedules
Note	See s 126 and s 127 for material that is, or is not, part of an Act or statutory instrument.

Part 1.3	Sources of law in the ACT
    
Notes on sources of law
Note 1 	The laws in force in the ACT consist of the written law and various unwritten laws known as the principles and rules of common law and equity.
Note 2 	The written law of the Territory consists primarily of laws, known as Acts, made by the Legislative Assembly.  It also includes regulations, rules of court and other legislative instruments made under specific powers given by Acts.  (Written laws made under an Act are commonly called ‘subordinate’ or ‘delegated’ legislation.)
Note 3	Before self-government, ordinances made by the Governor-General under the Seat of Government (Administration) Act 1910 (Cwlth) were the main form of legislation made for the ACT.  Most of the ordinances in force at self-government have been converted into Acts (see the Self-Government Act, s 34).  However, the Governor-General has power to make ordinances for the ACT on a limited number of topics (see the Seat of Government (Administration) Act 1910 (Cwlth), s 12).
Note 4 	The written laws in force in the ACT also include the Commonwealth Constitution, Commonwealth Acts, and regulations and other legislative instruments made under Commonwealth Acts.  As a general rule, Commonwealth Acts and legislative instruments apply in the ACT in the same way as they apply in other parts of Australia.  Commonwealth Acts and instruments prevail over the Acts made by the Legislative Assembly to the extent to which they are inconsistent (see the Self-Government Act, s 28).
Note 5 	Certain Acts of New South Wales and the United Kingdom also formed part of the written laws in force in the ACT.  Because of the Interpretation Act 1967, s 65, these are now taken to be laws made by the Legislative Assembly as if they had been enacted by the Assembly.  These Acts are listed in sch 1.
17	References to Acts include references to former Cwlth enactments etc (IA s 7A, dict, def of Act, par (b) and def of enactment)
	(1)	A reference to an Act includes a reference to a former Commonwealth enactment.
	(2)	Without limiting subsection (1), a reference to an Act includes a reference to a former NSW Act or former UK Act mentioned in schedule 1.
	(3)	In this section:
former Commonwealth enactment means a Commonwealth Act or ordinance, a New South Wales Act or Imperial Act that is—
	(a)	an enactment within the meaning of the Self-Government Act because of that Act, section 34; or
	(b)	an enactment because of the A.C.T. Self-Government (Consequential Provisions) Act 1988 (Cwlth), section 10 (3) or 12 (2) or (3).

Chapter 2	ACT legislation register and web site

18	ACT legislation register
	(1)	The parliamentary counsel must establish and maintain a register of Acts and statutory instruments (the ACT legislation register).
	(2)	The register must be kept electronically.
Example of how register may be kept
The register may be kept in the form of, or as part of, 1 or more computer databases, and may include data compiled electronically from the databases.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
19	Contents of register
	(1)	The ACT legislation register must contain the following:
	(a)	authorised republications of laws currently in force;
	(b)	Acts as made;
	(c)	subordinate laws as made;
	(d)	disallowable instruments as made;
	(e)	notifiable instruments as made;
	(f)	commencement notices as made;
	(g)	resolutions passed, or taken to have been passed, by the Legislative Assembly to disallow a subordinate law or disallowable instrument;
	(h)	resolutions passed, or taken to have been passed, by the Legislative Assembly to amend a subordinate law or disallowable instrument;
	(i)	bills presented to the Legislative Assembly;
	(j)	explanatory statements for bills, and amendments of bills, presented to the Legislative Assembly;
	(k)	explanatory statements, and regulatory impact statements under chapter 5, for subordinate laws and disallowable instruments.
	(2)	The ACT legislation register must also contain the following:
	(a)	notifications of the making of Acts;
	(b)	notifications of the making of subordinate laws;
	(c)	notifications of the making of disallowable instruments;
	(d)	notifications of the making of notifiable instruments;
	(e)	notifications of the making of commencement notices;
	(f)	notifications of the disallowance of subordinate laws or disallowable instruments under section 65 (Disallowance by resolution of Assembly);
	(g)	notifications of the amendment of subordinate laws or disallowable instruments under section 68 (Amendment by resolution of Assembly).
	(3)	The parliamentary counsel may enter additional material in the register if the parliamentary counsel considers that it is likely to be useful to users of the register.
	(4)	Without limiting subsection (3), the additional material may include the following:
	(a)	unauthorised republications of laws currently in force;
	(b)	past versions of unauthorised republications;
	(c)	past versions of authorised republications;
	(d)	statutory instruments that are not registrable instruments;
	(e)	repealed Acts and statutory instruments;
	(f)	Commonwealth laws that apply in or in relation to the ACT.
Note	The following sections of the Act deal with the entry of material in  the register:
	s 28 (Notification of Acts)
	s 61 (Notification of registrable instruments)
	s 65A (Notification of disallowance by resolution of Assembly)
	s 69 (Notification of amendments made by resolution of Assembly)
	s 108 (Republication in register).
	(5)	The parliamentary counsel may enter additional material in the register in any way the parliamentary counsel considers is likely to be helpful to users of the register.
Examples
1	A uniform legislative scheme is entered into under heads of agreement signed on behalf of the Commonwealth, States and Territories.  The Legislative Assembly later passes an Act to implement the scheme on behalf of the ACT and the Act is notified and entered in the register.  The agreement is also entered in the register as a notifiable instrument with a notifiable instrument number even though the instrument is not taken to be a notifiable instrument under section 10 (Meaning of notifiable instrument).  The page of the register for the Act contains the heading ‘Registrable instruments’ and the agreement is listed underneath.  The page of the register for the agreement gives particulars for the agreement and mentions that it is not a notifiable instrument but is included in the register for information.
2	An instrument under the Self-Government Act notifying the appointment of Ministers is entered in the register as a notifiable instrument even though the instrument is not taken to be a notifiable instrument under section 10 (Meaning of notifiable instrument).  The instrument is also numbered as a notifiable instrument.  The page of the register for the notification mentions that it is made under the Self-Government Act and is not a notifiable instrument but is included in the register for information.
3	The Australian Road Rules that are applied in the ACT under the Road Transport (Safety and Traffic Management) Regulations 2000 are entered in the register as a notifiable instrument even though the instrument is not taken to be a notifiable instrument under section 47 (Statutory instrument may make provision by applying law or instrument).  The page of the register for the regulations also contains the heading ‘Registrable instruments’ and the rules are listed underneath.  The page of the register for the rules mentions that the rules are applied under the Road Transport (Safety and Traffic Management) Regulations 2000 and that they are to be read with, and as if they formed part of, those regulations.  The note also explains that, because they were applied before the commencement of the Legislation Act 2001, they are not a registrable instrument under that Act.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(6)	If the register contains an authorised republication of a law currently in force, and the law is amended, the parliamentary counsel must replace the republication with an authorised republication of the law as amended.
	(7)	If the register contains an authorised republication of a law, and the law is repealed, expires or, for a subordinate law or disallowable instrument, is disallowed by the Legislative Assembly, the parliamentary counsel must ensure that the republication is no longer shown as a republication of law currently in force.
	(8)	If the parliamentary counsel considers it likely to be useful to users of the register to enter information (in any form) in the register, the parliamentary counsel may enter the information at any time.
Example
guides and indexes to the register
	(9)	If an Act passed by the Legislative Assembly, or a registrable instrument made, before the commencement of this Act need not be notified under this Act, the parliamentary counsel may enter the text of the Act or instrument in the register.
	(10)	The parliamentary counsel may correct any mistake, error or omission in the register subject to the requirements (if any) of the regulations.
	(11)	In this section:
amended includes modified.
law—see section 107 (Meaning of law in ch 11).
20	Prompt registration
The parliamentary counsel must ensure that anything the parliamentary counsel is required to do in relation to the register is done promptly.
21	Approved web site
	(1)	The parliamentary counsel must approve an internet site, and may approve additional internet sites, for this Act.
	(2)	The parliamentary counsel may enter into agreements or arrangements to ensure that users can authenticate an approved web site or the material accessible on an approved web site.
22	Access to registered material at approved web site
	(1)	The parliamentary counsel must ensure, as far as practicable, that a copy of the material mentioned in section 19 (1) and (2) (Contents of register) is accessible at all times on an approved web site.
	(2)	Access is to be provided without charge by the Territory.

Chapter 3	Authorised versions and evidence of Acts and statutory instruments

23	Authorisation of versions by parliamentary counsel (LRA s 8)
The parliamentary counsel may authorise printed or electronic versions of an Act, statutory instrument or republication.
24	Authorised electronic versions (LRA s 20, s 22, s 23)
	(1)	This section applies to the following:
	(a)	a copy of an Act, statutory instrument or republication accessible at an approved web site;
	(b)	any other electronic copy of an Act, statutory instrument or republication.
	(2)	A copy of the Act, statutory instrument or republication is an authorised version only—
	(a)	if it is authorised by the parliamentary counsel; and
	(b)	in the format in which it is authorised.
Example of authorised version accessible at approved web site
a locked pdf file with a digital signature permitting authentication of the downloaded file
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(3)	It is presumed, unless the contrary is proved—
	(a)	that an internet site purporting to be an approved web site is an approved web site; and
	(b)	that a copy of an Act, statutory instrument or republication accessible at an approved web site and purporting to be authorised is authorised by the parliamentary counsel under this Act; and
	(c)	that any other electronic copy of an Act, statutory instrument or republication purporting to be authorised is authorised by the parliamentary counsel under this Act; and
	(d)	that an authorised electronic version of the Act or statutory instrument correctly shows the Act or instrument; and
	(e)	that an authorised electronic version of a republication of a law correctly shows the law as at the republication date.
	(4)	In this section:
law—see section 107 (Meaning of law in ch 11). 
25	Authorised printed versions (LRA ss 6-9, ss 20-23)
	(1)	A version of an Act, statutory instrument or republication printed by authority of the Territory government and authorised by the parliamentary counsel is an authorised version.
	(2)	It is presumed, unless the contrary is proved—
	(a)	that a printed version of an Act, statutory instrument or republication purporting to have been printed by authority of the Territory government was so printed; and
	(b)	that a printed version of an Act, statutory instrument or republication purporting to have been authorised by the parliamentary counsel was authorised by the parliamentary counsel under this Act; and
	(c)	that an authorised printed version of an Act or statutory instrument correctly shows the Act or instrument; and
	(d)	that an authorised printed version of a republication of a law correctly shows the law as at the republication date.
	(3)	In this section:
law—see section 107 (Meaning of law in ch 11).
26	Judicial notice of certain matters (EA ss 8–10A, s 10C)
	(1)	Proof is not required about—
	(a)	the passing of a proposed law by the Legislative Assembly or its notification in the register or the Gazette; or
	(b)	the making, or notification or publication in the register or the Gazette, of a subordinate law, disallowable instrument, notifiable instrument, commencement notice or any other statutory instrument; or
	(c)	the approval (however described) of a statutory instrument by the Executive, a Minister or any other entity; or
	(d)	the provisions of an Act, subordinate law, disallowable instrument, notifiable instrument, commencement notice or any other statutory instrument; or
	(e)	the commencement of an Act, subordinate law, disallowable instrument, notifiable instrument, or any other statutory instrument; or
	(f)	the presentation of a subordinate law, disallowable instrument or any other statutory instrument to the Legislative Assembly; or
	(g)	anything done or not done by or in the Legislative Assembly in relation to a subordinate law, disallowable instrument or any other statutory instrument; or
	(h)	changes made under chapter 11 (Republication of Acts and statutory instruments); or
	(i)	the authorisation of a republication under this Act, the provisions of an authorised republication or the republication date of an authorised republication.
	(2)	A court or tribunal may inform itself of anything mentioned in subsection (1) in any way it considers appropriate.
Examples of ways that may be appropriate
1	using a version of an Act downloaded from an approved web site using the internet
2	using information obtained from an approved web site using the internet
3	using an authorised printed version of a republication
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(3)	However, the court or tribunal must consider whether the source it intends to use appears to be a reliable source of information.
	(4)	For subsection (3), an authorised version of an Act, statutory instrument or republication is a reliable source of information.
	(5)	This section does not limit any other law providing how a court or tribunal may be informed about a matter mentioned in subsection (1).

Chapter 4	Numbering and notification of Acts

27	Numbering of Acts (IA s 9)
The Acts passed in each year are to be numbered as nearly as practicable in the order in which they are passed.
28	Notification of Acts (IA s 8)
	(1)	If a proposed law is passed by the Legislative Assembly, the Speaker must ask the parliamentary counsel to notify the making of the law.
	(2)	If the Speaker asks the parliamentary counsel to notify the making of the proposed law, the parliamentary counsel must—
	(a)	notify the making of the law in the register; or
	(b)	if it is not practicable to notify the making of the proposed law in the register, or make the text of the proposed law and the notification of its making accessible at 1 or more approved web sites, when the law is to be notified—notify the making of the law in the Gazette.
	(3)	If the Speaker asks the parliamentary counsel to notify the making of the proposed law on a particular day, the parliamentary counsel must notify the making of the law on that day unless it is impracticable to do so.
	(4)	The making of the proposed law is notified in the register by entering in the register—
	(a)	a statement that the law has been passed by the Legislative Assembly; and
	(b)	the text of the law.
	(5)	The making of the proposed law is notified in the Gazette by publishing in the Gazette a statement—
	(a)	that the law has been passed by the Legislative Assembly; and
	(b)	of the place or places where copies of the law can be purchased.
	(6)	If the making of the proposed law is notified in the Gazette—
	(a)	copies of the law must be available for purchase on the day of publication (the Gazette date), or as soon as practicable after the Gazette date, at the place, or each of the places, stated in the Gazette; and
	(b)	the parliamentary counsel must later enter in the register—
	(i)	a statement that the law has been passed by the Legislative Assembly; and
	(ii)	a statement that the law was notified in the Gazette on the Gazette date; and
	(iii)	the text of the law.
	(7)	If on the Gazette date no copies of the law are available for purchase at the place, or any of the places, stated in the Gazette, the parliamentary counsel must give the Minister a statement—
	(a)	that copies of the law were not available; and
	(b)	explaining why they were not available.
	(8)	The Minister must present the statement to the Legislative Assembly within 6 sitting days after the Gazette date.
	(9)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
29	References to enactment or passing of Acts (IA s 10F)
In an Act or statutory instrument, a reference to the enactment or passing of an Act is a reference to the making of the Act having been notified in the register or the Gazette.
30	References to notification of Acts
In an Act or statutory instrument, a reference to the notification of an Act is a reference to the making of the Act having been notified in the register or the Gazette.

Chapter 5	Regulatory impact statements for subordinate laws and disallowable instruments
Part 5.1	Preliminary
    
31	Definitions for ch 5 (SLA s 9A)
In this chapter:
authorising law, in relation to a proposed subordinate law or disallowable instrument (the proposed law), means the Act or statutory instrument (and, if appropriate, the provision of the Act or statutory instrument) under which the proposed law will be made.
benefits includes—
	(a)	advantages; and
	(b)	direct and indirect economic, environmental and social benefits.
costs includes—
	(a)	burdens and disadvantages; and
	(b)	direct and indirect economic, environmental and social costs.
scrutiny committee principles means the terms of reference of the Legislative Assembly’s Standing Committee on Legal Affairs that apply to subordinate laws and disallowable instruments.
32	Other publication or consultation requirements not affected (SLA s 9B)
	(1)	Part 5.2 (Requirements for regulatory impact statements) does not affect any requirements in any other Territory law for publication or consultation about a proposal to make a subordinate law or disallowable instrument.
	(2)	Part 5.2 does not apply to the subordinate law or disallowable instrument if the requirements are of a comparable level to publication and consultation under the part.
33	Guidelines about costs of proposed subordinate laws and disallowable instruments (SLA s 9C)
	(1)	The Minister may, in writing, issue guidelines to be applied in deciding whether a proposed subordinate law or disallowable instrument is, or is not, likely to impose appreciable costs on the community or a part of the community.
	(2)	Guidelines issued under this section are a disallowable instrument.

Part 5.2	Requirements for regulatory impact statements
    
34	Preparation of regulatory impact statements (SLA s 9D)
	(1)	If a proposed subordinate law or disallowable instrument (the proposed law) is likely to impose appreciable costs on the community, or a part of the community, then, before the proposed law is made, the Minister administering the authorising law (the administering Minister) must arrange for a regulatory impact statement to be prepared for the proposed law.
	(2)	However, this section does not apply to the proposed law if the administering Minister, in writing, exempts the proposed law from subsection (1).
Note	Sections 32 and 36 also state other circumstances when a regulatory impact statement is not required.
	(3)	An exemption under subsection (2) (the RIS exemption) is a disallowable instrument.
	(4)	If the RIS exemption is disallowed under this Act after the proposed law has been made in whole or in part, the administering Minister must arrange for a regulatory impact statement to be prepared for the subordinate law or disallowable instrument.
	(5)	The regulatory impact statement prepared under subsection (4) must be presented to the Legislative Assembly within 5 sitting days after the disallowance of the RIS exemption.
	(6)	This chapter (other than section 37 (When must regulatory impact statement be presented?)) applies to the law as if the law were a proposed subordinate law or disallowable instrument.
35	Content of regulatory impact statements (SLA s 9E)
A regulatory impact statement for a proposed subordinate law or disallowable instrument (the proposed law) must include the following information about the proposed law in clear and precise language:
	(a)	the authorising law;
	(b)	a brief statement of the policy objectives of the proposed law and the reasons for them;
	(c)	a brief statement of the way the policy objectives will be achieved by the proposed law and why this way of achieving them is reasonable and appropriate;
	(d)	a brief explanation of how the proposed law is consistent with the policy objectives of the authorising law;
	(e)	if the proposed law is inconsistent with the policy objectives of another Territory law—
	(i)	a brief explanation of the relationship with the other law; and 
	(ii)	a brief explanation for the inconsistency;
	(f)	if appropriate, a brief statement of any reasonable alternative way of achieving the policy objectives (including the option of not making a subordinate law or disallowable instrument) and why the alternative was rejected;
	(g)	a brief assessment of the benefits and costs of implementing the proposed law that—
	(i)	if practicable and appropriate, quantifies the benefits and costs; and
	(ii)	includes a comparison of the benefits and costs with the benefits and costs of any reasonable alternative way of achieving the policy objectives stated under paragraph (f);
	(h)	a brief assessment of the consistency of the proposed law with the scrutiny committee principles and, if it is inconsistent with the principles, the reasons for the inconsistency.
36	When is preparation of regulatory impact statement unnecessary? (SLA s 9F)
	(1)	A regulatory impact statement need not be prepared for a proposed subordinate law or disallowable instrument (the proposed law) if the proposed law only provides for, or to the extent it only provides for, any of the following:
	(a)	a matter that is not of a legislative nature, including, for example, a matter of a machinery, administrative, drafting or formal nature;
	(b)	a matter that does not operate to the disadvantage of anyone (other than the Territory or a Territory authority or instrumentality) by—
	(i)	adversely affecting the person’s rights; or
	(ii)	imposing liabilities on the person;
	(c)	an amendment of a Territory law to take account of current legislative drafting practice;
	(d)	the commencement of an Act or statutory instrument or a provision of an Act or statutory instrument;
	(e)	an amendment of a Territory law that does not fundamentally affect the law’s application or operation;
	(f)	a matter of a transitional character;
	(g)	a matter arising under a Territory law that is part of a uniform scheme of legislation or complementary with legislation of the Commonwealth, a State or New Zealand;
	(h)	a matter involving the adoption of an Australian or international protocol, standard, code, or intergovernmental agreement or instrument, if an assessment of the benefits and costs has already been made and the assessment was made for, or is relevant to, the ACT;
	(i)	a proposal to make, amend or repeal rules of court;
	(j)	a matter advance notice of which would enable someone to gain unfair advantage;
	(k)	an amendment of a fee, charge or tax consistent with announced government policy.
	(2)	A regulatory impact statement also need not be prepared for the proposed law if, or to the extent that, it would be against the public interest because of the nature of the proposed law or the circumstances in which it is made.
Example
A law may need to be made urgently for controlling the spread of a disease or dealing with another urgent situation.
Note	Sections 32 and 34 also state other circumstances when a regulatory impact statement is not required.
37	When must regulatory impact statement be presented? (SLA s 9G)
	(1)	This section applies if a regulatory impact statement for a proposed subordinate law or disallowable instrument (the proposed law) has been prepared and the proposed law is made in whole or part.
	(2)	The statement must be presented to the Legislative Assembly with the subordinate law or disallowable instrument.

Part 5.3	Failure to comply with requirements for regulatory impact statements
    
38	Effect of failure to comply with pt 5.2 (SLA s 9H)
	(1)	Failure to comply with part 5.2 (Requirements for regulatory impact statements) in relation to a subordinate law or disallowable instrument (the law) does not—
	(a)	affect the law’s validity; or
	(b)	create rights or impose legally enforceable obligations on the Territory, a Minister or anyone else.
	(2)	In addition, a decision made, or appearing to be made, under part 5.2 is final and conclusive.
	(3)	In this section:
decision includes—
	(a)	conduct engaged in to make a decision; and
	(b)	conduct related to making a decision; and
	(c)	failure to make a decision.

Chapter 6	Making, notification and numbering of statutory instruments
Part 6.1	General
    
39	Meaning of matter in ch 6 (IA s 27B)
In this chapter:
matter, in relation to a statutory instrument, includes circumstance, person, place and purpose.
40	Presumption of validity (EA s 10C (2) (e))
It is presumed, unless the contrary is proved, that all conditions and steps required for the making of a statutory instrument have been satisfied and carried out.
41	Making of certain statutory instruments by Executive (SLA s 3)
	(1)	This section applies if an Act authorises or requires the Executive to make a subordinate law or disallowable instrument.
	(2)	The subordinate law or disallowable instrument is taken to be made by the Executive if—
	(a)	it is signed by 2 or more Ministers who are members of the Executive; and
	(b)	1 of the signing Ministers is the responsible Minister.
	(3)	A subordinate law or disallowable instrument made in accordance with subsection (2) is taken to be made when it is signed by the second Minister signing.
	(4)	Subsection (2) (b) does not apply if the responsible Minister cannot sign because he or she is absent from the ACT, ill or on leave.
	(5)	In this section:
responsible Minister means—
	(a)	the Minister for the time being administering the Act; or
	(b)	if, for the time being, different Ministers administer the Act in relation to different matters—
	(i)	if only 1 Minister administers the Act in relation to the relevant matter—that Minister; or
	(ii)	if 2 or more Ministers administer the Act in relation to the relevant matter—any of the Ministers; or
	(iii)	if subparagraph (ii) does not apply and, for the time being, 2 or more Ministers administer the Act—any of the Ministers;
but does not include a Minister for the time being acting on behalf of the Minister or 2 or more Ministers.

Part 6.2	Making of statutory instruments generally
    
42	Power to make statutory instruments (IA s 26 (1), s 27C)
	(1)	If an Act or statutory instrument gives a power that can be exercised by making an instrument, the Act or statutory instrument gives power to make the instrument.
Example
An Act gives a Minister power to approve codes of practice, but does not require the approval to be in writing or to be given by a particular instrument. The power can be exercised by giving a written approval. The Act, therefore, gives power to make an instrument, namely, a written approval.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(2)	If an Act or statutory instrument gives power to make an instrument, the power may be exercised from time to time.
	(3)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
43	Statutory instruments to be interpreted not to exceed powers under authorising law (SLA s 9 (3))
	(1)	A statutory instrument is to be interpreted as operating to the full extent of, but not to exceed, the power given by the Act or statutory instrument under which it is made (the authorising law).
	(2)	Without limiting subsection (1), if a provision of a statutory instrument would, apart from this section, be interpreted as exceeding power—
	(a)	the provision is valid to the extent to which it does not exceed power; and
	(b)	the remainder of the instrument is not affected.
Example 1
The Agriculture Services Determination 2001, part 4 exceeds the determination–making power given by the Agriculture Services Act 2000 (hypothetical).  The other provisions of the determination are within power.
The determination (apart from part 4) operates effectively.  Part 4 is treated as if it did not form part of the determination and is disregarded.
Note to example 1	 The kind of interpretation indicated in example 1 is known as a divisible interpretation of the determination.
Example 2
The Goats Regulations 2001 (hypothetical) are made under the Goats Act 2001.  The Goats Regulations 2001, regulation 39 seeks to impose rules about the care of ‘animals’, but the Act only gives power to make regulations about goats.
Regulation 39 is read restrictively (‘read down’) as if it mentioned goats.  In other words, the regulation is effective but treated as if it applied only to goats.
Note to example 2 The kind of interpretation indicated in example 2 is known as a distributive interpretation of the regulations.
	(3)	Without limiting subsection (1), if the application of a provision of a statutory instrument to a matter would, apart from this section, be interpreted as exceeding power, the provision’s application to other matters is not affected.
Example
The Community Safety Order 2001 is expressed to apply to all members of the community without qualification although it is in fact made under the Building Industry (Safety) Act 2000 (hypothetical).  That Act is restricted in its operation to the building industry.  The order is cast in such wide terms that it cannot be interpreted divisibly or distributively.  However, the order applies to entities such as XYZ Constructions Pty Ltd because it is a company in the construction industry.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(4)	This section is in addition to any provision of the statutory instrument or authorising law.
	(5)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
44	Power to make statutory instruments for an Act etc (SLA s 2A)
	(1)	If an Act or statutory instrument (the authorising law) authorises or requires the making of a statutory instrument for (or for the purposes of) the authorising law or another Act or statutory instrument (the other law), the power authorises a statutory instrument to be made in relation to any matter that—
	(a)	is required or permitted to be prescribed by the authorising law or other law; or
	(b)	is necessary or convenient to be prescribed for carrying out or giving effect to the authorising law or other law.
	(2)	Subsection (1) applies to the authorising law even though the authorising law—
	(a)	only authorises the making of a statutory instrument for (or for the purposes of) the authorising law; or
	(b)	also authorises or requires the making of a statutory instrument about a particular matter.
	(3)	Power given by the authorising law to make a statutory instrument about a particular matter does not limit power given by the authorising law or other law to make a statutory instrument (whether or not of the same kind) about any other matter.
	(4)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
45	Power to make court rules (IA s 27I)
	(1)	The power of an entity to make rules for a court includes power to make rules in relation to any matter necessary or convenient to be prescribed for carrying out or giving effect to the court’s jurisdiction under any law that authorises or requires anything to be done in or in relation to the court.
	(2)	This section is additional to section 44.
	(3)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
	(4)	In this section:
court includes a tribunal.
disallowable instrument, for a Commonwealth Act, means a disallowable instrument under the Acts Interpretation Act 1901 (Cwlth), section 46A.
law means—
	(a)	an Act, subordinate law or disallowable instrument; or
	(b)	a Commonwealth Act, or any regulations, rules, ordinance or disallowable instrument under a Commonwealth Act; or
	(c)	a provision of a law mentioned in paragraph (a) or (b).
46	Power to make instrument includes power to amend or repeal (IA s 27D)
	(1)	Power given under an Act or statutory instrument (the authorising law) to make a statutory instrument includes power to amend or repeal the instrument.
	(2)	The power to amend or repeal the instrument is exercisable in the same way, and subject to the same conditions, as the power to make the instrument.
Examples
1	If the instrument is a disallowable instrument, an amendment or repeal of the instrument is also a disallowable instrument.
2	If the instrument is a notifiable instrument, an amendment or repeal of the instrument is also a notifiable instrument.
3	If notice of the making of the instrument must be published in a newspaper, notice of an amendment or repeal of the instrument must also be published in the newspaper.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(3)	Despite subsection (1), a form that is a registrable instrument may be repealed or repealed and remade (with or without changes), but may not be amended.
	(4)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
47	Statutory instrument may make provision by applying law or instrument (SLA s 8)
	(1)	This section applies if an Act, subordinate law or disallowable instrument (the authorising law) authorises or requires the making of a statutory instrument (the relevant instrument) about a matter.
	(2)	The relevant instrument may make provision about the matter by applying an ACT law—
	(a)	as in force at a particular time; or
	(b)	as in force from time to time.
	(3)	The relevant instrument may make provision about the matter by applying a law of another jurisdiction, or an instrument, as in force only at a particular time.
Note	For information on the operation of s (3), see the examples to s (9).
	(4)	For subsection (3), if—
	(a)	the relevant instrument makes provision about a matter by applying a law of another jurisdiction or an instrument; but
	(b)	subsection (3) is not displaced and the law or instrument is not applied as in force from time to time;
the relevant instrument is taken to have applied the law or instrument as in force when the relevant instrument is made.
Example
The Bushfire Compensation Determination 2002 (hypothetical) provides for the making of claims against a compensation fund.  Clause 43 provides that disputes about claims under clause 42 must be decided in accordance with the Commercial Arbitration Act 1984 (NSW).  The determination is made on 1 February 2002.  Neither the Act under which the determination is made nor the determination indicates that the NSW Act is applied as in force at a particular date or from time to time.  Therefore, the NSW Act as in force on 1 February 2002 is applied by the determination.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(5)	If a law of another jurisdiction or an instrument is applied as in force at a particular time, the text of the law or instrument (as in force at that time) is taken to be a notifiable instrument made under the relevant instrument by the entity authorised or required to make the relevant instrument.
	(6)	If subsection (3) is displaced and a law of another jurisdiction or an instrument is applied as in force from time to time, the text of each of the following is taken to be a notifiable instrument made under the relevant instrument by the entity authorised or required to make the relevant instrument:
	(a)	the law or instrument as in force at the time the relevant instrument is made;
	(b)	each subsequent amendment of the law or instrument;
	(c)	if the law or instrument is repealed and remade (with or without changes)—the law or instrument as remade and each subsequent amendment of the law or instrument;
	(d)	if a provision of the law or instrument is omitted and remade (with or without changes) in another law or instrument—the provision as remade and each subsequent amendment of the provision.
	(7)	The authorising law or, if the relevant instrument is a subordinate law or disallowable instrument, the relevant instrument may provide that—
	(a)	subsection (5) or (6) does not apply to the relevant instrument; or
	(b)	subsection (5) or (6) applies with the modifications stated in the authorising law or relevant instrument.
	(8)	If a provision of an Act, subordinate law or disallowable instrument authorises or requires the application of a law or instrument, the provision authorises the making of changes or modifications to the law or instrument for that application.
	(9)	This section is a determinative provision.
Examples for s (3) and s (9)
Here are 2 examples about the operation of subsections (3) and (9):  the first illustrates how subsection (3) might be displaced and the second illustrates how a law of another jurisdiction that applies as in force from time to time would operate—
1	The effect of subsections (3) and (9), and subsection (10), definition of applying, is that if it is intended to apply, adopt or incorporate a law or instrument as in force from time to time, the authorising law would need to expressly displace subsection (3) (as illustrated in s 6, examples of different kinds of displacement, example 1) or indicate a manifest contrary intention (as illustrated in example 2 in those examples).
2	The ABC Regulations 2001 (made under a provision like those illustrated in section 6, examples of different kinds of displacement, examples 1 and 2) provide that noise measurements are to be taken in accordance with the NSW noise control manual as in force from time to time.  The effect of the ABC Regulations 2001 is that whenever the NSW noise control manual is amended in future, the noise measurements must be taken in accordance with the manual as last amended.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
	(10)	In this section:
ACT law means an Act, subordinate law or disallowable instrument, and includes a provision of an Act, subordinate law or disallowable instrument.
applying includes adopting or incorporating.
Note	See also s 157 (Defined terms and other parts of speech and grammatical forms).
disallowable instrument, for a Commonwealth Act, means a disallowable instrument under the Acts Interpretation Act 1901 (Cwlth), section 46A.
instrument includes a provision of an instrument, but does not include an ACT law or a law of another jurisdiction.
law of another jurisdiction means—
	(a)	a Commonwealth Act, or any regulations, rules, ordinance or disallowable instrument under a Commonwealth Act; or
	(b)	a State Act, or any regulations or rules under a State Act; or
	(c)	a New Zealand or Norfolk Island Act, or any regulations or rules under a New Zealand or Norfolk Island Act; or
	(d)	a provision of a law mentioned in paragraphs (a) to (c).
48	Power to make instrument includes power to make different provision for different categories etc (IA s 27E)
	(1)	Power given under an Act or statutory instrument to make a statutory instrument includes power—
	(a)	to make different provision in relation to different matters or different classes of matters; or
	(b)	to make an instrument that applies differently by reference to stated exceptions or factors.
	(2)	Without limiting subsection (1), power given under an Act or statutory instrument to make a statutory instrument about particular matters includes power to make a statutory instrument about any 1 or more of the matters or a particular class of the matters.
	(3)	For this section, a class may consist of a single matter.
	(4)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
49	Single instrument may exercise several powers or satisfy several requirements (IA s 27F)
	(1)	Power given under an Act or statutory instrument may be exercised with any other power to make a single instrument—
	(a)	whether or not the powers are exercised in relation to separate provisions, some of the same provisions, or all of the provisions, of the instrument; or
	(b)	whether or not the other powers are given under the same Act or statutory instrument, another Act or statutory instrument or any other Territory law.
	(2)	A statutory instrument is taken—
	(a)	to be made under each power given under Territory law under which it could be made; and
	(b)	to satisfy each requirement under Territory law that it could satisfy.
	(3)	Without limiting subsection (2), that subsection applies to an instrument even though—
	(a)	it is stated to be made under a particular Territory law (the authorising law) or a particular provision of the authorising law; and
	(b)	it is stated to be made for a particular Territory law (the requiring law) or a particular provision of the requiring law.
	(4)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
50	Relationship between authorising law and instrument dealing with same matter (IA s 27G)
	(1)	If an Act or statutory instrument (the authorising law) gives power to make a statutory instrument about a matter, the instrument may make provision in relation to a particular aspect of the matter even though provision is made by the authorising law in relation to another aspect of the matter or in relation to another matter.
	(2)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
51	Instrument may make provision in relation to land by reference to map etc (IA s 27GA)
	(1)	This section applies if an Act or statutory instrument authorises or requires provision to be made by statutory instrument in relation to land or waters.
	(2)	Provision may be made by reference to—
	(a)	a particular map or plan held by an entity; or
	(b)	a particular entry in a register kept by an entity;
if the map, plan or register is available for inspection by members of the public, whether or not on payment of a fee.
52	Instrument may authorise determination of matter etc
(IA s 27GB)
	(1)	This section applies if an Act or statutory instrument (the authorising law) authorises or requires provision to be made about a matter by statutory instrument.
	(2)	A statutory instrument made under the authorising law may make provision about the matter by authorising or requiring a stated entity to make provision about the matter, or any aspect of the matter, whether or not from time to time.
	(3)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
	(4)	In this section:
provision, for a matter, includes determining or regulating the matter, applying the instrument to the matter, being satisfied or forming an opinion about anything relating to the matter, or doing anything else in relation to the matter.
Example
If an Act provides that an application is to be in a prescribed form, regulations made under the Act may provide that the form is to be that approved by the Minister.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
53	Instrument may prohibit (IA s 27GC)
	(1)	If an Act or statutory instrument authorises or requires a matter to be regulated (however described) by statutory instrument, the power may be exercised by prohibiting by statutory instrument the matter or any aspect of the matter.
	(2)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
54	Instrument may require making of statutory declaration (IA s 27H)
	(1)	If an Act or statutory instrument (the authorising law) gives power to make a statutory instrument, the instrument may require the making of a statutory declaration.
Note	The Statutory Declarations Act 1959 (Cwlth) applies to the making of statutory declarations under ACT laws (see that Act, s 5).
	(2)	Subsection (1) applies—
	(a)	whether or not the authorising law authorises or requires penalties to be prescribed by instrument; and
	(b)	if the authorising law authorises or requires penalties to be prescribed by instrument—irrespective of the level of penalties that may be prescribed.
	(3)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.

Part 6.3	Making of certain statutory instruments about fees
    
55	Definitions for pt 6.3
In this part:
fee includes a charge or other amount.
provide a service includes exercise a function.
service includes a function or facility.
56	Determination of fees by disallowable instrument
	(1)	This section applies if an Act (the authorising law) authorises fees to be determined for 1 of the following (the relevant law):
	(a)	the authorising law; or
	(b)	another Act or statutory instrument.
	(2)	The authorising law authorises a fee to be determined in relation to any matter under or related to the relevant law.
	(3)	To remove any doubt, a fee may be determined for a provision of the relevant law even though the provision does not mention a fee.
Example
The X Act, section 15 provides for a person to apply for an approval but makes no mention of a fee for the approval.  However, section 79 (1) of the Act provides:
The Minister may, in writing, determine fees for this Act.
Because section 79 (1) permits a fee to be determined ‘for this Act’, the Legislation Act 2001, section 56 applies in relation to section 15 and the Minister may determine an application fee for the approval.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(4)	A fee may be determined—
	(a)	by specifying the fee; or
	(b)	by setting a rate, or providing a formula or other method, by which the fee is to be worked out; or
	(c)	by a combination of a specified fee and a rate, formula or other method.
Examples of different methods of determining fees
An instrument may determine a fee by specifying an amount (eg $250), or a rate (eg $7.50 per kilogram).  An instrument may also determine a fee by providing a formula.  For example, the fee for a licence issued for part of a year could be worked out using the following formula:

	(5)	The determination—
	(a)	must provide by whom the fee is payable; and
	(b)	must provide to whom the fee is to be paid; and
	(c)	may make provision about the circumstances in which the fee is payable; and
	(d)	may make provision about exempting a person from payment of the fee; and
	(e)	may make provision about when the fee is payable and how it is to be paid (for example, as a lump sum or by instalments); and
	(f)	may mention the service for which the fee is payable; and
	(g)	may make provision about waiving, postponing or refunding the fee (in whole or part); and
	(h)	may make provision about anything else relating to the fee.
Example for par (a)
a provision that the owner for the time being of a vehicle is liable for any unpaid registration fee
Examples for par (c)
1	a provision that a document prepared and submitted in accordance with a condition imposed under the Act be accompanied by a fee
2	a provision that royalty ceases to be payable if the percentage of recoverable minerals is less than the prescribed limit
Examples for par (e)
1	a provision that a levy is payable within 30 days after a sale of goods
2	a provision that, if a licensee fails to pay an instalment payable in the financial year within 14 days after the day it is payable, all remaining instalments payable in the financial year become payable
Example for par (g)
a provision that a stated official may waive all or part of a charge in stated circumstances, including if the official is satisfied about a stated circumstance
	(6)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
57	Fees payable in accordance with determination etc
	(1)	A fee determined by a disallowable instrument is payable by the person by whom the fee is payable under the determination, in relation to the service (if any) mentioned in the determination and in accordance with the determination, to the person to whom the fee is payable under the determination.
	(2)	If a service is mentioned in the determination, the fee is payable before the service is provided unless the determination provides otherwise.
	(3)	If the fee is payable in relation to a service mentioned in the determination and the fee has not been paid in accordance with the determination, no-one is obliged to provide the service.
Examples
1	If a fee for a service is payable in advance under a disallowable instrument and the fee is not paid, there is no obligation to provide the service.
2	If fees for services over a period of time are payable by instalment under a disallowable instrument and the person paying the fees falls behind in payments on the instalments, there is no obligation to provide further services for the person.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(4)	Subsection (3) applies to a service even though, apart from that subsection, someone is under a duty to provide the service.
Example
A provision of an Act provides that a registrar ‘must’ renew a licence if the holder of the licence applies to the registrar for its renewal before the end of the licence term.  If a fee is determined for renewal of the licence, the registrar is not required to renew the licence unless the fee is paid.
	(5)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
58	Regulations may make provision about fees
	(1)	This section applies if an Act (the authorising law)—
	(a)	authorises or requires fees to be determined for the authorising law, or another Act or a statutory instrument (the fees law); and
	(b)	the authorising law authorises the making of regulations by the Executive.
	(2)	Regulations under the authorising law may make provision in relation to—
	(a)	the payment, collection and recovery of determined fees; and
	(b)	the waiver, postponement or refund of the fees (in whole or part); and
	(c)	anything else about which provision may, under section 56 (Determination of fees by disallowable instrument), be made by determination in relation to determined fees.
	(3)	The power mentioned in subsection (2) (b) includes power to make provision in relation to an entitlement to a waiver, postponement or refund of determined fees in circumstances prescribed under the regulations (including the removal of a statutory capacity).
	(4)	Regulations or the authorising law may make provision in relation to the payment of determined fees by cheque or credit card, including, for example, the consequences of a cheque not being honoured on presentation or a credit card transaction not being honoured.
	(5)	Regulations or the authorising law may make provision in relation to the removal of a statutory capacity if any determined fee—
	(a)	is not paid when it is required to be paid; or
	(b)	is paid by cheque and the cheque is not honoured on presentation; or
	(c)	is paid by credit card and the credit card transaction is not honoured.
	(6)	Regulations or the authorising law may make provision in relation to the restoration of a statutory capacity (whether prospectively or during any past period).
	(7)	This section is in addition to any provision of the authorising law or fees law.
	(8)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
	(9)	In this section:
credit card includes debit card.
removal, of a statutory capacity, includes suspension, cancellation, revocation, withdrawal, surrender or other prescribed restriction or termination of a statutory capacity under the fees law or authorising law.
statutory capacity includes an accreditation, approval, assessment, authority, certificate, condition, decision, determination, exemption, licence, permission, permit, registration or other prescribed thing giving a status, privilege or benefit under the fees law or authorising law (whether or not required under either law for doing anything).

Part 6.4	Numbering and notification of registrable instruments
    
59	Numbering (SLA s 4 (1))
	(1)	The registrable instruments registered in each year must be numbered by the parliamentary counsel as nearly as practicable in the order in which they are notified.
	(2)	However, the parliamentary counsel may—
	(a)	allocate different kinds of statutory instruments to different series for numbering purposes; or 
	(b)	add distinguishing letters to numbers to indicate the kind of statutory instrument.
Examples
1	The parliamentary counsel may number subordinate laws, disallowable instruments, commencement notices and other registrable instruments in different series.
2	The parliamentary counsel could add the letters ‘SL’ to the numbers of registered subordinate laws, the letters ‘DI’ to the numbers of registered disallowable instruments and the letters ‘CN’ to the numbers of registered commencement notices.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(3)	Also, the regulations may provide that this section does not apply to a notifiable instrument of a kind prescribed under the regulations.
60	Correction of name of registrable instrument
	(1)	This section applies if a registrable instrument is unnamed or the name it gives to itself—
	(a)	includes a year that is not the year in which the instrument was made; or
	(b)	is the same as another registrable instrument that has been, or is to be, notified under this Act; or
	(c)	includes a number that is not consecutive with other registrable instruments that have been notified under this Act; or
	(d)	does not include a number that would give the instrument a unique name; or
	(e)	is otherwise not in accordance with current legislative drafting practice.
Example for par (c)
A registrable instrument has the name ‘XYZ Amendment Rule 2000 (No 5)’.  Registrable instruments with the names ‘XYZ Amendment Rule 2000 (No 1)’, ‘XYZ Amendment Rule 2000 (No 2)’ and ‘XYZ Amendment Rule 2000 (No 3)’ have already been notified under the Act
Example for par (d)
A registrable instrument has the name ‘XYZ Amendment Rule 2000 (No  )’.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
Example for par (e)
A registrable instrument has the name ‘XYY Amendment Order 2002 (No 1)’. The instrument was made under the XYZ Act 2000 (the authorising Act). The name of the instrument does not correctly reflect the name of the authorising Act.
	(2)	The parliamentary counsel is authorised, before notifying the registrable instrument under this Act—
	(a)	to add a name to an unnamed instrument; or
	(b)	to amend the instrument’s name to bring it into line with current legislative drafting practice.
	(3)	If the name of a registrable instrument is added or amended under this section, the instrument has effect for all purposes as if the instrument were made with the name as added or amended.
61	Notification of registrable instruments (SLA s 6 (1) (a), (2)‑(5))
	(1)	If a registrable instrument is made, the maker of, or the appropriate person for, the instrument may ask the parliamentary counsel to notify the making of the instrument.
	(2)	If the maker of, or appropriate person for, a registrable instrument asks the parliamentary counsel to notify the making of the instrument and complies with the requirements (if any) prescribed under the regulations (whether in relation to the form of the instrument, in relation to the making of the request or otherwise), the parliamentary counsel must—
	(a)	notify the making of the instrument in the register; or
	(b)	if it is not practicable to notify the making of the instrument in the register, or make the text of the instrument and the notification of its making accessible at 1 or more approved web sites, when the instrument is to be notified—notify the making of the instrument in the Gazette.
	(3)	The making of the registrable instrument is notified in the register by entering in the register—
	(a)	a statement that the instrument has been made; and
	(b)	the text of the instrument.
	(4)	The making of the registrable instrument is notified in the Gazette by—
	(a)	publishing the text of the instrument in the Gazette; or
	(b)	publishing in the Gazette a statement—
	(i)	that the instrument has been made; and
	(ii)	of the place or places where copies of the instrument can be purchased.
	(5)	If the making of the registrable instrument is notified in the Gazette, the parliamentary counsel must later enter in the register—
	(a)	a statement that the instrument has been made; and
	(b)	a statement that the instrument was notified in the Gazette on a stated date; and
	(c)	the text of the instrument.
	(6)	If the registrable instrument is notified in the Gazette by publishing the statement mentioned in subsection (4) (b), copies of the instrument must be available for purchase on the day of the publication (the Gazette date), or as soon as practicable after the Gazette date, at the place, or each of the places, stated in the Gazette.
	(7)	If on the Gazette date no copies of the registrable instrument are available for purchase at the place, or any of the places, stated in the Gazette, the parliamentary counsel must give the Minister a statement—
	(a)	that copies of the law were not available; and
	(b)	explaining why they were not available.
	(8)	The Minister must present the statement to the Legislative Assembly within 6 sitting days after the Gazette date.
	(9)	Despite subsection (2), the parliamentary counsel may notify the making of a registrable instrument even though a requirement prescribed under the regulations for subsection (2) (a prescribed requirement) is not complied with.
	(10)	Failure to comply with a prescribed requirement in relation to a registrable instrument does not affect the validity of the instrument’s notification.
	(11)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
	(12)	In this section:
appropriate person, for a registrable instrument, means—
	(a)	for a registrable instrument made or approved (however described) by the Executive—a Minister; and
	(b)	for rules of a court or tribunal—the registrar of the court or tribunal; and
	(c)	for a registrable instrument prescribed under the regulations—a person prescribed under the regulations as the appropriate person for the instrument.
62	Effect of failure to notify registrable instrument
	(1)	A registrable instrument is not enforceable by or against the Territory or anyone else unless it is notified.
	(2)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
63	References to notification of registrable instruments
In an Act or statutory instrument, a reference to the notification of a registrable instrument is a reference to the instrument having been notified in the register or Gazette.

Chapter 7	Presentation, amendment and disallowance of subordinate laws and disallowable instruments

Note to ch 7
In this chapter, a reference to a subordinate law or disallowable instrument includes a reference to a provision of a subordinate law or disallowable instrument (see s 8 (2) and s 9 (2)).
64	Presentation of subordinate laws and disallowable instruments
	(1)	A subordinate law or disallowable instrument must be presented to the Legislative Assembly within 6 sitting days after its notification day.
	(2)	If a subordinate law or disallowable instrument is not presented under subsection (1), it is taken to be repealed.
	(3)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
65	Disallowance by resolution of Assembly (SLA s 6 (7), (7A), (8), and s 10)
	(1)	This section applies if notice of a motion to disallow a subordinate law or disallowable instrument is given in the Legislative Assembly within 6 sitting days after it is presented to the Assembly.
	(2)	If the Legislative Assembly passes a resolution to disallow the subordinate law or disallowable instrument, it is taken to be repealed—
	(a)	on the day the disallowance is notified; or
	(b)	if the resolution provides that it takes effect on the day the resolution is passed—that day.
	(3)	For this chapter, the Legislative Assembly is taken to have passed a resolution to disallow the subordinate law or disallowable instrument if, at the end of 6 sitting days after the notice is given—
	(a)	the notice has not been withdrawn and the motion has not been called on; or
	(b)	the motion has been called on and moved, but has not been withdrawn or otherwise disposed of.
	(4)	If subsection (3) applies, the resolution is taken to be the resolution set out in the motion for the resolution.
	(5)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
65A	Notification of disallowance by resolution of Assembly (SLA s 6 (8) and s 10)
	(1)	If a subordinate law or disallowable instrument is disallowed, or taken to have been disallowed, under section 65 (Disallowance by resolution of Assembly), the Speaker must ask the parliamentary counsel to notify the disallowance.
	(2)	If the Speaker asks the parliamentary counsel to notify the disallowance, the parliamentary counsel must—
	(a)	notify the disallowance in the register; or
	(b)	if it is not practicable to notify the disallowance in the register, or make the text of the resolution and the notification of its making accessible at 1 or more approved web sites, when the disallowance is to be notified—notify the disallowance in the Gazette.
	(3)	If the Speaker asks the parliamentary counsel to notify the disallowance on a particular day, the parliamentary counsel must notify the disallowance on that day unless it is impracticable to do so.
	(4)	The disallowance is notified in the register by entering in the register—
	(a)	a statement that the subordinate law or disallowable instrument has been disallowed under section 65; and
	(b)	the text of the resolution passed, or taken to have been passed, by the Legislative Assembly under section 65; and
	(c)	the day when the resolution was passed or taken to have been passed; and
	(d)	the day when the subordinate law or disallowable instrument is taken to be repealed because of the resolution.
	(5)	The disallowance is notified in the Gazette by publishing in the Gazette—
	(a)	a statement that the subordinate law or disallowable instrument has been disallowed under section 65; and
	(b)	the text of the resolution passed, or taken to have been passed, by the Legislative Assembly under section 65; and
	(c)	the day when the resolution was passed or taken to have been passed; and
	(d)	the day when the subordinate law or disallowable instrument is taken to be repealed because of the resolution.
	(6)	If the disallowance is notified in the Gazette, the parliamentary counsel must later enter in the register—
	(a)	a statement that the subordinate law or disallowable instrument has been disallowed under section 65; and
	(b)	a statement that the disallowance was notified in the Gazette on a stated date; and
	(c)	the text of the resolution passed, or taken to have been passed, under section 65; and
	(d)	the day when the resolution was passed or taken to have been passed; and
	(e)	the day when the subordinate law or disallowable instrument is taken to be repealed because of the resolution.
	(7)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
66	Revival of affected laws (SLA s 6 (9), and s 10)
	(1)	This section applies if—
	(a)	a subordinate law or disallowable instrument (the disallowed law) is taken to be repealed under section 64 (Presentation of subordinate laws and disallowable instruments) or section 65 (Disallowance by resolution of Assembly); and
	(b)	the disallowed law repealed or amended an Act or statutory instrument (the affected law); and
	(c)	the repeal or amendment has commenced.
	(2)	The affected law is revived, from the beginning of the day after the disallowed law is taken to have been repealed, as if the disallowed law had never been made.
	(3)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
67	Making of instrument same in substance within 6 months after disallowance (SLA s 6 (10), (16), and s10)
	(1)	This section applies if a subordinate law or disallowable instrument (the disallowed law) is disallowed under section 65 (Disallowance by resolution of Assembly).
	(2)	A subordinate law or disallowable instrument the same in substance must not be made within 6 months after the disallowance unless the Legislative Assembly has—
	(a)	rescinded the resolution that disallowed the disallowed law; or
	(b)	by resolution, approved the making of—
	(i)	a subordinate law or disallowable instrument in those terms; or
	(ii)	a subordinate law or disallowable instrument the same in substance as the disallowed law.
	(3)	A subordinate law or disallowable instrument made in contravention of this section is void.
	(4)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
68	Amendment by resolution of Assembly (SLA s 6 (7A), (11), (13)‑(15), (17), (18), and s 10)
	(1)	In this section:
amendment does not include an amendment that would have the effect of waiving or changing any fee, charge, penalty or other amount payable to the Territory.
disallowable instrument does not include a determination of fees or charges by a Minister under an Act or subordinate law. 
	(2)	This section applies if notice of a motion to amend a subordinate law or disallowable instrument is given in the Legislative Assembly within 6 sitting days after it is presented to the Assembly.
	(3)	If the Legislative Assembly passes a resolution to amend the subordinate law or disallowable instrument, it is amended accordingly—
	(a)	on the day the amendment is notified; or
	(b)	if the resolution provides that it takes effect on the day the resolution is passed—that day.
	(4)	For this chapter, the Legislative Assembly is taken to have passed a resolution to amend the subordinate law or disallowable instrument if, at the end of 6 sitting days after the notice is given—
	(a)	the notice has not been withdrawn and the motion has not been called on; or
	(b)	the motion has been called on and moved, but has not been withdrawn or otherwise disposed of.
	(5)	If subsection (4) applies, the resolution is taken to be the resolution set out in the motion for the resolution.
	(6)	An amendment under this section has effect for all purposes as if it had been made by an Act.
	(7)	Without limiting subsection (6), section 83 (Consequences of amendment of statutory instrument by Act) applies to the amendment as if it had been made by an Act.
	(8)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
69	Notification of amendments made by resolution of Assembly (SLA s 6 (12), and s 10)
	(1)	If a subordinate law or disallowable instrument (the amended law) is amended under section 68 (Amendment by resolution of Assembly), the Speaker must ask the parliamentary counsel to notify the amendment.
	(2)	If the Speaker asks the parliamentary counsel to notify the amendment, the parliamentary counsel must—
	(a)	notify the amendment in the register; or
	(b)	if it is not practicable to notify the amendment in the register, or make the text of the resolution and the notification of its making accessible at 1 or more approved web sites, when the amendment is to be notified—notify the amendment in the Gazette.
	(3)	If the Speaker asks the parliamentary counsel to notify the amendment on a particular day, the parliamentary counsel must notify the amendment on that day unless it is impracticable to do so.
	(4)	The amendment is notified in the register by entering in the register—
	(a)	a statement that the amendment of the amended law has been made under section 68; and
	(b)	the text of the resolution passed, or taken to have been passed, by the Legislative Assembly under section 68; and
	(c)	the day when the resolution was passed or taken to have been passed; and
	(d)	the day when the subordinate law or disallowable instrument is taken to be amended because of the resolution.
	(5)	The amendment is notified in the Gazette by publishing in the Gazette—
	(a)	a statement that the amendment of the amended law has been made under section 68; and
	(b)	the text of the resolution passed, or taken to have been passed, by the Legislative Assembly under section 68; and
	(c)	the day when the resolution was passed or taken to have been passed; and
	(d)	the day when the subordinate law or disallowable instrument is taken to be amended because of the resolution.
	(6)	If the amendment is notified in the Gazette, the parliamentary counsel must later enter in the register—
	(a)	a statement that the amendment of the amended law has been made under section 68; and
	(b)	a statement that the amendment was notified in the Gazette on a stated date; and
	(c)	the text of the resolution passed, or taken to have been passed, by the Legislative Assembly under section 68; and
	(d)	the day when the resolution was passed or taken to have been passed; and
	(e)	the day when the subordinate law or disallowable instrument is taken to be amended because of the resolution.
	(7)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
70	Making of amendment restoring effect of law within 6 months after amendment (SLA s 6 (10), (16), and s 10)
	(1)	This section applies if a subordinate law or disallowable instrument (the amended law) is amended under section 68 (Amendment by resolution of Assembly).
	(2)	A subordinate law or disallowable instrument the same in substance as the amended law before the amendment (the earlier law) must not be made within 6 months after the making of the amendment unless the Legislative Assembly has—
	(a)	rescinded the resolution that made the amendment; or
	(b)	by resolution approved the making of—
	(i)	a subordinate law or disallowable instrument in those terms; or
	(ii)	a subordinate law or disallowable instrument the same in substance as the earlier law.
	(3)	A subordinate law or disallowable instrument made in contravention of this section is void.
	(4)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
71	Effect of dissolution or expiry of Assembly on notice of motion (SLA s 6 (7B), and s 10)
	(1)	This section applies if—
	(a)	notice of motion to disallow or amend a subordinate law or disallowable instrument is given in the Legislative Assembly within 6 sitting days after the instrument is presented to the Assembly; and
	(b)	within 6 sitting days after the notice is given, the Assembly is dissolved or expires; and
	(c)	at the time of the dissolution or expiry—
	(i)	the notice has not been withdrawn and the motion has not been called on; or
	(ii)	the motion has been called on and moved, but has not been withdrawn or otherwise disposed of.
	(2)	For this chapter, the subordinate law or disallowable instrument is taken to have been presented to the Legislative Assembly on the first sitting day of the Assembly after the next general election of members of the Assembly.
	(3)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.

Chapter 8	Commencement and exercise of powers before commencement

72	Meaning of law in ch 8
In this chapter:
law means an Act, subordinate law or disallowable instrument, and includes a provision of a law.
73	General rules about commencement (IA s 10, SLA s 6 (1) (b))
	(1)	An Act commences—
	(a)	on the day after its notification day; or
	(b)	if the Act provides for a different date or time of commencement—on that date or at that time.
	(2)	A subordinate law, disallowable instrument or notifiable instrument commences—
	(a)	on the day after its notification day; or
	(b)	if an Act or the instrument provides for a later date or time of commencement—on that date or at that time; or
	(c)	if an Act provides for an earlier date or time of commencement—on that date or at that time; or
	(d)	if the instrument, under authority given by an Act, provides for an earlier date or time—on that date or at that time.
Examples for par (b)
1	A subordinate law may provide that it commences on a stated future date or at a stated time on a stated future date.
2	A disallowable instrument may provide that it commences on the day, or immediately after, a stated law, or a stated provision of a stated law, commences.
3	A notifiable instrument may provide that it commences on the expiry of a stated statutory instrument.
4	A notifiable instrument may provide that it commences on the date fixed by a Commonwealth Minister, by notice in the Commonwealth Gazette, under a stated Commonwealth Act.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(3)	Without limiting subsection (2), if a subordinate law, disallowable instrument or notifiable instrument is notified on a day after the day or time provided by the instrument for its commencement, and subsection (2) (c) or (d) does not apply to the instrument—
	(a)	the instrument is valid; but
	(b)	the instrument commences on the day after its notification day.
	(4)	A statutory instrument that is not a registrable instrument commences—
	(a)	on the day it is made or, if it is required under an Act or statutory instrument to be approved (however described) by the Executive, a Minister or any other entity, the day it is approved; or
	(b)	if an Act or the instrument provides for a later date or time of commencement—on that date or at that time; or
	(c)	if an Act provides for an earlier date or time of commencement—on that date or at that time; or
	(d)	if the instrument, under authority given by an Act, provides for an earlier date or time—on that date or at that time.
	(5)	This section is subject to the following sections:
	(a)	section 75 (Commencement of naming and commencement provisions on notification day);
	(b)	section 76 (Non-prejudicial provision may commence retrospectively);
	(c)	section 79 (Automatic commencement of postponed law);
	(d)	section 81 (Exercise of powers between notification and commencement).
	(6)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
74	Time of commencement (IA s 10A)
	(1)	If an Act commences on a day, it commences at the beginning of the day unless a different time of commencement is provided by the Act, another Act, or a commencement notice providing for the commencement of the Act.
	(2)	If a statutory instrument commences on a day, it commences at the beginning of the day unless a different time of commencement is provided by the instrument, an Act, or a commencement notice providing for the commencement of the instrument.
75	Commencement of naming and commencement provisions on notification day (IA s 10B)
	(1)	The provisions of a law providing for its name and commencement automatically commence on its notification day.
Example
The XYZ Act 2002 was notified on 1 October 2002.  It contains the following provision:
2	Commencement
	This Act commences on 1 December 2002.
	The provisions of the XYZ Act 2002 providing for its name and commencement commence on 1 October 2002.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(2)	However, if a provision of the law is taken to have commenced before the law’s notification day, the naming and commencement provisions are taken to have automatically commenced—
	(a)	on that commencement; or
	(b)	if 2 or more provisions of the law are taken to have commenced at different times before the notification day—on the earlier or earliest of the commencements.
Example
2	Commencement
(1)	This Act, other than sections 9 and 10, commences on a day fixed by the Minister by written notice.
(2)	Section 9 is taken to have commenced on 1 July 2001.
(3)	Section 10 is taken to have commenced on 1 August 2001.
The provisions of the XYZ Act 2001 providing for its name and commencement are taken to have commenced on 1 July 2001.
	(3)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
76	Non–prejudicial provision may commence retrospectively (SLA s 7)
	(1)	A statutory instrument may provide that a non-prejudicial provision of the instrument commences retrospectively.
	(2)	This section applies to a non-prejudicial provision of a statutory instrument only if the instrument clearly indicates that the provision is to commence retrospectively.
Example
the instrument provides that a non-prejudicial provision is ‘taken to have commenced’ at an earlier date or time
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(3)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
	(4)	In this section:
non-prejudicial provision means a provision that does not operate to the disadvantage of a person (other than the Territory or a Territory authority or instrumentality) by—
	(a)	adversely affecting the person’s rights; or
	(b)	imposing liabilities on the person.
77	Commencement by commencement notice (IA s 10C)
	(1)	If a law or notifiable instrument is expressed to commence on a day fixed or otherwise determined by a notice—
	(a)	a single day, or a time on a single day, may be fixed or determined; or
	(b)	different days or times may be fixed or determined for different provisions.
Example
The Hypothetical Act 2001 is expressed to commence on a day to be fixed by the Minister by written notice. Unless the Act has commenced automatically in accordance with section 79 (Automatic commencement of postponed law), any of the following arrangements for commencement would be possible:
	(a)	a notice could fix a single day (eg 5 June 2001) for the entire Act to commence;
	(b)	a notice could fix a time on a single day (eg 8 pm on 5 June 2001) for the entire Act to commence;
	(c)	a notice could fix different days or times for the different provisions of the Act to commence (eg parts 7 and 9 and schedule 4 commence on 5 June 2001, part 11 commences at 5 pm on 30 June 2001, and the remaining provisions of the Act commence on 1 July 2001);
	(d)	a notice could fix a single day (eg 5 June 2001) or a time on a single day (eg 8 pm on 5 June 2001) for the provisions of the Act not already commenced to come into operation.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(2)	A commencement notice for a law or notifiable instrument is valid even if the day or time fixed or otherwise determined by the notice happens before the notice’s notification day.
	(3)	If the day or time fixed or otherwise determined by a commencement notice for a law or notifiable instrument happens on or before the notice’s notification day, the law or instrument commences on the day after the notice’s notification day.
	(4)	However, subsection (3) does not apply to the commencement notice if—
	(a)	the notice clearly indicates that the law or statutory instrument is to commence at an earlier date or time; and
	(b)	the notice provides for the earlier date or time under authority given by an Act.
Example for par (a)
the commencement notice provides that the law or statutory instrument is ‘taken to have commenced’ at the earlier date or time
	(5)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
78	Separate commencement of amendments
	(1)	Amendments made by a provision of a law may be given separate commencements, whether or not the provision is self-contained.
Examples
1	A provision of an amending law inserts 2 sections.  The sections may be given separate commencements.
2	A provision of an amending law inserts a section that is divided into paragraphs.  The paragraphs may be given separate commencements.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(2)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
79	Automatic commencement of postponed law (IA s 10E)
	(1)	If a postponed law has not commenced within 6 months beginning on the notification day, it automatically commences on the first day after that period.
Example
The Hypothetical Act 2001 was notified on 5 July 2001 and was expressed to commence on a day to be fixed by the Minister by written notice. If the Act had not commenced by notice on or before 4 January 2002, it would automatically commence on 5 January 2002.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(2)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
	(3)	In this section:
enact includes make.
notification day, for a postponed law, means the notification day of—
	(a)	if the postponed law is a law—the law; or
	(b)	if the postponed law is a provision of a law—the law that enacts the provision.
postponed law means a law or provision of a law that does not commence on the notification day because a law postpones its commencement until a day or time fixed or determined by a commencement notice.
80	References to commencement of law (IA s 11)
In a law, a reference to the commencement of the law, or another law, (the law concerned) is a reference to—
	(a)	if the provisions of the law concerned (other than those providing for its name and commencement) commence, or are required to commence, on a single day or at a single time—the commencement of the remaining provisions; or
	(b)	if paragraph (a) does not apply and the reference is in a provision of the law concerned—the commencement of the provision; or
	(c)	in any other case—the commencement of the relevant provision of the law concerned.
81	Exercise of powers between notification and commencement (SLA s 5)
	(1)	This section applies to a power to make an appointment or a statutory instrument, or to do anything else, in the following situations:
	(a)	the power is given by a law (the authorising law) that has been notified but has not commenced;
	(b)	the power is given by a law (the authorising law) as amended by another law (the amending law) and the laws have been notified, but all or any of them have not commenced.
	(2)	The power may be exercised at any time even though the authorising law, or the authorising and amending laws (or either of them), is not in force at the time.
	(3)	Also, anything else may be done under the power at any time for the purpose of bringing, or in relation to bringing, the authorising law, or the authorising law as amended by the amending law, into operation.
	(4)	If an appointment or statutory instrument made under this section declares that this subsection applies to it, then, unless the appointment or instrument commences on a different date or at a different time under another provision of this chapter, the appointment or instrument commences on—
	(a)	for an appointment or statutory instrument that is a registrable instrument—the day after its notification day; or
	(b)	for any other appointment or statutory instrument—the day it is made.
	(5)	In any other case, an appointment or statutory instrument made under this section commences on the latest of the following:
	(a)	the commencement of the authorising law or, if subsection (1) (b) applies and the amending law commences after the authorising law, the commencement of the amending law;
	(b)	on the day or at the time the appointment or instrument would have commenced if it had not been made under this section.
	(6)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.

Chapter 9	Repeal and amendment of laws
Part 9.1	General
    
82	Definitions for ch 9 (IA s 37)
In this chapter:
amend includes modify.
law means an Act, subordinate law or disallowable instrument, and includes a provision of a law.
repeal includes lapse and expiry.
83	Consequences of amendment of statutory instrument by Act (SLA s 8A)
	(1)	If an Act amends a statutory instrument, the instrument may be amended or repealed as if the amendment had been made by another statutory instrument of that kind.
	(2)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
84	Saving of operation of repealed and amended laws (IA s 41)
	(1)	The repeal or amendment of a law does not—
	(a)	revive anything not in force or existing when the repeal or amendment takes effect; or
	(b)	affect the previous operation of the law or anything done, begun or suffered under the law; or
	(c)	affect an existing right, privilege or liability acquired, accrued or incurred under the law.
	(2)	An investigation, proceeding or remedy in relation to an existing right, privilege or liability under the law may be begun, exercised, continued or completed, and the right, privilege or liability may be enforced and any penalty imposed, as if the repeal or amendment had not happened. 
	(3)	Without limiting subsections (1) and (2), the repeal or amendment of a law does not affect—
	(a)	the proof of anything that has happened; or
	(b)	any right, privilege or liability saved by the law.
	(4)	This section does not limit any other provision of this chapter and is in addition to any provision of the law by which the repeal or amendment is made.
	(5)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
	(6)	In this section:
liability includes liability to penalty for an offence against the law.
penalty includes punishment and forfeiture.
privilege includes immunity.
right includes capacity, interest, status and title. 
84A	Creation of offences and changes in penalties (IA s 33A)
	(1)	If a law makes an act or omission an offence, the act or omission is only an offence if done or not done after the law commences.
	(2)	If a law increases the maximum or minimum penalty, or the penalty, for an offence, the increase applies only to an offence committed after the law commences.
	(3)	If a law reduces the maximum or minimum penalty, or the penalty, for an offence, the reduction applies to an offence committed before or after the law commences, but does not affect any penalty imposed before the law commences.
	(4)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.

Part 9.2	Repeal
    
85	When repeal takes effect (IA s 38)
	(1)	This section applies if a law is repealed on a day.
	(2)	If the law is remade on that day (with or without changes), the repeal takes effect when the remade law commences.
Note	Under s 74, if a law commences on a day, it commences at the beginning of the day unless otherwise provided.
	(3)	If the law is not remade on that day (with or without changes), the law continues in force until the end of the day and the repeal takes effect at midnight on the day.
86	Repealed and amended laws not revived on repeal of repealing and amending laws (IA s 39)
	(1)	If a law (the first law) is repealed by another law (the other law), the first law is not revived only because the other law is repealed.
Examples
1	Act A repeals Act B. Act A is repealed. The repeal of Act A does not revive Act B.
2	Act A repeals Act B. Act A is automatically repealed under this Act, section 89 (Automatic repeal of certain laws and provisions).  The repeal of Act A does not revive Act B.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(2)	If a law (the first law) is amended by another law (the other law), the continuing operation of the amendments made by the other law is not affected only because the other law is repealed and, in particular, the first law is not revived in the form in which it was in before the amendments took effect only because of the repeal.
Examples
1	Act A amends Act B. Act A is repealed after it has commenced by a later Act C. The amendments made by Act A continue to operate, even though Act A has been repealed.
2	Act A amends Act B. Act A is automatically repealed under this Act, section 89. The amendments made by Act A continue to operate, even though Act A has been repealed.
	(3)	This section does not limit any other provision of this chapter and is in addition to any provision of the law by which the repeal is made.
	(4)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
	(5)	In this section:
amended does not include modified.
law includes a rule of the common law (including equity).
Examples
1	a common law offence
2	a common law rule of practice or procedure
3	a right to equitable relief
87	Commencement not undone if repealed (IA s 40)
	(1)	If a provision of a law providing for the commencement of the law is repealed after the law has commenced, the repeal of the provision does not affect the continuing operation of the law.
	(2)	If a commencement notice providing for the commencement of a law is repealed after the law has commenced, the repeal of the notice does not affect the continuing operation of the law.
	(3)	This section does not limit any other provision of this chapter and is in addition to any provision of the law by which the repeal is made.
	(4)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
88	Repeal does not end effect of transitional laws etc (IA s 42)
	(1)	If a law—
	(a)	declares something for a transitional purpose (whether or not the law is expressed to be made for that purpose); or
	(b)	validates something that is or may otherwise be invalid; or
	(c)	declares something for a purpose that is consequential on a declaration mentioned in paragraph (a) or a validation mentioned in paragraph (b) (whether or not the law is expressed to be made for a purpose of that kind);
the declaratory or validating effect of the law does not end only because of the repeal of the law. 
Example for par (a)
a provision stating that an existing licence under a repealed Act is taken to be a licence of a particular kind under another Act and authorising the imposition of conditions under the other Act
Example for par (b)
a provision declaring an instrument to have been validly made and acts done in reliance on the instrument to have been validly done
Example for par (c)
a provision stating that an instrument that is declared valid is taken to have been amended in a particular way
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(2)	If a law (the savings law) declares a law (the declared law) to be a law to which this section applies—
	(a)	the effect of the declared law does not end only because of its repeal; and
	(b)	the effect of the savings law does not end only because of its repeal.
	(3)	A declaration may be made for subsection (2) about a law whether or not the Act is a law to which subsection (1) applies.
	(4)	A declaration made for subsection (2) about a law does not imply that, in the absence of a declaration about it, another law is not a law to which this section applies.
	(5)	This section does not limit any other provision of this chapter and is in addition to any provision of the law by which the repeal is made.
	(6)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
89	Automatic repeal of certain laws and provisions (IA s 43)
	(1)	An amending law is automatically repealed on the day after all of its provisions have commenced.
	(2)	An appropriation Act is automatically repealed on the last day of the financial year for which it makes appropriations.
	(3)	An amending provision of a law is automatically repealed immediately after all of the amendments and repeals made by it (or to which it relates) have commenced.
	(4)	A commencement provision of a law is automatically repealed immediately after all of the provisions of the law have commenced.
	(5)	A commencement notice is automatically repealed on the day after the day, or the last of the days, fixed or otherwise determined by the notice for the commencement of a law.
	(6)	If an instrument making, or evidencing, an appointment (including an acting appointment) is a registrable instrument, the instrument is automatically repealed on the day the appointment ends.
	(7)	A repeal under this section has effect for all purposes, including, for example, any other provisions of this chapter about repeals.
	(8)	This section does not limit any other provision of this chapter.
	(9)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
	(10)	In this section:
amend does not include modify.
amending law means a law that consists only of provisions of the following kinds:
	(a)	for an Act—the Act’s long title;
	(b)	for an Act—the Act’s preamble (if any);
	(c)	a provision about the law’s name;
	(d)	a provision about the law’s commencement;
	(e)	a provision about the purposes of the law or any of its provisions;
	(f)	a provision about the effect of notes;
	(g)	a provision providing for the amendment or repeal of a law or statutory instrument (including a provision identifying the amended or repealed law or statutory instrument);
	(h)	a provision declaring a law to be a law to which section 88 (Repeal does not end transitional or validating effect etc) applies;
	(i)	a provision about the renumbering of a law;
	(j)	a provision authorising or requiring something to be done under chapter 11 (Republication of Acts and statutory instruments).
amending provision, of a law, means a provision of the law that only amends or repeals a law or statutory instrument, and includes any other provision (for example, a schedule) of the law that only identifies the law or instrument amended or repealed.
appropriation Act—see the Financial Management Act 1996, dictionary.
commencement provision, of a law, means a provision of the law that only provides for the commencement of the law.
Example 1 for s 89
The Hypothetical Amending Act 2002 repeals and amends a number of Acts.  The Act contains the following provisions:
	a long title
	a provision about the Act’s name
	a provision about the Act’s commencement
	repealing provisions (that is, a provision stating that the Act repeals the Acts mentioned in schedule 1 and a schedule (schedule 1) setting out the names of the repealed Acts)
	amending provisions (that is, a provision stating that the Act amends the Acts mentioned in schedule 2 and a schedule (schedule 2) setting out the amended Acts and the amendments of them)
	a provision about the application of this Act, section 88 (Repeal does not end transitional or validating effect etc) to a provision being repealed
·	a provision requiring an amended Act (the XYZ Act 1990), or a provision of the XYZ Act 1990, to be renumbered in the next republication of the Act under this Act.
The Act contains no other provisions. Its repealing provisions, and its other provisions apart from the naming provision, the commencement provision and the amending provisions, commence on the day after its notification day, 22 March 2002. Its amending provisions commence on a date fixed by the Minister by written notice, 12 April 2002.
Example 2 for s 89
The Example Act 2001 contains provisions establishing a new licensing scheme. It also amends several Acts and repeals others. Because it contains the scheme provisions, it is not an amending law covered by subsection (1).
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).

Part 9.3	Amendment
    
90	Law and amending laws to be read as one (IA s 44)
A law and all laws amending it are to be read as one.
91	Insertion of provisions by amending law (IA s 45)
	(1)	This section applies if a law (the amending law) amends another law (the amended law) by inserting any of the following provisions, and does not exactly specify the position in the amended law where it is to be inserted:
	(a)	a chapter, part, division, subdivision, section or subsection (an inserted chapter, part, division, subdivision, section or subsection);
	(b)	a paragraph (an inserted paragraph);
	(c)	a subparagraph (an inserted subparagraph);
	(d)	a sub-subparagraph (an inserted sub-subparagraph);
	(e)	a definition (an inserted definition);
	(f)	any other provision (a miscellaneous inserted provision).
	(2)	An inserted chapter, part, division, subdivision, section or subsection is inserted in the appropriate numerical or alphanumerical position in the amended law.
	(3)	An inserted paragraph is inserted in the appropriate alphabetical position in the amended law.
	(4)	An inserted subparagraph is inserted in the appropriate numerical or alphanumerical position in the amended law.
	(5)	An inserted sub-subparagraph is inserted in the appropriate alphabetical position in the amended law.
	(6)	An inserted definition is inserted in the appropriate alphabetical position (worked out on a letter-by-letter basis) in a series of definitions in the amended law.
	(7)	A miscellaneous inserted provision is inserted in the appropriate position in the amended law.
	(8)	In applying this section to a subordinate law or disallowable instrument or to a provision of a schedule to an Act, a reference to a section or subsection is a reference to a corresponding provision of the law, instrument or schedule.
	(9)	In working out the appropriate position where a provision is to be inserted in the amended law, regard may be had to the following:
	(a)	the provision number or letter;
	(b)	the heading of the relevant amending provision of the amending Act;
	(c)	any other amendments in the amending law including the order of amendments;
	(d)	anything else in the amending law or amended law;
	(e)	current legislative drafting practice.
Examples
1	If a part numbered ‘3’ is to be inserted into an amended law with an existing sequence of parts ‘part 1—part 2—part 4’, inserted part 3 is inserted between parts 2 and 4.
2	If a division numbered ‘2.2A’ is to be inserted into an amended law with an existing sequence of divisions in part 2 ‘division 2.1—division 2.2—division 2.3’, inserted division 2.2A is inserted between divisions 2.2 and 2.3.
3	If a section numbered ‘6AA’ is to be inserted into an amended law with an existing sequence of sections ‘section 6—section 6A—section 6B’, inserted section 6AA is inserted between sections 6A and 6B.
4	If a section numbered ‘7A’ is to be inserted, by an amending section headed ‘Division 2.2, new section 7A’, into an amended law with an existing sequence ‘section 7 [in division 2.2]—division 2.3 [heading]—section 8’, inserted section 7A is inserted between section 7 and the heading to division 2.3 (that is, at the end of division 2.2).
5	If a section numbered ‘7A’ is to be inserted, by an amending section headed ‘Division 2.3, new section 7A’, into an amended law with an existing sequence ‘section 7 [in division 2.2]—division 2.3 [heading]—section 8’, inserted section 7A is inserted between the heading to division 2.3 and section 8 (that is, at the beginning of division 2.3).
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(10)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
	(11)	In this section:
insert includes relocate.
92	Amendment to be made wherever possible (IA s 46)
	(1)	If a law amends another law—
	(a)	by omitting a word; or
	(b)	by substituting a word for another word; or
	(c)	by inserting a word before or after a particular word;
the amendment is to be made wherever possible in the other law.
Example
The XYZ Amendment Act 2002 is expressed to omit the word ‘authorised’ from the ABC Act 1998, section 20.  The word ‘authorised’ is used once in section 20 heading, 3 times in section 20 (1) and twice in section 20 (3).  The amendment omits each of those references to the word ‘authorised’.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(2)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
93	Provisions included in another provision for amendment purposes (IA s 46A)
	(1)	This section applies for the purpose of amending a law.
	(2)	The heading to a chapter, part, division, subdivision, schedule, dictionary, section or any other provision of the law forms part of the provision to which it is a heading.
	(3)	An example at the end of a provision of the law is part of the provision unless the example is expressed in a way that indicates that it applies only to another provision.
	(4)	A note at the end of a provision of the law is taken, for this section, to be part of the provision unless the note is expressed in a way that indicates that it applies only to another provision.
	(5)	However, a note in a law is not, for any other purpose, part of the law.
Note	Section 127 (Material that is not part of an Act or statutory instrument) deals with the status of notes.
	(6)	A penalty at the end of a subsection of the law—
	(a)	is part of the subsection unless the penalty is expressed in a way that indicates that it applies only to other subsections of the section; or
	(b)	if the penalty is expressed in a way that indicates that it applies only to other subsections—is part of the section.
	(7)	A penalty at the end of a section of the law that is not divided into subsections is part of the section.
	(8)	The word ‘and’, ‘or’ or ‘but’, or a similar word, at the end of a paragraph, subparagraph, sub-subparagraph or another provision of the law is part of the provision.
	(9)	In working out whether an example or note is at the end of a provision of the law, any penalty is to be disregarded, and, for an example, any note is to be disregarded.
Note	According to current legislative drafting practice, examples, notes and penalties to a provision are arranged in the following order at the end of provisions:
	1	penalty (first)
	2	examples
	3	notes (last).
	(10)	In applying this section to a subordinate law or disallowable instrument or to a provision of a schedule to an Act, a reference to a section or subsection is a reference to a corresponding provision of the law, instrument or schedule.
	(11)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
94	Continuance of appointments etc made under amended provisions (IA s 47)
	(1)	This section applies if—
	(a)	a law expressly or impliedly authorises or requires—
	(i)	the making of an appointment or statutory instrument; or
	(ii)	the delegation of a function; or
	(iii)	the issue of a licence or permit (however described); or
	(iv)	the doing (however described) of anything else; and
	(b)	the law is amended by another law; and
	(c)	under the amended law—
	(i)	the appointment or statutory instrument may be made; or
	(ii)	the function may be delegated; or
	(iii)	the licence or permit may be issued; or
	(iv)	the thing may be done; 
whether by the same or a different entity.
Examples for par (a) (iv)
1	the giving of an approval, consent or permission
2	the making of a recommendation
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(2)	An appointment, statutory instrument, delegation, licence, permit or other thing mentioned in subsection (1) that was in force immediately before the commencement of the amendment continues to have effect as if it had been made, issued or done (however described) under the amended law.
	(3)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
	(4)	In this section:
amend includes omit and re-enact in the same law (with or without changes), but does not include omit and re-enact in another law.
95	Status of modifications (IA s 48)
	(1)	If a law is modified by another law, the law operates as modified but the modification does not amend the text of the law.
	(2)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
96	Relocated provisions (IA s 49)
	(1)	This section applies if a provision of a law is relocated (with or without changes) to a different place in the same law or to a different law.
	(2)	The operation or meaning of the provision is not affected only because of the provision’s relocation.
	(3)	Without limiting subsection (2), if before its relocation the provision was to be interpreted in a particular way, it is to be interpreted in that way in its new location.
Example
If a provision of an Act is to be interpreted as if it were a law consolidating the provisions of other laws and it is relocated into another Act, it is to be interpreted in the same way in its new location.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(4)	However, the provision has effect subject to any changes made to it.
	(5)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.

Chapter 10	Referring to laws

97	References to law or instrument include law or instrument containing reference (IA s 50 (2))
	(1)	In a law, a reference in general terms to a law of the same kind includes a reference to the law itself.
Example
The ABC Act 2001, section 27 gives a power to confiscate property under certain circumstances.  Section 93 of the same Act provides ‘If an Act authorises the confiscation of property, the owner of the property has a right of appeal to the Magistrates Court.’  The right of appeal under section 93 also applies to the power given by section 27.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(2)	In an instrument, a reference in general terms to an instrument of the same kind includes a reference to the instrument itself.
	(3)	In this section:
instrument means an instrument (other than a law) made or in force under a law.
law means an Act, subordinate law or disallowable instrument.
98	Referring to laws in general terms (IA s 50 (1))
	(1)	Every Act may be referred to by the word ‘Act’ alone.
Example
A former NSW Act may be referred to by using the name of the NSW Act to which it corresponds eg ‘Truck Act 1900’.  In other words, it is not necessary to add words indicating that it is a former NSW Act.
	(2)	Every statutory instrument may be referred to using words to describe the kind of instrument alone.
99	Referring to particular Acts (IA s 51)
	(1)	An Act may be referred to by—
	(a)	the name the Act gives to itself; or
	(b)	the year when it was enacted and its number.
	(2)	A Commonwealth Act may be referred to—
	(a)	by the name the Act gives to itself; or
	(b)	in any other way sufficient in a Commonwealth Act for referring to a Commonwealth Act;
together with a reference to the Commonwealth (or an abbreviation of the Commonwealth).
	(3)	An Act or ordinance of a State or another Territory may be referred to—
	(a)	by the name the Act or ordinance gives to itself; or
	(b)	in any other way sufficient in an Act or ordinance of the State or other Territory for referring to such an Act or ordinance;
together with (unless it is a former NSW Act) a reference to the State or other Territory (or an abbreviation of it).
	(4)	A UK Act may be referred to—
	(a)	by the name the Act gives to itself; or
	(b)	in any other way sufficient in a UK Act for referring to a UK Act;
together with (unless it is a former UK Act) a reference to the United Kingdom (or an abbreviation of the United Kingdom).
100	Referring to statutory instruments (IA s 52, SLA s 4 (2))
	(1)	A statutory instrument (including a subordinate law or disallowable instrument) may be referred to by—
	(a)	any name the instrument gives to itself; or
	(b)	if the instrument was numbered under this Act or another Territory law—the year when it was made and its number, together with a reference (if necessary) to the kind of instrument; or
	(c)	reference to—
	(i)	if the instrument was notified in the register under this Act—the date when it was notified in the register, together with a reference to the Act or statutory instrument under which it was made; or
	(ii)	if the instrument was published or notified in the Gazette before the commencement of this Act—the number, date and pages of the Gazette where it was published or notified; or
	(iii)	for any instrument—the date when it was made, together with a reference to the Act or statutory instrument under which it was made.
	(2)	An instrument made or in force under a Commonwealth Act, or under an instrument made or in force under a Commonwealth Act, may be referred to—
	(a)	by any name the instrument gives to itself; or
	(b)	in another way sufficient in a Commonwealth Act for the referring to such an instrument;
together with a reference to the Commonwealth (or an abbreviation of the Commonwealth).
	(3)	An instrument made or in force under an Act or ordinance of a State or another Territory, or under an instrument made or in force under such an Act or ordinance, may be referred to—
	(a)	by any name the instrument gives to itself; or
	(b)	in another way sufficient in an Act or ordinance of the State or other Territory for referring to such an instrument;
together with (unless it is a New South Wales instrument applying in the Territory) a reference to the State or other Territory (or an abbreviation of it).
	(4)	An instrument made or in force under a UK Act, or under an instrument made or in force under a UK Act, may be referred to—
	(a)	by any name the instrument gives to itself; or
	(b)	in another way sufficient in a UK Act for referring to such an instrument;
together with (unless it is a UK instrument applying in the Territory) a reference to the United Kingdom (or an abbreviation of the United Kingdom).
101	Referring to provisions of laws or instruments (IA s 53)
	(1)	A provision of a law or instrument may, if appropriate, be referred to by reference to the provision of the law or instrument in which it is contained.
Example
Paragraph (b) of subsection (2) of section 10 of an Act may be cited by reference to the section, subsection and paragraph, that is, as section 10 (2) (b).
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(2)	In this section:
instrument means an instrument (other than a law) made or in force under 	a law.
law means—
	(a)	an Act, subordinate law or disallowable instrument; or
	(b)	a law of the Commonwealth, a State or another Territory.
101A	Reference to provisions of law or instrument is inclusive (IA s 14)
	(1)	In an Act or statutory instrument, a reference to any part of a law or instrument is a reference to the following:
	(a)	the provision of the law or instrument that forms the beginning of the part;
	(b)	the provision of the law or instrument that forms the end of the part;
	(c)	any provision of the law or instrument between the beginning and end of the part.
Examples
1	A reference to ‘sections 5 to 9’ includes both section 5 and section 9.
2	A reference to ‘sections 260 to 264’ includes a provision such as a part heading between section 260 and 261.
3	A reference to ‘from child to adult’ includes both the word ‘child’ and the word ‘adult’.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(2)	In this section:
instrument means an instrument (other than a law) made or in force under a law.
law means—
	(a)	an Act, subordinate law or disallowable instrument; or
	(b)	a law of the Commonwealth, a State or another Territory.
101B	References to paragraphs etc (IA s 12A)
	(1)	In an Act or statutory instrument, a reference to a paragraph of a provision of an Act or statutory instrument includes any words in the provision before or after the paragraph that are necessary or desirable to make the reference meaningful.
Example
A section or subsection (or corresponding provisions in regulations) may be divided into paragraphs as follows:
‘(2)	An application must be—
	(a)	in writing; and
	(b)	accompanied by a copy of the advertisement of the applicant’s intention to apply.’
Paragraphs form part of the sentence in which they are contained.  A reference to paragraph (a) in this example that did not include the preceding words ‘An application must be’ would be meaningless.  Section 101B therefore allows the paragraph to be read with those words so that it makes sense.
Note 1	Although this section contains 2 references to an Act or statutory instrument, s 97 makes it clear that they may be the same Act or statutory instrument.
Note 2	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(2)	In this section:
paragraph includes a subparagraph and a sub-subparagraph.
102	Meaning of references to a law or instrument generally (IA s 54)
	(1)	In an Act or statutory instrument, a reference to a law or instrument includes a reference to the following:
	(a)	the law or instrument as originally made, and as amended from time to time since it was originally made;
	(b)	if the law or instrument has been repealed and remade (with or without changes) since the reference was made—the law or instrument as remade, and as amended from time to time since it was remade;
	(c)	if a relevant provision of the law or instrument has been omitted and remade (with or without changes) in another law or instrument since the reference was made—the other law or instrument as in force when the provision was remade, and as amended from time to time since the provision was remade.
	(2)	In an Act or statutory instrument, a reference to a provision of a law or instrument includes a reference to the following:
	(a)	the provision as originally made, and as amended from time to time since it was originally made;
	(b)	if the provision has been omitted and remade (with or without changes and whether in the law or instrument or another law or instrument) since the reference was made—the provision as remade, and as amended from time to time since it was remade.
	(3)	In this section:
instrument means an instrument (other than a law) made or in force under a law.
law means—
	(a)	an Act, subordinate law or disallowable instrument; or
	(b)	a law of the Commonwealth, a State or another Territory.
make includes enact.
103	References to laws and instruments with amended names (IA s 55)
	(1)	If the name of a law or instrument is amended, a reference in an Act or statutory instrument to the name includes a reference to the name as amended.
	(2)	In this section:
instrument means an instrument (other than a law) made or in force under 	a law.
law means—
	(a)	an Act, subordinate law or disallowable instrument; or
	(b)	a law of the Commonwealth, a State or another Territory.
104	References to laws include references to instruments under laws (IA s 55A)
	(1)	In an Act or statutory instrument a reference (either generally or specifically) to an Act or statutory instrument, or to a provision of an Act or statutory instrument, includes a reference to the statutory instruments made or in force under the Act, instrument or provision.
	(2)	In subsection (1), a reference to the statutory instruments made or in force under the Act, instrument or provision includes a reference to any law or instrument (within the meaning of section 47), or provision of a law or instrument (within the meaning of that section), applied, adopted or incorporated (with or without change) under the Act, instrument or provision.
Note	Section 47 authorises an Act, subordinate law or disallowable instrument to make provision about a matter by applying, adopting or incorporating a law or instrument (as defined in that section) or a provision of a law or instrument.
	(3)	In an Act or statutory instrument a reference (either generally or specifically) to an Act, ordinance or statutory instrument of another jurisdiction, or to a provision of an Act, ordinance or statutory instrument of another jurisdiction, includes a reference to the statutory instruments made or in force under the Act, ordinance, instrument or provision.
	(4)	In subsection (3):
another jurisdiction means the Commonwealth, a State or another Territory.
statutory instrument means an instrument (whether of a legislative or administrative nature) made or in force under the Act, ordinance or statutory instrument concerned.
105	References in statutory instruments to the Act (IA s 55B)
In a statutory instrument, a reference to Act or the Act, without mentioning a particular Act, is a reference to the Act under which the instrument is made or in force.
106	References to repealed laws (IA s 55C)
	(1)	If an Act or statutory instrument refers to a law as repealed, the reference is a reference to the law as in force immediately before it was repealed.
Example
A reference to the ‘XYZ Act 2000 (repealed)’ is a reference to the XYZ Act 2000 immediately before it was repealed.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(2)	In this section:
law means—
	(a)	an Act, subordinate law or statutory instrument; or
	(b)	a law of the Commonwealth, a State or another Territory.

Chapter 11	Republication of Acts and statutory instruments
Part 11.1	General
    
107	Meaning of law in ch 11 (LRA s 5, def of law and s 8 (2))
In this chapter:
law means an Act or statutory instrument, whether or not it has been amended, and includes—
	(a)	a collection of 2 or more Acts or statutory instruments; or
	(b)	an agreement or other instrument that has the force of law or is in, or attached to, an Act or statutory instrument.
108	Republication in register
	(1)	The parliamentary counsel may republish a law by entering the text of the law in the register.
	(2)	Subsection (1) does not limit the ways in which the parliamentary counsel may republish a law.
109	Republications may be published with other information
The parliamentary counsel may publish information not required by this chapter with a printed or electronic version of an authorised republication if the parliamentary counsel considers that the information is likely to be useful to users of the republication.
110	Collections of laws (LRA s 19A)
	(1)	If the parliamentary counsel authorises under this Act the republication of 2 or more laws in a collection, this chapter applies to each of the laws in the collection as if it were republished separately.
	(2)	Subsection (1) does not prevent the use of—
	(a)	a single contents for the collection; or 
	(b)	information applying to 2 or more laws in the collection.

Part 11.2	Substantive amendments made by laws
    
111	Incorporation of amendments (LRA s 10)
	(1)	This section applies to a law if the law has been amended by another law by the omission, insertion, substitution, renumbering or relocation of provisions.
	(2)	An authorised republication of the law must show the law as amended by all amendments that commenced on or before the day stated on the republication as the republication date.
	(3)	An authorised republication of the law may also incorporate necessary consequential amendments, whether of punctuation, numbering or another kind.
	(4)	This section does not prevent an authorised republication of the law showing the law as it would be amended by amendments that have not commenced on or before the republication date if the republication indicates, in a suitable place, that the amendments have not commenced.
112	Reference to amending laws (LRA s 11 (1))
	An authorised republication of a law that shows the law as amended must include, in a suitable place, a reference to the law by which each amendment was made.
113	Provisions not republished or relocated (LRA s 12)
	(1)	This part does not require—
	(a)	every provision of a law to be shown in an authorised republication of the law; or
	(b)	each provision of a law to be shown in an authorised republication of the law in the place in the law where it was located when the provision was made.
	(2)	If a provision of a law is not shown in an authorised republication, the republication must indicate that fact in a suitable place.
	(3)	If a provision of a law is shown in an authorised republication in a different place in the law to the place where it was located when the provision was made, the republication must indicate that fact in a suitable place.

Part 11.3	Editorial changes
    
114	Authorisation for parliamentary counsel (LRA s 13, s 19)
In preparing a law for republication, the parliamentary counsel is authorised—
	(a)	to make editorial amendments and other textual amendments of a formal nature that the parliamentary counsel considers desirable to bring the law into line, or more closely into line, with current legislative drafting practice; and
	(b)	to make other editorial changes by way of format, layout or printing style, or in any other presentational respect, that the parliamentary counsel considers desirable to bring the law into line, or more closely into line, with current legislative drafting practice.
115	Amendments not to change effect (LRA s 14)
This part does not permit the making of an amendment of a law that would change the effect of the law.
116	Ambit of editorial amendments (LRA s 15)
	(1)	An editorial amendment of a law is an amendment that—
	(a)	corrects a typographical error; or
	(b)	corrects or updates a reference to a law, position, entity, place or thing; or
	(c)	goes only to a matter of spelling, punctuation, grammar or syntax or the use of conjunctives and disjunctives; or
	(d)	changes the name of the law or of a provision of the law; or
	(e)	numbers or renumbers a provision of the law; or
	(f)	changes the order of definitions or other provisions of the law; or
	(g)	replaces a reference to a provision of a law with a different form of reference to the provision; or
	(h)	changes the way of referring to or expressing a number, year, date, time, amount of money, penalty, quantity, measurement, or other matter, idea or concept; or
	(i)	replaces a word indicating gender or that could be taken to indicate gender in accordance with current legislative drafting practice; or
	(j)	replaces a reference to the Queen, the King or the Crown with a reference to the Sovereign or the Territory; or
	(k)	omits—
	(i)	the enacting words or the law-making words (including any signatures); or
	(ii)	a provision that consists only of a description of how the law is arranged into groups of provisions; or
	(iii)	a provision that has expired, the operation of which is exhausted or spent or that is otherwise obsolete or redundant; or
	(l)	omits, inserts or changes a referential expression; or
	(m)	inserts, omits or changes a note; or
	(n)	updates a reference to the heading to a provision; or
	(o)	is consequential on any other editorial amendment (whether made to that law or another law).
	(2)	In this section:
law includes a law of the Commonwealth, a State, another Territory or a foreign country.
117	Legal effect of editorial changes (LRA s 16)
	(1)	A law that is amended or otherwise changed under this part in preparing an authorised republication of the law has effect for all purposes, on and after the republication date, as if the changes had been made by an Act that commenced on the republication date.
	(2)	Without limiting subsection (1), section 83 (Consequences of amendment of statutory instrument by Act) applies to an amendment made under this part as if the amendment had been made by an Act.
	(3)	This section is subject to section 115 (Amendments not to change effect).
118	Reference to editorial amendments (LRA s 17)
If a law is amended under this part in preparing an authorised republication of the law, the republication must indicate that fact in a suitable place.

Chapter 12	Scope of Acts and statutory instruments

120	Act to be interpreted not to exceed legislative powers of Assembly (IA s 11AA)
	(1)	An Act is to be interpreted as operating to the full extent of, but not to exceed, the legislative power of the Legislative Assembly.
	(2)	Without limiting subsection (1), if a provision of an Act would, apart from this section, be interpreted as exceeding the legislative power of the Legislative Assembly—
	(a)	the provision is valid to the extent to which it does not exceed power; and
	(b)	the remainder of the Act is not affected.
	(3)	Without limiting subsection (1), if the application of a provision of an Act to a matter would, apart from this section, be interpreted as exceeding power, the provision’s application to other matters is not affected.
	(4)	This section is in addition to any provision of the Act itself.
Note	For the equivalent provision for statutory instruments, see s 43.
	(5)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
121	Binding effect of Acts (IA s 7)
	(1)	An Act binds everyone, including all governments.
Note	See the Self-Government Act, s 27 which provides that, except as provided by the regulations under that Act, an ACT enactment does not bind the Crown in right of the Commonwealth.  See also s 120.
	(2)	However, an Act does not bind the Territory to the extent that it requires or otherwise provides for the payment of money that, on payment, would form part of the public money of the Territory.
	(3)	Also, subsection (1) does not make a government liable to be prosecuted for an offence.
	(4)	To the extent that an Act does not bind a government, the same degree of immunity extends to a government entity in relation to an authorised act or omission of the entity.
	(5)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
	(6)	In this section:
authorised—an act or omission of a government entity is authorised if—
	(a)	for an instrumentality—the act or omission relates to a matter within the scope of the instrumentality’s functions; and
	(b)	for an officer or employee of the government—the act or omission relates to a matter within the scope of the duties of the officer or employee; and
	(c)	for a contractor who exercises a function on behalf of the government—the act or omission relates to a matter within the scope of the contract; and
	(d)	for anyone else who exercises a function on behalf of the government—the act or omission relates to a matter within the scope of the person’s engagement.
government includes the Territory, the Commonwealth, a State, another Territory or New Zealand.
government entity includes—
	(a)	an instrumentality, officer or employee of the government; and
	(b)	a contractor or anyone else who exercises a function on behalf of the government.
122	Application to Territory (IA s 23A)
	(1)	In an Act or statutory instrument—
	(a)	a reference to an entity or position by name or description is a reference to the entity or position of that name or description in or for the Territory; and
	(b)	a reference to a place, jurisdiction or anything else by name or description is a reference to the place, jurisdiction or thing of that name or description in or for the Territory.
	(2)	If the name of an entity or position established under an Act or statutory instrument includes the words ‘of the Australian Capital Territory’, ‘for the Australian Capital Territory’, ‘(ACT)’, or words having a similar effect, a reference in an Act or statutory instrument to the entity or position need not include the words.

Chapter 13	Structure of Acts and statutory instruments
Part 13.1	General
    
125	Meaning of law in ch 13
In this chapter:
law means an Act, subordinate law or disallowable instrument, and includes a provision of a law.
126	Material that is part of an Act or statutory instrument (IA s 11H)
	(1)	A heading to a chapter, part, division, subdivision, schedule, or another provision (other than a section or subsection), of or to an Act or statutory instrument is part of the Act or instrument.
	(2)	A heading to a section or subsection of an Act or statutory instrument is part of the Act or instrument if—
	(a)	the Act was enacted, or the instrument was made, after 1 January 2000; or
	(b)	the heading was amended or inserted into the Act or instrument after 1 January 2000.
	(3)	An example or diagram in an Act or statutory instrument is part of the Act or instrument.
	(4)	A schedule, dictionary or appendix to an Act or statutory instrument is part of the Act or instrument.
	(5)	Punctuation in an Act or statutory instrument is part of the Act or instrument.
	(6)	A provision number in an Act or statutory instrument is part of the Act or instrument.
	(7)	In applying this section to a statutory instrument or to a provision of a schedule to an Act, a reference to a section or subsection is a reference to a corresponding provision of the instrument or schedule.
	(8)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
127	Material that is not part of an Act or statutory instrument (IA s 12)
	(1)	A footnote, endnote, or other note, in or to an Act or statutory instrument is not part of the Act or instrument.
	(2)	A table of contents (however described), or reader’s guide or index, in or to an Act or statutory instrument is not part of the Act or instrument.
	(3)	A heading to a section or subsection of an Act or statutory instrument is not part of the Act or instrument if section 126 (2) (Material that is part of an Act or statutory instrument) does not apply to the heading.
	(4)	This section does not prevent the amendment of a note, table, guide, index or heading mentioned in subsection (1), (2) or (3).
	(5)	However, such a note, table, guide or index does not become part of the Act or statutory instrument because it is amended or inserted by an Act or instrument.
	(6)	In applying this section to a statutory instrument or to a provision of a schedule to an Act, a reference to a section or subsection is a reference to a corresponding provision of the instrument or schedule.
	(7)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.

Part 13.2	Particular kinds of provisions
    
130	What is a definition? (IA dictionary, definition)
A definition is a provision (however expressed) of an Act or statutory instrument that—
	(a)	gives a meaning to a word or expression; or
	(b)	limits or extends the meaning of a word or expression.
Examples of definitions
1	X means Y.
2	X includes Y.
3	X means Y, and includes Z.
4	A reference to X is a reference to Y.
5	X—see section Y.
6	X—see the XYZ Act 1999, section Y.
7	In a proceeding against a person (the retailer), it is a defence if the retailer establishes that the goods were bought honestly.
8	excluded—a claim is excluded if the claim is not brought within 1 year after the claimant becomes aware of the failure to account to which the claim relates.
9	Words and expressions used in the XYZ Act 1999 have the same respective meanings in this Act.
Note 1	Examples 5 and 6 illustrate signpost definitions, that is, definitions that do not themselves define the word or expression but point the reader to the place where the word or expression is defined (see s 131).
Note 2	Example 7 illustrates a tagged-term definition (retailer) that takes its meaning from the context of the provision where the defined term is found.
Note 3	Example 8 illustrates a definition that does not begin with the defined term.
Note 4	For other provisions about definitions, see pt 15.2.
Note 5	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
131	Signpost definitions (IA, dict, def of see)
	(1)	In an Act or statutory instrument, a definition of a word or expression that includes the word ‘see’ followed by a reference to a law or instrument means the word or expression has the same meaning as the word or expression (or, if the reference includes a reference to the definition of another word or expression, that word or expression) has in the law or instrument, as in force from time to time.
Examples
1	A signpost definition ‘food—see section 10.’ in the dictionary to an Act means that the word ‘food’ when used in the Act, has the same meaning as it has in section 10, as in force from time to time.
2	A signpost definition ‘injury—see the XYZ Act 2001, dictionary.’ in the dictionary to another Act means that the word ‘injury’, when used in the other Act, has the same meaning as it has in the definition of injury, in the XYZ Act 2001, dictionary, as in force from time to time.
3	A signpost definition ‘OH&S Council—see the XYZ Act 2000, dictionary, definition of council.’ means that the expression ‘OH&S Council’ has the same meaning as the word ‘council’ has in the definition of council in the XYZ Act 2000, dictionary, as in force from time to time.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(2)	In this section:
instrument includes a provision of an instrument.
law includes a law, or a provision of a law, of the Commonwealth, a State or another Territory.
Note 	For other provisions about definitions, see pt 15.2.
132	Examples (IA s 11D)
	(1)	An example in an Act or statutory instrument—
	(a)	is not exhaustive; and
	(b)	may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the Act or instrument, or the particular provision to which it relates.
Examples
1	A specific case (which may be fictional) that helps to give meaning to the more abstract language of a provision.  See the examples in section 43.
2	An example (which may be fictional) that clarifies the scope of a provision by illustrating cases that fall within the provision or cases that fall outside the provision, or both.  See the examples in section 86.
Note 1	These examples may overlap.
Note 2	An example in an Act or statutory instrument is part of the Act or instrument (see s 126 (3)).
	(2)	An example may take either of the following forms:
	(a)	a statement at the end of the provision it illustrates (or at the end of a provision containing the provision it illustrates);
	(b)	a statement forming part of the text of a provision that illustrates the operation of the provision, whether or not the words ‘for example’ are used.
Examples for par (a)
the examples in section 130 or this section, subsection (1)
Example for par (b)
the statement beginning ‘for example’ in section 36 (1) (a)
	(3)	Subsection (2) does not limit the form that an example may take.
	(4)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
133	Penalty units (IA s 33AA)
	(1)	In a law, if a penalty for an offence is expressed as a number (whether whole or fractional) of penalty units—
	(a)	the penalty is a fine of that number of penalty units; and
	(b)	the value of the penalty unit for the offence is—
	(i)	if the person charged is an individual—$100; or
	(ii)	if the person charged is a corporation—$500.
Example
‘Maximum penalty: 10 penalty units.’ means that a person who is convicted of the relevant offence is liable to a maximum fine of 10 penalty units.
·	If the person is an individual, the maximum fine is, therefore, $1 000 ($100x10). 
·	If the person is a corporation, the maximum fine is, therefore, $5 000 ($500x10).
Note 1	Paragraph (b) is subject to s 314 (Transitional provisions about penalties).
Note 2	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(2)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
134	Penalties at end of sections and subsections (IA s 32A)
	(1)	This section applies if a penalty (however expressed) is stated in a law—
	(a)	at the end of a section (whether or not the section is divided into subsections) and not expressed in a way that indicates that it applies only to a provision of the section; or
	(b)	at the end of a subsection (but not at the end of a section) and not expressed in a way that indicates that it applies only to a provision of the subsection; or
	(c)	at the end of a section or subsection and expressed in a way that indicates that it applies only to a provision of the section or subsection (the relevant provision).
Example for par (a)
the following penalty at the end of a section:
‘Maximum penalty:  20 penalty units.’
Example for par (b)
the following penalty at the end of a subsection, but not at the end of a section:
‘Maximum penalty:  20 penalty units.’
Examples for par (c)
1	the following penalty at the end of a section divided into subsections:
	‘Maximum penalty (subsection (3)):  20 penalty units.’.
2	the following penalty at the end of a subsection, but not at the end of a section:
	‘Maximum penalty:
	(a)	for paragraph (b)—20 penalty units; or
	(b)	for another paragraph—50 penalty units, imprisonment for 6 months or both.’
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(2)	If an offence is not expressly mentioned in the section, subsection or relevant provision, the penalty indicates that contravention of the section, subsection or relevant provision is an offence punishable on conviction as provided by subsection (4).
Example of a penalty applying to entire section or subsection
A person must not contravene a notice.
Maximum penalty:  20 penalty units.
Example of a penalty applying to a stated provision
(2)	The register of transactions—
	(a)	may be kept in electronic form; and
	(b)	must contain the particulars mentioned in section 91C.
	Maximum penalty (paragraph (b)):  20 penalty units.
	(3)	If an offence is expressly mentioned in the section, subsection or relevant provision, the penalty indicates that the offence is punishable on conviction as provided by subsection (4).
Example of a penalty applying to entire section or subsection
A person who contravenes a notice commits an offence.
Maximum penalty:  20 penalty units.
Example of a penalty applying to a stated provision
(2)	If a person keeps the person’s identity card after ceasing to be an officer—
	(a)	the person commits an offence; and
	(b)	the identity card is forfeited to the Territory.
	Maximum penalty (paragraph (a)):  20 penalty units.
	(4)	The penalty that may be imposed for the offence is—
	(a)	if only a single penalty is stated (whether as a maximum penalty or a penalty)—not more than the stated penalty; or
	(b)	if a minimum as well as a maximum penalty is stated—not less than the minimum and not more than the maximum.
	(5)	If—
	(a)	a penalty (however expressed) is stated in a law at the end of a section divided into subsections; and
	(b)	another penalty (however expressed) is stated at the end of another subsection of the section; and
	(c)	the first penalty is not expressed in a way that indicates that it applies only to a particular provision of the last subsection;
the first penalty is taken, for this section, to be expressed in a way that indicates that it applies only to the last subsection.
Example
In the following example, subsection (4) is the last subsection and the penalty stated at the end applies only to that subsection:
‘(2)	A permit holder must record all transactions under this Act.
	Maximum penalty:  20 penalty units.
(3)	If a permit holder is convicted of an offence against subsection (2), the registrar must cancel the permit.
(4)	A permit holder must not sell a declared substance in contravention of this Act.
	Maximum penalty:  100 penalty units, imprisonment for 1 year or both.’.
	(6)	In working out for this section whether a penalty is at the end of a section or subsection, the position of any example or note is to be disregarded.
	(7)	In applying this section to a subordinate law or disallowable instrument or to a provision of a schedule to an Act, a reference to a section or subsection is a reference to a corresponding provision of the law, instrument or schedule.
	(8)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
135	Penalties not at end of sections and subsections (IA s 33)
	(1)	This section applies if a penalty (however expressed) is stated in a provision of a law other than at the end of a section or subsection.
	(2)	If an offence is expressly mentioned in the provision, the penalty indicates that the offence is punishable on conviction as provided by subsection (4).
Example
A person who contravenes subsection (3) commits an offence punishable by a fine of not more than 20 penalty units.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(3)	If an offence is not expressly mentioned in the provision, the penalty indicates that contravention of the provision (or a stated part of the provision) is an offence punishable on conviction as provided by subsection (4).
Example
A person who contravenes subsection (3) must pay a fine of not more than 20 penalty units.
	(4)	The penalty that may be imposed for the offence is—
	(a)	if only a single penalty is stated (whether as a maximum penalty or a penalty)—not more than the stated penalty; or
	(b)	if a minimum as well as a maximum penalty is stated—not less than the minimum and not more than the maximum.
	(5)	In working out for this section whether a penalty is at the end of a section or subsection, the position of any example or note is to be disregarded.
	(6)	In applying this section to a subordinate law or disallowable instrument or to a provision of a schedule to an Act, a reference to a section or subsection is a reference to a corresponding provision of the law, instrument or schedule.
	(7)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.

Chapter 14	Interpretation of Acts and statutory instruments
Part 14.1	Purpose and scope
136	Meaning of Act in ch 14
In this chapter:
Act includes a statutory instrument.
Note	Section 7 (3) provides that a reference to an Act includes a reference to a provision of an Act.  Section 13 (3) provides that a reference to a statutory instrument includes a reference to a provision of a statutory instrument.
137	Purpose and scope of ch 14
	(1)	The purpose of this chapter is to provide guidance about the interpretation of Acts.
	(2)	This chapter is not intended to be a comprehensive statement of the law of interpretation applying to Acts.
	(3)	In particular, this chapter assumes that common law presumptions operate in conjunction with this chapter.
	(4)	Subsection (3) also applies to common law presumptions that come into existence after the commencement of this chapter.
Part 14.2	Key principles of interpretation
138	Meaning of working out the meaning of an Act
In this part:
working out the meaning of an Act means—
	(a)	resolving an ambiguous or obscure provision of the Act; or
	(b)	confirming or displacing the apparent meaning of the Act; or
	(c)	finding the meaning of the Act when its apparent meaning leads to a result that is manifestly absurd or is unreasonable; or
	(d)	finding the meaning of the Act in any other case.
139	Interpretation best achieving Act’s purpose (IA s 11A)
	(1)	In working out the meaning of an Act, the interpretation that would best achieve the purpose of the Act is to be preferred to any other interpretation.
	(2)	This section applies whether or not the Act’s purpose is expressly stated in the Act.
140	Legislative context
In working out the meaning of an Act, the provisions of the Act must be read in the context of the Act as a whole.
Examples
1	The long title of an Act provides that it is an Act to give certain benefits to the holders of pensioner cards.  Section 4 provides ‘This Act applies to a holder of a pensioner card’.  Section 22 provides that the commissioner may grant ‘a person’ an exemption from payment of rates.  The Act does not contain a definition of ‘person’.  Section 22 must be read in the context of the Act as a whole so that the commissioner may only grant exemptions to people who are holders of pensioner cards.
2	The Drug Testing Regulations 2001 (made under the Drug Testing Act 2000 (hypothetical)), regulation 6 contains the following heading:
6	Corresponding law—Act, s 100, def corresponding law
The heading indicates that the regulation has been made for the definition of corresponding law in the Drug Testing Act 2000, section 100.
3	Regulation 12 (1) of a subordinate law refers to ‘an order under the Crimes Act 1900, section 402’.  No other kind of order is mentioned in the regulation and the word ‘order’ is not otherwise defined in the subordinate law.  Subregulations (2), (4), (7) and (9) of the same regulation, which merely refer to ‘the order’, are to be understood as referring to the order mentioned in subregulation (1).
Note 1	See s 126 and s 127 for material that is, or is not, part of an Act or statutory instrument.
Note 2	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
141	Non-legislative context generally (IA s 11B)
	(1)	In working out the meaning of an Act, material not forming part of the Act may be considered.
Note 1	See s 146 for the meaning of may and must.
Note 2	See s 126 and s 127 for material that is, or is not, part of an Act or statutory instrument.
Note 3	See s 142 for material that may be considered in working out the meaning of an Act or statutory instrument.
	(2)	In deciding whether material not forming part of an Act should be considered in working out the meaning of the Act, and the weight to be given to the material, the following matters must be taken into account:
	(a)	the desirability of being able to rely on the ordinary meaning of the Act, having regard to the purpose of the Act and the provisions of the Act read in the context of the Act as a whole;
	(b)	the undesirability of prolonging proceedings without compensating advantage;
	(c)	the accessibility of the material to the public.
	(3)	Subsection (2) does not limit the matters that may be taken into account.
	(4)	For subsection (2) (c), material in the register is taken to be accessible to the public.
Note	The register is the ACT legislation register (see dict, pt 2, def register).
	(5)	For this section, proof is not required in relation to any material in the register if the material is authorised by the parliamentary counsel under this Act.
	(6)	For subsection (5), it is presumed, unless the contrary is proved, that a copy of any material that is accessible at an approved website and purports to be authorised by the parliamentary counsel under this Act is authorised by the parliamentary counsel under this Act.
	(7)	Subsection (6) does not limit any other law providing how a court or tribunal may be informed about the material for this section.
142	Non-legislative context—material that may be considered (IA s 11B)
	(1)	In working out the meaning of an Act, material mentioned in table 1, column 2 may be considered.
	(2)	In working out the meaning of a statutory instrument, material mentioned in table 1, column 3 may be considered.
	(3)	This section does not limit the material that may be considered in working out the meaning of an Act or statutory instrument.
Table 1	
column 1
item	column 2
Act	column 3
statutory instrument	
1	material not forming part of the Act contained in an authorised version of the Act
Note	See ch 3 (Authorised versions and evidence of Acts and statutory instruments).	material not forming part of the statutory instrument contained in an authorised version of the instrument
Note	See ch 3 (Authorised versions and evidence of Acts and statutory instruments).	
2	any relevant report of a royal commission, law reform commission, committee of inquiry or other similar body that was presented to the Legislative Assembly before the Act was passed	any relevant report of a royal commission, law reform commission, committee of inquiry or other similar body that was presented to the Legislative Assembly—
	(a)	if the statutory instrument was presented to the Assembly—before the end of 6 sitting days after the day the instrument was presented to the Assembly; or
	(b)	in any other case—before the instrument was made	
3	any relevant report of a committee of the Legislative Assembly that was made to the Assembly before the Act was passed	any relevant report of a committee of the Legislative Assembly that was made to the Assembly—
	(a)	if the statutory instrument was presented to the Assembly—before the end of 6 sitting days after the day the instrument was presented to the Assembly; or
	(b)	in any other case—before the instrument was made	
4	any explanatory statement (however described) for the bill that became the Act, or any other relevant document, that was presented to the Legislative Assembly before the Act was passed	if the statutory instrument was presented to the Legislative Assembly—any explanatory statement (however described) for the instrument, or any other relevant document, that was presented to the Legislative Assembly before the end of 6 sitting days after the instrument was presented to the Assembly	
5	the presentation speech made to the Legislative Assembly during the passage of the bill that became the Act 	if the statutory instrument was presented to the Legislative Assembly by a member of the Assembly—any presentation speech made to the Assembly	
6	official reports of proceedings in the Legislative Assembly in relation to the bill that became the Act	if the statutory instrument was presented to the Legislative Assembly—official reports of proceedings in the Legislative Assembly in relation to the statutory instrument	
7	any relevant treaty or other international agreement to which Australia is a party	any relevant treaty or other international agreement to which Australia is a party	
143	Law stating material for consideration in working out meaning
	(1)	If a relevant law provides that stated material may or must be considered in working out the meaning of an Act or statutory instrument, that does not by implication prevent other material of the same or similar kind being considered in working out the meaning of the Act or instrument.
Example
The Computer Crime Act 2000 (hypothetical) contains the following provision:
4	Report may be used as an aid to interpretation
The Community Law Reform Report on Computer Crime (CLRC No X) may be considered in working out the meaning of this Act.
This does not limit access to other non-legislative material of the same or a similar kind for working out the meaning of the Computer Crime Act 2000.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(2)	In this section:
relevant law means—
	(a)	in working out the meaning of an Act—the Act or another Act; or
	(b)	in working out the meaning of a statutory instrument made under an Act—the Act, another Act or the instrument; or
	(c)	in working out the meaning of a statutory instrument made under another statutory instrument—an Act or either instrument.

Chapter 15	Aids to interpretation
Part 15.1	General
    
144	Meaning of commonly-used words and expressions (IA s 11F (1))
A definition in the dictionary, part 1 applies to all Acts and statutory instruments.
Note	See s 130 for the definition of definition and s 131 for provisions about signpost definitions.
145	Gender and number (IA s 19)
In an Act or statutory instrument—
	(a)	words indicating a gender include every other gender; and
	(b)	words in the singular number include the plural and words in the plural number include the singular.
146	Meaning of may and must (IA s 16)
	(1)	In an Act or statutory instrument, the word may, or a similar word or expression, used in relation to a function indicates that the function may be exercised or not exercised, at discretion.
Note	Function is defined in the dict, pt 1 to include authority, duty and power.
	(2)	In an Act or statutory instrument, the word must, or a similar word or expression, used in relation to a function indicates that the function is required to be exercised.
	(3)	This section is a determinative provision so far as it applies to an applicable law or an applicable provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
	(4)	In this section:
applicable law means an Act enacted, or a subordinate law or disallowable instrument made, after 1 January 2000.
applicable provision means a provision inserted after 1 January 2000 into an Act, or a subordinate law or disallowable instrument, that is not an applicable law.
inserted, for a provision, includes inserted in substitution for another provision.
147	Changes of drafting practice not to affect meaning (IA s 11C)
	(1)	The purpose of this section is to encourage the making of progressive improvements in the form of the statute book without inadvertently changing the substantive effect of the law.
Note	See also s 96 (Relocated provisions).
	(2)	This is to be achieved particularly by updating the language and structure of Acts and statutory instruments to replace older forms of legislative expression with forms reflecting current legislative drafting practice.
	(3)	If an Act or statutory instrument is amended so that it contains an older form of legislative expression in a provision and a newer form in another, the ideas in the 2 provisions must not be regarded as different only because different words are used or the provisions are structured in different ways.
	(4)	Subsection (3) also applies if the provisions are in different Acts or statutory instruments.
	(5)	Also, if an Act or statutory instrument is amended so that a provision containing an older form of legislative expression is replaced (whether or not in the same position) by a provision in a newer form, the ideas in the 2 provisions must not be regarded as different only because different words are used or the provisions are structured in different ways.
	(6)	In deciding whether the ideas are different, regard must be had to the context and history of the 2 provisions.
	(7)	Subsection (6) does not limit the matters to which regard may be had.
	(8)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
148	Terms used in instruments have same meanings as in authorising laws (IA s 11BA)
Words and expressions used in a statutory instrument have the same meanings as they have, from time to time, in the Act or statutory instrument (the authorising law), or the relevant provisions of the authorising law, under which the instrument is made or in force.
149	Age in years (IA s 13D)
For an Act or statutory instrument, a person is an age in years at the beginning of the person’s birthday for the age.
150	Measurement of distance (IA s 35)
In applying an Act or statutory instrument, distance is to be measured in a straight line on a horizontal plane.
151	Reckoning of time (IA s 36)
	(1)	This section applies if a period is provided or allowed for a purpose by an Act or statutory instrument.
	(2)	In working out whether the purpose has been fulfilled within the period provided or allowed, the period is taken to begin at the start point.
	(3)	For this section—
	(a)	if a period is to begin from a particular day—the start point is the beginning of the next day; and
	(b)	if a period is to begin when an act or event happens—the start point is the beginning of the day after the act or event happens.
Examples
1	The ABC Act 1995 provides that a person who ceases to be an inspector must return his or her identity card to the authority within 21 days after ceasing to be an inspector.  X is notified that his appointment as inspector ends on Friday 1 November.  The period of 21 days starts on Saturday 2 November.
2	The XYZ Act 2001 requires an application for review to be lodged not later than 28 days after service on the licensee of the decision objected to.  The period of 28 days begins with the day following the day of service.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(4)	If the last day of the period is not a working day, the last day of the period is the first working day after the end of the period.
Example
The Hypothetical Act 2000 requires the board to give a copy of its business plan to the Minister not later than 14 days after its preparation.  The 14th day is Good Friday (a public holiday) and the following Monday is also a public holiday.  Under section 151 (4), the last day to give a copy of the business plan is the Tuesday following Easter (the first working day after the 14th day).
152	Continuing effect of obligations
If, under a provision of an Act or statutory instrument, an act is required to be done, the obligation to do the act continues until the act is done even if—
	(a)	the provision required the act to be done within a particular period or before a particular time, and the period has ended or the time has passed; or
	(b)	someone has been convicted of an offence in relation to failure to do the act.

Part 15.2	Definitions
Note to pt 15.2
See also s 130 (What is a definition?), s 131 (Signpost definitions) and s 148 (Terms used in instruments have same meanings as in authorising laws).
    
155	Definitions apply subject to contrary intention (IA s 11G)
	(1)	A definition in an Act or statutory instrument applies except so far as the contrary intention appears.
	(2)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
156	Application of definitions in dictionaries and sections (IA s 11F (2))
	(1)	A definition in the dictionary to an Act or statutory instrument applies to the entire Act or instrument unless the Act or instrument provides for the definition to have a more limited application.
Examples
1	The dictionary to the ABC Act 1999 includes the signpost definition ‘x—see the XYZ Act 1998, section 3.’.  There is nothing in the ABC Act 1999 indicating the intended application of the definition of x.  The definition of x in the XYZ Act 1998, section 3, therefore, applies to the entire ABC Act 1999.
2	In an Act, the word z is defined in the dictionary.  The definition provides, in part, that ‘z, in part 4 (Registration of vehicles), means ...’.  The definition of z applies only to part 4.
Note	See s 144 (Meaning of commonly-used words and expressions) for the application of the definitions in this Act, dict, pt 1.
	(2)	A definition in a section of an Act or statutory instrument applies only to the section unless the Act or instrument provides for the definition to have a broader application.
Examples
1	This Act, section 255 (7) (Forms) contains definitions of form 1 and form 2 as tagged terms.  There is nothing in this Act indicating that the definitions apply outside section 255.  The definitions apply only to section 255.
2	In part 6 of an Act, the word a is defined in a section, which is not divided into subsections but contains a number of definitions.  The section begins with the words ‘In this part:’.  The definition of a applies to all of part 6.
3	In an Act, the word b is defined in a section, which is not divided into subsections but contains a number of definitions.  The section begins with the words ‘In this Act:’.  The definition of b applies to the entire Act.
	(3)	A definition in a section of an Act or statutory instrument applies to the entire section unless the Act or instrument provides for the definition to have a more limited application.
Example
In a subsection of a section of an Act, the word c is defined.  The subsection begins with the words ‘In subsection (3):’.  The definition of c applies only to subsection (3) of that section.
	(4)	In applying this section to a statutory instrument or to a provision of a schedule to an Act, a reference to a section is a reference to a corresponding provision of the instrument or schedule.
157	Defined terms—other parts of speech and grammatical forms (IA s 11E)
If an Act or statutory instrument defines a word or expression, other parts of speech and grammatical forms of the word or expression have corresponding meanings.
Example
The Publication (Grants) Act 2001 contains a definition of publish and also contains other forms of the same word (‘published’, ‘publisher’, ‘publishes’, ‘publishing’ and ‘publication’).  Because of this section, all forms of the word will have the same meaning except so far as the Act otherwise expressly provides or a contrary intention appears (see s 6 (3)).

Part 15.3	References to various entities and things
Note to pt 15.3
See also ch 10 (Referring to laws).
    
160	References to people generally (IA s 15)
	(1)	In an Act or statutory instrument, a reference to a person generally includes a reference to a corporation as well as an individual.
	(2)	Subsection (1) is not displaced only because there is an express reference to either an individual or a corporation elsewhere in the Act or statutory instrument.
Examples of references to a person generally
1	another person
2	anyone else
3	party
4	someone else
5	employer
Examples of express references to a corporation
1	body corporate
2	company
Examples of express references to an individual
1	adult
2	child
3	spouse
4	driver
	(3)	Subsection (2) does not limit the operation of section 6.
Note	Section 6 deals with the displacement of a provision of this Act.
161	Corporations liable to offences (IA s 32)
	(1)	A provision of a law that creates an offence (whether indictable or summary) applies to corporations as well as to individuals.
	(2)	A provision of a law that creates an offence can apply to a corporation even though contravention of the provision is punishable by imprisonment (with or without another penalty).
Example
A provision of an Act contains the following penalty:
‘Maximum penalty:  100 penalty units, imprisonment for 1 year or both.’
The provision can apply to a corporation.
	(3)	If a corporation is convicted of an offence and, apart from this subsection, the penalty for the offence is a period of imprisonment only, the court may impose a maximum penalty of—
	(a)	if the period of imprisonment is not longer than 6 months—50 penalty units; and
	(b)	if the period of imprisonment is longer than 6 months but not longer than 1 year—100 penalty units; and
	(c)	if the period of imprisonment is longer than 1 year but not longer than 2 years—200 penalty units; and
	(d)	if the period of imprisonment is longer than 2 years but not longer than 5 years—500 penalty units; and
	(e)	if the period of imprisonment is longer than 5 years but not longer than 10 years—1 000 penalty units; and
	(f)	if the period of imprisonment is longer than 10 years—1 500 penalty units.
Note	Section 133 explains the meaning and value of penalty units.
	(4)	In this section:
law means an Act, subordinate law or disallowable instrument.
162	References to a Minister or the Minister (IA s 24)
	(1)	In an Act or statutory instrument, a reference to a Minister is a reference to the Chief Minister or a Minister appointed under the Self-Government Act, section 41.
Note	See dict, pt 1, def Chief Minister.
	(2)	In a provision of an Act or statutory instrument, a reference to the Minister without identifying the Minister’s title or portfolio is a reference to—
	(a)	the Minister for the time being administering the provision; or
	(b)	if, for the time being, different Ministers administer the provision in relation to different matters—
	(i)	if only 1 Minister administers the provision in relation to the relevant matter—the Minister; or
	(ii)	if 2 or more Ministers administer the provision in relation to the relevant matter—any of the Ministers; or
	(c)	if paragraph (b) does not apply and, for the time being, 2 or more Ministers administer the provision—any of the Ministers.
	(3)	In subsection (2):
Minister includes a Minister for the time being acting on behalf of the Minister or 2 or more Ministers.
	(4)	If an Act or statutory instrument mentions a Minister and identifies the Minister by reference to the fact that the Minister administers a stated Act, statutory instrument or provision, subsection (2) applies as if references in paragraphs (a) to (c) to the provision were references to the stated Act, instrument or provision.
Note	See also dict, pt 1, defs Attorney-General and Treasurer.
163	References to a chief executive or the chief executive (IA s 24A)
	(1)	In an Act or statutory instrument, a reference to a chief executive is a reference to a person employed under the Public Sector Management Act, section 28 (Engagement) or section 30 (Temporary performance of duties) to perform the duties of an office of chief executive.
	(2)	In a provision of an Act or statutory instrument, a reference to the chief executive without identifying the chief executive’s title is a reference to—
	(a)	the chief executive of the administrative unit responsible for the provision; or
	(b)	if, for the time being, different administrative units are responsible for the provision in relation to different matters—
	(i)	if only 1 administrative unit is responsible for the provision in relation to the relevant matter—the chief executive of the administrative unit; or
	(ii)	if 2 or more administrative units are responsible for the provision in relation to the relevant matter—the chief executive of any of the administrative units; or
	(c)	if paragraph (b) does not apply and, for the time being, 2 or more administrative units are responsible for the provision—the chief executive of any of the administrative units.
Note	See dict, pt 1, def administrative unit.
	(3)	If an Act or statutory instrument mentions a chief executive and identifies the chief executive by reference to the fact that the chief executive is the chief executive of the administrative unit responsible for a stated Act, statutory instrument or provision, subsection (2) applies as if references in paragraphs (a) to (c) to the provision were references to the stated Act, instrument or provision.
	(4)	In this section:
chief executive, of an administrative unit, means the person who is employed under the Public Sector Management Act, section 28 or 30 to perform the duties of the office of chief executive in the administrative unit.
Public Sector Management Act means the Public Sector Management Act 1994.
responsible, for a provision, means allocated responsibility for the provision under the Public Sector Management Act, section 14 (1) (b) (Ministerial responsibility and functions of administrative units).
164	References to Australian Standards (IA s 25AB)
In an Act or statutory instrument, a reference consisting of the words ‘Australian Standard’ followed by a number is a reference to the standard so numbered published by or on behalf of Standards Australia.
165	References to Assembly committees that no longer exist (IA s 25AA)
In an Act or statutory instrument, a reference (whether by name or description) to a committee of the Legislative Assembly that no longer exists is a reference to the committee of the Assembly nominated by the Speaker either generally or for the provision containing the reference.
168	References to person with interest in land include personal representative etc
In an Act or statutory instrument, a reference to a person with an interest in land or other property includes a reference to the person’s personal representatives, successors and assigns.
Examples of references to people with interests in land
1	proprietor
2	transferor or transferee
3	mortgagor or mortgagee
4	lessor or lessee
5	sublessor or sublessee
6	trustee
169	References to domestic partner and domestic partnership
	(1)	In an Act or statutory instrument, a reference to a person’s domestic partner is a reference to someone who lives with the person in a domestic partnership, and includes a reference to a spouse of the person.
Note	The Macquarie Dictionary, 3rd edition defines spouse as ‘either member of a married pair in relation to the other; one’s husband or wife’.
	(2)	In an Act or statutory instrument, a domestic partnership is the relationship between 2 people, whether of a different or the same sex, living together as a couple on a genuine domestic basis.
Example of indicators to decide whether 2 people are in a domestic partnership
1	the length of their relationship
2	whether they are living together
3	if they are living together—how long and under what circumstances they have lived together
4	whether there is a sexual relationship between them
5	their degree of financial dependence or interdependence, and any arrangements for financial support, between or by them
6	the ownership, use and acquisition of their property, including any property that they own individually
7	their degree of mutual commitment to a shared life
8	whether they mutually care for and support children
9	the performance of household duties
10	the reputation, and public aspects, of the relationship between them
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see Legislation Act, s 126 and s 132).
169A	References to transgender people
	(1)		A transgender person is a person who—
	(a)	identifies as a member of a different sex by living, or seeking to live, as a member of that sex; or
	(b)	has identified as a member of a different sex by living as a member of that sex;
		whether or not the person is a recognised transgender person.
	(2)	A transgender person includes a person who is thought of as a transgender person, whether or not the person is a recognised transgender person.
	(3)	A recognised transgender person is a person the record of whose sex is altered under the Births, Deaths and Marriages Registration Act 1997, part 4 or the corresponding provisions of a law of a State or another Territory.
169B	References to intersex people
		An intersex person is a person who, because of a genetic condition, was born with reproductive organs or sex chromosomes that are not exclusively male or female.

Part 15.4	Preservation of certain common law privileges
170	Privileges against selfincrimination and exposure to civil penalty
	(1)	An Act or statutory instrument must be interpreted to preserve the common law privileges against selfincrimination and exposure to the imposition of a civil penalty.
	(2)	However, this section does not affect the operation of the Evidence Act 1995 (Cwlth).
Note	The Evidence Act 1995 (Cwlth), s 128 contains provisions that apply if a witness raises these privileges in a proceeding.  The section applies to proceedings in ACT courts (see Evidence Act 1995 (Cwlth), s 4).  However, the privileges have been abolished for bodies corporate (see Evidence Act 1995 (Cwlth), s 187).
	(3)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
171	Client legal privilege
	(1)	An Act or statutory instrument must be interpreted to preserve the common law privilege in relation to client legal privilege (also known as legal professional privilege).
	(2)	However, this section does not affect the operation of the Evidence Act 1995 (Cwlth).
Note	The Evidence Act 1995 (Cwlth), pt 3.10, div 1 contains provisions about client legal privilege.  The provisions apply to proceedings in ACT courts (see Evidence Act 1995 (Cwlth), s 4).
	(3)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.

Chapter 16	Courts, tribunals and other decision-makers

175	Meaning of law in ch 16
In this chapter:
law means an Act, subordinate law or disallowable instrument, and includes a provision of a law.
176	Jurisdiction of courts and tribunals (IA s 31A)
	(1)	This section applies if a law, whether expressly or by implication, authorises a proceeding (whether civil or criminal) to be brought in a particular court or tribunal in relation to a matter.
	(2)	The law vests the court or tribunal with jurisdiction in the matter.
	(3)	The jurisdiction so vested is not limited by any limits to which any other jurisdiction of the court or tribunal may be subject.
Note	See also s 45 which relates to the making of rules carrying out or giving effect to the jurisdiction of the court or tribunal.
177	Recovery of amounts owing under laws (IA s 34)
If an amount is owing under a law to a person (the creditor) by another person (the debtor), the creditor may recover the amount as a debt owing by the debtor to the creditor in a court of competent jurisdiction.
178	Power to decide includes authority to administer oath etc (IA s 13E)
A court, tribunal or other entity authorised by a law to hear and decide a matter has authority—
	(a)	to receive evidence; and
	(b)	to examine witnesses and, for that purpose, to administer oaths.
179	Content of statements of reasons for decisions (IA s 13C)
	(1)	This section applies if a law requires a tribunal or other entity making a decision to give written reasons for the decision, whether the expression ‘reasons’, ‘grounds’ or any other expression is used.
	(2)	The document giving the reasons must also set out the findings on material questions of fact and refer to the evidence or other material on which the findings were based.
	(3)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
180	Power to make decision includes power to reverse or change (IA s 27)
	(1)	Power given by a law to make a decision includes power to reverse or change the decision.
	(2)	The power to reverse or change the decision is exercisable in the same way, and subject to the same conditions, as the power to make the decision.
Example
If the power to include land in a special reserve is exercisable only on the resolution of the Legislative Assembly, the power to excise land from a special reserve is exercisable only on the resolution of the Assembly.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).

Chapter 17	Entities and positions

182	Meaning of law in ch 17
In this chapter:
law means an Act, subordinate law or disallowable instrument, and includes a provision of a law.
183	Change of name of entity (IA s 13B)
	(1)	This section applies if a law changes the name of an entity established under a law.
Note	See dict, pt 1, def entity.
	(2)	The entity continues in existence under the new name and its identity is not affected by the change.
	(3)	A reference in a law or instrument to the entity by its previous name is taken, after the change, to be a reference to the entity by its new name.
184	Change in constitution of entity (IA s 13BA)
	(1)	This section applies if a law changes how an entity established under a law is constituted.
	(2)	The entity continues in existence as newly constituted and its identity is not affected by the change.
	(3)	Without limiting subsection (2), the change does not affect—
	(a)	any function, right, privilege, liability or property of the entity; or
	(b)	the bringing of a proceeding, or the continuation of a proceeding, by or against the entity; or
	(c)	the carrying out of an investigation or inquiry, or the continuation of an investigation or inquiry, in relation to anything done or not done by or in relation to the entity.
Note	Function is defined in the dict, pt 1 to include authority, duty and power.
185	References to occupant of position (IA s 25)
In an Act or statutory instrument, a reference to the occupant of a position (however expressed) includes a reference to anyone for the time being occupying the position.
Note	See s 200 (1) (Functions of occupants of positions) and the definitions of occupy and position in the dict, pt 1.
186	Change of name of position (IA s 13B)
	(1)	This section applies if a law changes the name of a position established under a law.
	(2)	The position continues in existence under the new name and its identity is not affected by the change.
	(3)	A reference in a law or instrument to the position by its previous name is taken, after the change, to be a reference to the position by its new name.
187	Chairperson and deputy chairperson (IA s 25A)
	(1)	If a law establishes a position of chairperson of an entity, the chairperson may be referred to as chairman, chairwoman or chair.
	(2)	If a law establishes a position of deputy chairperson of an entity, the deputy chairperson may be referred to as deputy chairman, deputy chairwoman or deputy chair.

Chapter 18	Offences
Note to ch 18
See also s 133 to s 135 (which relate to penalty units and penalty provisions) and s 161 (Corporations liable to offences). 
188	Meaning of Territory law in ch 18
In this chapter:
Territory law means an Act or subordinate law, and includes a provision of a Territory law.
189	Reference to offence includes reference to related ancillary offences
A reference to an offence against a Territory law includes a reference to an offence against the Criminal Code, part 2.4 (Extensions of criminal responsibility) or the Crimes Act 1900, section 181 (Accessory after the fact) that relates to the Territory law.
Example
X is the holder of a licence under the Plant Development Act 2001 (hypothetical).  The Plant Development Act, section 23 provides for the cancellation of a licence if a licence holder commits an offence against the Act.  While his business premises are being inspected, X incites an employee to obstruct the inspector.  As a result, the employee obstructs the inspector (which is an offence against the Act).  X is later convicted of the offence of incitement against the Criminal Code, section 47 (which is an offence in the Criminal Code, pt 2.4).  Because of the Legislation Act, section 189, X is taken to have committed an offence against the Plant Development Act and is therefore liable to have his licence cancelled.
Note	The result would be the same if X had been convicted of conspiracy relating to the offence of obstruction in the Plant Development Act.
	Apart from the Legislation Act, section 189, the following offences in the Criminal Code, pt 2.4 could also apply to the offence in the Plant Development Act:
·	aiding and abetting (s 45 (Complicity and common purpose))
·	attempt (s 44 (Attempt)).
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
190	Indictable and summary offences (IA s 33D and 33E)
	(1)	An offence is an indictable offence if—
	(a)	it is punishable by imprisonment for longer than 1 year; or
	(b)	it is declared by a law to be an indictable offence.
	(2)	Any other offence is a summary offence and is punishable on summary conviction.
191	Offences against 2 or more laws (IA s 33F)
	(1)	If an act or omission by a person is an offence against 2 or more Territory laws, the person may be prosecuted and convicted for any of the offences, but is not liable to be punished more than once for the act or omission.
	(2)	If—
	(a)	an act or omission by a person is an offence against both a Territory law and a law of another jurisdiction; and
	(b)	the person has been punished for the offence against the law of the other jurisdiction;
the person is not liable to be punished for the offence against the Territory law.
	(3)	In this section:
law of another jurisdiction means a law of the Commonwealth, a State, another Territory or New Zealand.
192	When must prosecutions begin? (IA s 33H)
	(1)		A prosecution for any of the following offences against a Territory law may be begun at any time:
	(a)	an offence by an individual punishable by imprisonment, on a first conviction, for longer than 6 months;
	(b)	an offence by a corporation punishable, on a first conviction, by a fine of more than 150 penalty units;
	(c)	an aiding and abetting offence by an individual in relation to an offence by a corporation punishable, on a first conviction, by a fine of more than 150 penalty units;
	(d)	an offence against the Crimes Act 1900, section 90 (Minor theft).
	(2)	A prosecution for any other offence against a Territory law may be begun only within—
	(a)	1 year after the day of commission of the offence; or
	(b)	if a Territory law provides for another period—that period.
	(3)	However, if a coroner’s inquest or inquiry, or an inquiry under the Inquiries Act 1991 or the Royal Commissions Act 1991, is held into a matter that discloses or is otherwise found to relate to an offence mentioned in subsection (2), a prosecution for the offence may be begun within 1 year after the day when—
	(a)	the coroner’s report is made; or
	(b)	the report of the board of inquiry or royal commission is given to the Chief Minister.
	(4)	In this section:
aiding and abetting offence means—
	(a)	an offence against the Criminal Code, section 45 (Complicity and common purpose); or
	(b)	another offence against a Territory law dealing with aiding and abetting.
193	Continuing offences (IA s 33B (2))
	(1)	This section applies to a requirement to do an act if—
	(a)	the act is required to be done under a law within a particular period or before a particular time; and
	(b)	failure to comply with the requirement is an offence against the law.
	(2)	A person who fails to comply with the requirement commits an offence for each day until the act is done.
	(3)	A day mentioned in subsection (2) includes any day of conviction for an offence and any later day.
Note	See also s 152 (Continuing effect of obligations).

Chapter 19	Administrative and machinery provisions
Part 19.1	Introductory
    
195	Meaning of law in ch 19
In this chapter:
law means an Act, subordinate law or disallowable instrument, and includes a provision of a law.

Part 19.2	Functions
Note to pt 19.2
Function is defined in the dict, pt 1 to include authority, duty and power.
    
196	Provision giving function gives power to exercise function (IA s 25B)
	(1)	A provision of a law that gives a function to an entity also gives the entity the powers necessary and convenient to exercise the function.
Note	See dict, pt 1, defs entity and exercise.
	(2)	The powers given to the entity under subsection (1) are in addition to any other powers of the entity under the law.
197	Statutory functions may be exercised from time to time (IA s 26 (1))
If a law gives a function to an entity, the function may be exercised from time to time.
Note	See also s 42 (2) (Power to make statutory instruments).
199	Functions of bodies (IA s 13BB)
	(1)	If a law authorises or requires a body to exercise a function, it may do so by resolution.
Note	See dict, pt 1, def body.
	(2)	If a law authorises or requires a signature by a person and the person is a body, the signature of a person authorised by the body for the purpose is taken to be the signature of the body.
	(3)	If a law gives a function to a body, the function may be exercised by the body as constituted for the time being.
Example
The ACT Conference Organisers Registration Board is a statutory body consisting of 5 members.  At a meeting of the board it is agreed to exempt a conference organiser from registration on certain conditions.  On the day after the meeting, 1 of the members of the board (X) resigns and another person (Y) is appointed to the board in X’s place.  At the next meeting of the board, the board considers additional information submitted by the conference organiser and agrees to amend the conditions of exemption.  Because of subsection (3), the board’s ability to use its power of exemption is not affected by a change in the membership of the board.
	(4)	The exercise of the function is not affected only because of vacancies in the body’s membership.
	(5)	Subsections (3) and (4) do not affect any quorum requirement applying to the body.
Example
The Act establishing the board mentioned in the example to subsection (3) provides that the quorum for a meeting of the board is the chairperson or deputy chairperson and 2 other members.  If the quorum requirement was complied with at each meeting mentioned in the example, the result mentioned in the example would be the same whether or not X attended the first meeting and whether or not Y attended the second meeting.
	(6)	If a body as constituted for the time being does something in exercise of a function given to the body under a law, the thing done by the body does not end only because the membership of the body changes.
Note	See also s 211 (Appointment not affected by appointer changes), s 224 (Acting appointment not affected by appointer changes), and s 241 (Delegation not affected by appointer changes).
	(7)	Subsection (6) does not prevent the thing done by the body being ended or changed by the body as subsequently constituted for the time being.
200	Functions of occupants of positions (IA s 26 (2), s 30AA)
	(1)	If a law gives a function to the occupant of a position, the function may be exercised by the person for the time being occupying the position.
Note	See s 185 (References to occupant of position) and dict, pt 1, defs occupy and position.
	(2)	If the person for the time being occupying a position does something in exercise of a function given to the occupant of the position under a law, the thing done by the person does not end only because the person ceases to be the occupant of the position.
Note	See also s 211 (Appointment not affected by appointer changes), s 224 (Acting appointment not affected by appointer changes), and s 241 (Delegation not affected by appointer changes).
	(3)	Subsection (2) does not prevent the thing done by the person being ended or changed by any person subsequently occupying the position for the time being.

Part 19.3	Appointments
Division 19.3.1	Appointments—other than acting appointments
Note to div 19.3.1
Certain statutory appointments made by a Minister require consultation with a Legislative Assembly committee and are disallowable (see div 19.3.3 (Appointments—Assembly consultation)).
205	Application of div 19.3.1 (IA s 28 (1))
This division applies if a law authorises or requires an entity (the appointer) to appoint a person—
	(a)	to a position under a law; or
	(b)	to exercise a function or do anything else under a law.
Note	Function is defined in the dict, pt 1 to include authority, duty and power.
206	Appointments must be in writing etc (IA s 28 (7))
	(1)	An appointment must be made, or evidenced, by writing (the instrument of appointment) signed by the appointer.
	(2)	If a law provides for a maximum or minimum period of appointment, the instrument of appointment must state the period for which the appointment is made.
Examples of stated appointment periods
1	2 years
2	until age 65
207	Appointment may be by name or position (IA s 28 (2))
	(1)	The appointer may make an appointment by—
	(a)	naming the person appointed; or
	(b)	nominating the occupant of a position (however described), at a particular time or from time to time.
	(2)	For this division, the person named, or the occupant of the position nominated, is the appointee.
208	Power of appointment includes power to suspend etc (IA s 28 (3) to (5))
	(1)	The appointer’s power to make the appointment includes the power—
	(a)	to suspend the appointee, and end the suspension; or
	(b)	to end the appointment, and appoint someone else or reappoint the appointee if the appointee is eligible to be appointed to the position; or
	(c)	to reappoint the appointee if the appointee is eligible to be appointed to the position.
	(2)	The power to suspend the appointee, or end the appointment, is exercisable in the same way, and subject to the same conditions, as the power to make the appointment.
Example
If the appointment power is exercisable only on the recommendation of a body, the power to suspend, or end the appointment, is exercisable only on the recommendation of the body.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
209	Power of appointment includes power to make acting appointment (IA s 28 (4) to (6))
	(1)	If the appointer’s power is the power to make an appointment to a position, the power to make the appointment also includes power to appoint a person, or 2 or more people, to act in the position—
	(a)	during any vacancy, or all vacancies, in the position, whether or not an appointment has previously been made to the position; or
	(b)	during any period, or all periods, when the appointee cannot for any reason exercise functions of the position.
Examples for par (b)
1	the appointee is ill or on leave
2	the appointee is acting in another position
3	the appointee is outside the ACT or Australia
Note 1	Function is defined in the dict, pt 1 to include authority, duty and power.
Note 2	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(2)	The power to appoint a person to act is exercisable in the same way, and subject to the same conditions, as the power to make the appointment.
Example
If the appointment power is exercisable only on the recommendation of a body, the power to appoint a person to act is exercisable only on the recommendation of the body.
	(3)	Without limiting subsection (2), if the law (or another law) requires—
	(a)	the appointee to hold a qualification; or
	(b)	the appointer (or someone else) to be satisfied about the appointee’s suitability (whether in terms of knowledge, experience, character or any other personal quality) before appointing the appointee to the position;
a person may only be appointed to act in the position if the person holds the qualification or the appointer (or other person) is satisfied about the person’s suitability.
Examples
1	If an Act requires the appointee to be a magistrate, a person can be appointed to act in the position only if the person is a magistrate.
2	If a regulation requires the appointee to be a lawyer of at least 5 years standing, a person can be appointed to act in the position only if the person is a lawyer of at least 5 years standing.
3	If an Act requires the appointee to have, in the Executive’s opinion, appropriate expertise, training or experience in relation to the needs of a particular group of people, a person can be appointed to act in the position only if the person has, in the Executive’s opinion, that expertise, training or experience.
210	Resignation of appointment (IA s 28 (8), (9))
	(1)	An appointment ends if the appointee resigns by signed notice of resignation given to the appointer.
	(2)	However, if the appointer is the Executive, the notice of resignation may be given to a Minister.
211	Appointment not affected by appointer changes
	(1)	If the appointer is a body, an appointment made by the body does not end only because the membership of the body changes.
	(2)	If the appointer is the person for the time being occupying a position, an appointment made by the person does not end only because the person ceases to be the occupant of the position.
	(3)	This section does not limit the following sections:
·	section 199 (Functions of bodies)
·	section 200 (Functions of occupants of positions).
212	Appointment not affected by defect etc (IA s 28 (10))
An appointment, or anything done under an appointment, is not invalid only because of a defect or irregularity in or in relation to the appointment.
Division 19.3.2	Acting appointments
215	Application of div 19.3.2 (IA s 28A (1))
This division applies if a law gives an entity (the appointer) power to appoint a person to act in a position under a law.
Note	A power to make an appointment includes power to make an acting appointment (see s 209).
216	Acting appointments must be in writing etc (IA s 28 (7))
	(1)	An acting appointment must be made, or evidenced, by writing (the instrument of appointment) signed by the appointer.
	(2)	If a law provides for a maximum or minimum period of appointment, the instrument of appointment must state the period for which the acting appointment is made.
Examples of stated appointment periods
1	1 year
2	until 31 December 2002 (a period of 9 months)
Note 1	See also s 219 (Appointer may decide terms of acting appointment etc) and s 221 (How long does an acting appointment operate?)
Note 2	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
217	Acting appointment may be made by name or position
	(1)	The appointer may make an acting appointment by—
	(a)	naming the person appointed; or
	(b)	nominating the occupant of a position (however described), at a particular time or from time to time.
	(2)	For this division, the person named, or the occupant of the position nominated, is the appointee.
218	Instrument may provide when acting appointment has effect etc (IA s 28A (2))
The instrument making or evidencing the acting appointment may provide that the appointment has effect only in stated circumstances or subject to stated conditions or limitations.
Examples
1	The instrument relating to a standing (or dormant) acting appointment for a position provides that when the substantive occupant of the position (Y) is overseas X may act in the position, but may exercise stated powers of the position only with Y’s approval.
2	X is appointed to act in Y’s position if Y is out of the ACT and a declaration of acute fire danger is published under the ABC Act 2000.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
219	Appointer may decide terms of acting appointment etc (IA s 28A (3))
	(1)	The appointer may—
	(a)	decide the terms of the acting appointment, including any remuneration and allowances; and
	(b)	end the appointment at any time.
Example for par (b)
A appoints X to act in a position for 10 months.  Two months after X begins to act, A ends the appointment.
Note 1	See also s 221 (How long does an acting appointment operate?)
Note 2	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(2)	The power to end the acting appointment is exercisable in the same way, and subject to the same conditions, as the power to make the acting appointment.
Example
If the power to make the acting appointment is exercisable only on the recommendation of a body, the power to end the appointment is exercisable only on the recommendation of the body.
220	Appointee may exercise functions under acting appointment etc (IA s 28A (8))
While the appointee is acting in the position—
	(a)	the appointee has, subject to the instrument making or evidencing the appointment, all the functions of the occupant of the position; and
	(b)	all Territory laws apply in relation to the appointee as if the appointee were the occupant of the position.
Note	Function is defined in the dict, pt 1 to include authority, duty and power.
221	How long does an acting appointment operate? (IA s 28A (4) to (6))
	(1)	If the appointee acts in the position because it is vacant, the appointee may not act for more than 1 year after the position became vacant.
Note	See also s 219 (Appointer may decide terms of acting appointment etc)
	(2)	If the appointee is acting in a position that becomes vacant while the appointee is acting, the appointee may continue to act until the first of the following happens:
	(a)	the appointer ends the appointment;
	(b)	the vacancy is filled;
	(c)	1 year after the position became vacant.
Example
A appoints X to act in Y’s position for a year while Y is on secondment in another agency.  Three months after X begins to act, Y is permanently transferred to the other agency.  One month later, Z is appointed to the position in which X is acting.  The appointment of Z brings X’s acting appointment to an end.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(3)	If the appointee acts in the position because the occupant of the position cannot exercise functions and the occupant resumes the exercise of the functions, the appointment no longer authorises the appointee to act on that occasion.
Note	Function is defined in the dict, pt 1 to include authority, duty and power.
222	Resignation of acting appointment (IA s 28 (8) to (11))
	(1)	An acting appointment ends if the appointee resigns by signed notice of resignation given to the appointer.
	(2)	However, if the appointer is the Executive, the notice of resignation may be given to a Minister.
223	Effect of acting appointment on substantive appointment etc (IA s 28A (7)
	(1)	If the appointee is the occupant of another position under a law (the substantive position), the appointee does not cease to occupy the substantive position only because of the appointee’s appointment or because the appointee acts under the appointment.
	(2)	This section does not prevent an acting appointment being made to the substantive position.
224	Acting appointment not affected by appointer changes
	(1)	If the appointer is a body, an acting appointment made by the body does not end only because the membership of the body changes.
	(2)	If the appointer is the person for the time being occupying a position, an acting appointment made by the person does not end only because the person ceases to be the occupant of the position.
	(3)	This section does not limit the following sections:
·	section 199 (Functions of bodies)
·	section 200 (Functions of occupants of positions).
225	Acting appointment not affected by defect etc (IA s 28 (10), (11), 28A (9))
	(1)	An acting appointment, or anything done under an acting appointment, is not invalid only because of a defect or irregularity in or in relation to the appointment.
	(2)	Anything done by or in relation to the appointee while the appointee purports to act in the position is not invalid only because—
	(a)	the occasion for the appointment had not arisen or had ended; or
	(b)	the appointment had ended; or
	(c)	the occasion for the appointee to act had not arisen or had ended.
Division 19.3.3	Appointments—Assembly consultation
226	Meaning of statutory position in div 19.3.3(SAA s 3)
In this division:
statutory position means a position (including as a member of a Territory authority) established under an Act.
Note	Position includes office (see dict, pt 1, def position).
227	Application of div 19.3.3 (SAA s 4 (1), s 6)
	(1)	This division applies if a Minister has the power under an Act to appoint a person to a statutory position.
	(2)	However, this division does not apply to an appointment of—
	(a)	a public servant to a statutory position (whether or not the Act under which the appointment is made requires that the appointee be a public servant); or
	(b)	a person to act in a statutory position for not longer than 6 months, unless the appointment is of the person to act in the position for a 2nd or subsequent consecutive period; or
	(c)	a person to a statutory position if the only function of the position is to advise the Minister.
	(3)	In this section:
public servant includes a fire commissioner, deputy fire commissioner or other member of the fire brigade.
228	Consultation with appropriate Assembly committee (SAA s 4 (1))
	(1)	Before making an appointment to a statutory position, a Minister must consult—
	(a)	a standing committee of the Legislative Assembly nominated by the Speaker for the purpose; or
	(b)	if no nomination under paragraph (a) is in force—the standing committee of the Legislative Assembly responsible for the scrutiny of public accounts.
	(2)	The committee may make a recommendation to the Minister about the proposed appointment.
	(3)	The Minister must not make the appointment until the Minister has received a recommendation or 30 days have passed since the consultation took place, whichever happens first.
	(4)	In making the appointment, the Minister must have regard to any recommendation received.
229	Appointment is disallowable instrument
The instrument making, or evidencing, an appointment to which this division applies is a disallowable instrument.
Note	A disallowable instrument must be notified and presented to the Legislative Assembly (see ch 7 (Presentation, amendment and disallowance of subordinate laws and disallowable instruments)).

Part 19.4	Delegations
    
230	Application of pt 19.4 generally
	(1)	This part applies if a law authorises or requires an entity (the appointer) to delegate (or subdelegate) a function.
Note	Function is defined in the dict, pt 1 to include authority, duty and power.
	(2)	For subsection (1), if a law gives a function to an entity, the law may be taken to authorise the delegation of the function even if the law provides for another way in which the function may be exercised.
231	Application of pt 19.4 to subdelegations (IA s 30AB)
	(1)	This part applies to the subdelegation of a function in the same way as it applies to the delegation of the function.
	(2)	However, if a law authorises or requires an entity to delegate a function, the function may not be subdelegated by the delegate.
Note	Section 231 (2) envisages a law that would allow the appointer (Y) to delegate Y’s functions to X with authority for X to further delegate those functions (see, for example, Public Sector Management Act 1994, s 36).  However, X’s authority to subdelegate those functions would not in itself give X the authority to delegate Y’s power of delegation.  X could only exercise this power if the law also gave this authority.  Compare s 236 which deals with the subdelegation of a power to delegate.
	(3)	Subsection (2) is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
232	Delegation must be in writing etc
A delegation must be made, or evidenced, by writing signed by the appointer.
233	Delegation may be made by name or position (IA s 29A)
	(1)	The appointer may delegate by—
	(a)	naming the person to whom the delegation is made; or
	(b)	nominating the occupant of a position (however described), at a particular time or from time to time.
	(2)	For this part, the person named, or the occupant of the position nominated, is the delegate.
234	Instrument may provide when delegation has effect etc (IA s 29B (a))
The instrument making or evidencing a delegation may provide—
	(a)	that the delegation has effect only in stated circumstances or subject to stated conditions, limitations or directions; or
	(b)	that all of the function, or a stated part of the function, is delegated.
Examples
1	The delegation provides that, when the appointer (Y) is outside Australia, the delegate (X) may exercise her functions except that stated functions may only be exercised with Y’s approval.
2	The delegation provides that X may enter into a contract for the purchase of property of not more than $50 000 in value.
3	The delegation provides that X may grant licences under a stated Act but that, in considering applications, X must take account of the policy of the agency (authorised by the Act) that there should not be more than 100 licences current at any time.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
235	Delegation may be made to 2 or more delegates
The appointer may delegate the appointer’s function, or any part of the function, to 2 or more delegates.
236	Power to delegate may not be delegated (IA s 29B (b))
	(1)	The appointer may not delegate the appointer’s power to delegate.
	(2)	A power to delegate may not be delegated by the appointer.
Note	Section 236 (2) envisages a law that would allow the delegate (X) to exercise the power of delegation of the appointer (Y).  However, X’s authority to exercise Y’s power of delegation would not in itself give X the authority to exercise any of the functions to which Y’s power of delegation applies.  X could only exercise these functions if the law also gave this authority or Y delegated those functions to X.  Compare s 231 which deals with the subdelegation of a delegated function.
	(3)	Subsection (2) is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
237	Delegation may be amended or revoked
	(1)	The appointer may amend a delegation or revoke it in whole or part.
	(2)	The power to amend or revoke a delegation is exercisable in the same way, and subject to the same conditions, as the power to delegate.
Example
If the power to delegate is exercisable only with the Minister’s approval, the power to revoke the delegation is exercisable only with the Minister’s approval.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
238	Appointer responsible for delegated function
The delegation of a function, or a part of a function, does not relieve the appointer of the appointer’s obligation to ensure that the function is properly exercised.
239	Exercise of delegation by delegate (IA s 29B (c), (e), s 30)
	(1)	A delegate must exercise the delegation subject to any conditions, limitations or directions in the instrument making or evidencing the delegation.
	(2)	All Territory laws apply to the delegate in the exercise of the delegation as if the delegate were the appointer.
	(3)	Without limiting subsection (2), if the exercise of a function by the appointer is dependent on the appointer’s state of mind and the function is delegated, the function may be exercised by the delegate on the delegate’s state of mind.
	(4)	Anything done by the delegate in the exercise of the delegation is taken to have been done by the appointer.
Note 1	Section 94 provides that a delegation under a law that is in force immediately before an amendment of the law continues to have effect as if made under the amended law.
Note 2	Section 196 gives a delegate the powers necessary or convenient to exercise a delegated function.
	(5)	In this section:
state of mind includes knowledge, intention, opinion, belief or purpose.
240	Appointer may exercise delegated function (IA s 29B (d))
A function that has been delegated may, despite the delegation, be exercised by the appointer.
241	Delegation not affected by appointer changes (IA s 30AA)
	(1)	If the appointer is a body, a delegation made by the body does not end only because the membership of the body changes.
	(2)	If the appointer is the person for the time being occupying a position, a delegation made by the person does not end only because the person ceases to be the occupant of the position.
	(3)	This section does not limit the following sections:
·	section 199 (Functions of bodies)
·	section 200 (Functions of occupants of positions).
242	Delegation not affected by defect etc
	(1)	A delegation, or anything done under a delegation, is not invalid only because of a defect or irregularity in or in relation to the delegation.
	(2)	Anything done by or in relation to the delegate while the delegate purports to exercise the delegation is not invalid only because—
	(a)	the delegation had been amended or revoked; or
	(b)	the occasion for the delegate to exercise the delegation had not arisen or had ended.

Part 19.5	Service of documents
    
245	Application of pt 19.5 (IA s 17A (1))
This part applies to a document that is authorised or required under a law to be served (whether the word ‘serve’, ‘give’, ‘notify’, ‘send’ or ‘tell’ or any other word is used).
246	Definitions for pt 19.5
In this part:
administrator, of a law, means the entity administering or responsible for the law.
agency means—
	(a)	an administrative unit; or
	(b)	a statutory office-holder; or
	(c)	any other entity established for a public purpose under a law;
and includes a member of, or a member of the staff of, the agency.
business address, of an individual, corporation or agency in relation to anything done or to be done under a law, includes the latest business address, or address for service of notices (however described), of the individual, corporation or agency (if any) recorded in a register or other records kept by the administrator of the law.
corporation does not include an agency.
document includes a notice, an article that may be sent by post or anything else.
email address, of an individual, corporation or agency in relation to anything done or to be done under a law, includes the latest email address of the individual, corporation or agency (if any) recorded in a register or other records kept by the administrator of the law.
executive officer means—
	(a)	for a corporation—a person (however described and whether or not the person is a director of the corporation) who is concerned with, or takes part in, the corporation’s management; or
	(b)	for an agency that is an administrative unit—the chief executive of the administrative unit; or
	(c)	for an agency that is a statutory office-holder—the occupant of the position; or
	(d)	for an agency constituted by 2 or more people—the person who is entitled, because of the position occupied by the person, to preside at any meeting of the agency at which the person is present; or
	(e)	for any other agency—the chief executive officer (however described) of the agency; or
	(f)	for any agency—a person (however described) who is concerned with, or takes part in, the agency’s management.
fax number, of an individual, corporation or agency in relation to anything done or to be done under a law, includes the latest fax number of the individual, corporation or agency (if any) recorded in a register or other records kept by the administrator of the law.
home address, of an individual in relation to anything done or to be done under a law, includes the latest home address, or address for service of notices (however described), of the person (if any) recorded in a register or other records kept by the administrator of the law.
responsible, for a law, means allocated responsibility for the law under the Public Sector Management Act 1994, section 14 (1) (b) (Ministerial responsibility and functions of administrative units).
247	Service of documents on individuals (IA s 17A (1), 18)
	(1)	A document may be served on an individual—
	(a)	by giving it to the individual; or
	(b)	by sending it by prepaid post, addressed to the individual, to a home or business address of the individual; or
	(c)	by faxing it to a fax number of the individual; or
	(d)	by emailing it to an email address of the individual; or
	(e)	by leaving it, addressed to the individual, at a home or business address of the individual with someone who appears to be at least 16 years old and to live or be employed at the address.
Note	See s 251 for service of documents under other laws.
	(2)	This section applies to service of a document outside the ACT in the same way as it applies to service of the document in the ACT.
248	Service of documents on corporations (IA s 17A (1), 18)
	(1)	A document may be served on a corporation—
	(a)	by giving it to an executive officer of the corporation; or
	(b)	by sending it by prepaid post, addressed to the corporation (or an executive officer of the corporation), to the address of any of its registered offices or any other business address of the corporation; or
	(c)	by faxing it to a fax number of the corporation; or
	(d)	by emailing it to an email address of the corporation; or
	(e)	by leaving it, addressed to the corporation (or an executive officer of the corporation), at the address of any of the corporation’s registered offices, or any other business address of the corporation, with someone who appears to be at least 16 years old and to be employed at the address.
Note	See s 251 for service of documents under other laws.
	(2)	This section applies to service of a document outside the ACT in the same way as it applies to service of the document in the ACT.
249	Service of documents on agencies (IA s 17A (1), 18)
A document may be served on an agency—
	(a)	by giving it to an executive officer of the agency; or
	(b)	by sending it by prepaid post, addressed to the agency (or an executive officer of the agency), to the address of any office of the agency or any other business address of the agency; or
	(c)	by faxing it to a fax number of the agency; or
	(d)	by emailing it to an email address of the agency; or
	(e)	by leaving it, addressed to the agency (or an executive officer of the agency), at the address of any of the agency’s offices or any other business address of the agency with someone who appears to be employed at the agency.
Note	See s 251 for service of documents under other laws.
250	When service taken to be effected (IA s 18))
	(1)	A document served by post under this part is taken to be served when the document would have been delivered in the ordinary course of post.
	(2)	However, subsection (1) does not affect the operation of the Evidence Act 1995 (Cwlth), section 160.
Note	The Evidence Act 1995 (Cwlth), s 160 provides a rebuttable presumption that a postal article sent by prepaid post addressed to a person at an address in Australia or an external Territory was received on the 4th working day after posting.
	(3)	If the sender has no reason to suspect that a document served by fax or email under this part was not received by the recipient when sent, the document is presumed to be served when sent unless evidence sufficient to raise doubt about the presumption is given.
	(4)	For subsection (3), the sender has reason to suspect that a document served by fax or email under this part was not received by the recipient when sent only if, on the day the document was sent or on the next working day, the equipment the sender used to send the document indicated by way of a signal or other message that—
	(a)	the equipment did not send the document when the equipment was used to send the document; or
	(b)	for a fax—the number to which the fax was sent to the recipient was not a fax number of the recipient; or
	(c)	for an email—the address to which the email was sent was not an email address of the recipient.
	(5)	A document addressed to the recipient, and left for the recipient as mentioned in section 247 (e), 248 (e) or 249 (e), is taken to be served when it was left.
	(6)	In this section:
recipient, for a document, means the individual, corporation or agency on whom the document is intended to be served.
sender, for a document served, or to be served, by fax or email, means the person sending, or seeking to send, the document.
251	Other laws not affected etc (IA s 17A (2) (a))
	(1)	This part does not affect the operation of any other law that authorises or requires service of a document otherwise than as provided under this part.
	(2)	Despite this part, a law (or, if the law is an Act, regulations under the Act) may provide—
	(a)	that a document of a particular kind may or must be served (however described) only in a particular way or to a particular address or number; or
	(b)	for the date (or date and time) when service (however described) of a document is taken to have been made.
252	Powers of courts and tribunals not affected (IA s 17A (2) (b))
This part does not affect the power of a court or tribunal to authorise or require service of a document otherwise than as provided under this part.

Part 19.6	Functions of Executive and Ministers
253	Exercise of functions of Executive (AA s 3A)
	(1)	A function given to the Executive under an Act may be exercised by any 2 Ministers acting in concert.
	(2)	The exercise of a function under subsection (1) is taken to be the exercise of the function by the Executive.
	(3)	This section is subject to section 41 (Making of certain statutory instruments by Executive).
254	Administration of matters not allocated (AA s 4)
If a matter relating to the Executive’s functions is not allocated under the Self-Government Act, section 43 (1), the Chief Minister administers the matter.
254A	Delegation by Minister (AA s 5)
A Minister may delegate the Minister’s functions under an Act or statutory instrument to anyone else.
Note	For the making of delegations and the exercise of delegated functions, see pt 19.4.

Part 19.7	Other matters
    
255	Forms (IA s 13)
	(1)	This section applies if an Act (the authorising law) authorises a form to be approved or prescribed under 1 of the following (the relevant law):
	(a)	the authorising law; or
	(b)	another Act or statutory instrument.
Note	See also s 46 (3) which deals with the repeal and replacement of forms and prevents their amendment.
	(2)	The authorising law authorises a form to be approved or prescribed in relation to any matter under or in relation to the relevant law.
	(3)	To remove any doubt, a form may be approved or prescribed for a provision of the relevant law even though the provision does not mention a form.
Example
The X Act, section 23 provides for a person to apply for registration but makes no mention of a form for the application.  However, X Act, section 80 (1) provides:
The Minister may, in writing, approve forms for this Act.
Because section 80 (1) permits a form to be approved ‘for this Act’, the Legislation Act 2001, section 255 applies in relation to section 23 and the Minister may approve a form for the application.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
	(4)	Substantial compliance with a form is sufficient.
	(5)	However, if a form requires—
	(a)	the form to be signed; or
	(b)	the form to be prepared in a particular way (for example, on paper of a particular size or quality or in a particular electronic form); or
	(c)	the form to be completed in a particular way; or
	(d)	particular information to be included in the form, or a particular document to be attached to or given with the form; or
	(e)	the form, information in the form, or a document attached to or given with the form, to be verified in a particular way (for example, by statutory declaration);
the form is properly completed only if the requirement is complied with.
	(6)	Despite subsection (5), the person need not comply with the requirement mentioned in subsection (5) (d) (and the form is taken to be properly completed despite the noncompliance) if—
	(a)	the form is approved or prescribed for a purpose; and
	(b)	the information or document is not reasonably necessary for the purpose.
Examples
1	A person need not comply with a requirement of an approved form to include personal information (eg marital status) irrelevant to a purpose for which the form is required.
2	A person need not comply with a requirement of an approved form that has some relevance to a purpose for which the form is required, but intrudes to an unreasonable extent on personal privacy.
	(7)	If—
	(a)	a form (form 1) may be approved or prescribed for a purpose; and
	(b)	another form (form 2) may be approved or prescribed for the same or another purpose; and
	(c)	separate forms 1 and 2 are approved or prescribed;
a combination form, consisting of forms 1 and 2, may be approved or prescribed and used for the purpose or purposes.
	(8)	If, under a law, a form is authorised or required to be filed with (however described), or served on (however described), a person, the form may be filed with, or served on, someone else under arrangements made between them.
	(9)	This section is a determinative provision.
Note	See s 5 for the meaning of determinative provisions, and s 6 for their displacement.
256	Production of records kept in computers etc (IA s 13A)
	(1)	This section applies if—
	(a)	a person uses an electronic or other device to keep a record of information; and
	(b)	a law requires the person (however the law is expressed) to give the information, or a document containing the information, to an authority.
	(2)	The requirement obliges the person to give to the authority a document that accurately reproduces or contains the information in a form that can be understood by the authority.
	(3)	In this section:
authority means a court, tribunal or other entity.

Chapter 20	Miscellaneous

300	Delegation by parliamentary counsel
	(1)	The parliamentary counsel may delegate the parliamentary counsel’s functions under this Act to a public servant.
Note	For the making of delegations and the exercise of delegated functions, see pt 19.4.
	(2)	However, the parliamentary counsel may only delegate a function under part 11.3 (Editorial changes) to:
	(a)	a person performing the duties of deputy parliamentary counsel in the public service; or
	(b)	a public servant prescribed under the regulations.
301	References to Administration Act 1989 etc
	(1)	In any Act, statutory instrument or document, a reference to the Administration Act 1989, the Interpretation Act 1967, the Legislation (Republication) Act 1996 or the Subordinate Laws Act 1989 is, in relation to anything dealt with in this Act, a reference to this Act.
	(2)	In any Act, statutory instrument or document, a reference to a particular provision of the Administration Act 1989, the Interpretation Act 1967, the Legislation (Republication) Act 1996 or the Subordinate Laws Act 1989 is, in relation to anything dealt with in this Act, a reference to the corresponding provision of this Act.
302	Regulation-making power
The Executive may make regulations for this Act.
Note	Regulations must be notified, and presented to the Legislative Assembly, under this Act.

Chapter 21	Transitional

304	Application of s 47 (3) to (6)
	(1)	If, immediately before the commencement of this section, a statutory instrument makes provision about a matter by applying a law or instrument, or a provision of a law or instrument, as in force at a particular time or from time to time, section 47 (3) to (6) do not apply to the statutory instrument in relation to the law, instrument or provision.
	(2)	In subsection (1):
applying—see section 47 (10).
instrument—see section 47 (10).
law—see section 47 (10).
	(3)	Subsections (1) and (2) are a law to which section 88 (Repeal does not end transitional or validating effect etc) applies.
	(4)	This section expires on 12 September 2004.
308	Status of certain instruments as disallowable instruments
	(1)	This section applies to a statutory instrument that is declared under an Act or statutory instrument to be a disallowable instrument for the Subordinate Laws Act 1989, whether or not for or for the purposes of that Act, section 10.
	(2)	The statutory instrument is a disallowable instrument for this Act.
	(3)	Subsections (1) and (2) are a law to which section 88 (Repeal does not end transitional or validating effect etc) applies.
	(4)	This section expires on 12 September 2004.
309	Status of certain instruments as notifiable instruments
	(1)	This section applies to a statutory instrument (other than a subordinate law, disallowable instrument or commencement notice, or a statutory instrument of a kind prescribed under the regulations for this section) if—
	(a)	the instrument is required or permitted under an Act or statutory instrument to be published or notified in the Gazette; or
	(b)	the making or approval (however described) of the instrument is, or particulars (the required particulars) of the instrument (however described) are, required or permitted under an Act or statutory instrument to be published or notified in the Gazette; or
	(c)	the instrument is a form approved (however described) under an Act, subordinate law or disallowable instrument.
	(2)	The statutory instrument is a notifiable instrument for this Act.
	(3)	Despite anything in any other Act or any statutory instrument, the statutory instrument, the making or approval (however described) of it, or the required particulars, need not be notified or published in the Gazette.
	(4)	Subsection (3) does not affect the requirement to notify the making of the statutory instrument in accordance with section 61 (Notification of registrable instruments).
	(5)	However, section 61 applies to the statutory instrument with the modifications (if any) prescribed under the regulations.
	(6)	Subsections (1) to (5) are a law to which section 88 (Repeal does not end transitional or validating effect etc) applies.
	(7)	This section expires on 12 September 2004.
310	Compliance with authorisation or requirement to do something by notice in Gazette (IA s 27A)
	(1)	If a provision of an Act or statutory instrument authorises or requires something to be done by notice in the Gazette (however the provision is expressed), it is sufficient if it is done by an instrument.
	(2)	Subsection (1) does not affect the requirement to notify the making of the statutory instrument in accordance with section 61.
	(3)	However, if the instrument is a notifiable instrument because of section 309 (Status of certain instruments as notifiable instruments), section 309 (5) applies to the instrument.
	(4)	Subsections (1) to (3) are a law to which section 88 applies.
	(5)	This section expires on 12 September 2004.
313	Status of republications under Legislation (Republication) Act 1996
	(1)	An Act or subordinate law republished under the Legislation (Republication) Act 1996 is taken to have been authorised by the parliamentary counsel under this Act.
	(2)	Subsection (1) is a law to which section 88 applies.
	(3)	This section expires on 12 September 2004.
314	Transitional provisions about penalties (IA s 63)
	(1)	This section applies to—
	(a)	a law as enacted or made that was notified in the Gazette before 10 November 1999; or
	(b)	a republication of a law republished as in force on a date (however expressed) before 10 November 1999.
	(2)	In a law, if a penalty for an offence is expressed to apply to a body corporate or corporation—
	(a)	the penalty applies to any corporation; and
	(b)	the value of a penalty unit for the offence is $100, even though the person charged is a body corporate or another corporation.
	(3)	Section 133 (1) (b) is subject to this section.
	(4)	In this section:
law means an Act or subordinate law.
republication, of a law, means a republication of a law to which the Legislation (Republication) Act 1996 applied.
	(5)	This section expires on 12 September 2003.
315	Status of certain determinations
	(1)	This section applies to a determination of fees in force immediately before the commencement of part 6.3 (Making of certain statutory instruments about fees).
	(2)	To the extent that—
	(a)	the determination was in force under a provision of an Act (the authorising law) amended by the Legislation (Consequential Amendments) Act 2001; and
	(b)	apart from this section, the authorising law would no longer authorise the determination, in whole or part;
the determination is taken to be made under the authorising law as if it had not been amended by that Act.
	(3)	Section 56 (5) (a) and (b) does not apply to the determination.
	(4)	Section 57 applies to the determination as if a reference to the service mentioned in the determination included a reference to the service mentioned in the authorising law as in force before it was amended by the Legislation (Consequential Amendments) Act 2001.
	(5)	In this section:
fee—see section 55.
	(6)	This section expires on 12 September 2003.

Schedule 1	Acts included in sources of law of the Territory
(see s 17)
Part 1.1	Former NSW and UK Acts in force before establishment of Territory

column 1
item	column 2
name of Act	column 3
number or date of assent and original jurisdiction	
1	Magna Carta 	(1297) 25 Edw 1 c 29 (UK)	
2	Criminal and Civil Justice Act 1351	25 Edw 3 St 5 c 4 (UK)	
3	Due Process of Law Act 1354	28 Edw 3 c 3 (UK)	
4	Due Process of Law Act 1368	42 Edw 3 c 3 (UK)	
5	Free Access to Courts Act 1400	2 Hen 4 c 1 (UK)	
6	Petition of Right 1627	3 Chas 1 c 1 (UK)	
7	Bill of Rights 1688	1 Will and Mary sess 2 c 2 (UK)	
8	Act of Settlement 1700	12 and 13 Will 3 c 2 (UK)	
9	Set-off of Debts Act 1728	2 Geo 2 c 22 (UK)	
10	Set-off of Debts Act 1735	8 Geo 2 c 24 (UK)	
11	Royal Marriages Act 1772	12 Geo 3 c 11 (UK)	
12	Foreign Tribunals Evidence Act 1856	19 and 20 Vic c 113 (UK)	
13	Evidence by Commission Act 1859	22 Vic c 20 (UK)	
14	Public Instruction Act 1880	43 Vic No 23 (NSW)	
15	Evidence by Commission Act 1885	48 and 49 Vic c 74 (UK)	
16	Contractors Debts Act 1897	No 29 (NSW)	
17	Conveyancing and Law of Property Act 1898	No 17 (NSW)	
18	Landlord and Tenant Act 1899	No 18 (NSW)	
19	Crimes Act 1900	No 40 (NSW)	
20	Truck Act 1900	No 55 (NSW)	
21	Judgment Creditors Remedies Act 1901	No 8 (NSW)	
22	Games, Wagers and Betting Houses Act 1901	No 18 (NSW)	
23	Arrest on Mesne Process Act 1902	No 24 (NSW)	
24	Innkeepers Liability Act 1902	No 64 (NSW)	
25	Pawnbrokers Act 1902	No 66 (NSW)	
26	Public Roads Act 1902	No 95 (NSW)	
27	Anglican Church of Australia Constitutions Act 1902	24 December 1902 (NSW)	
28	Fertilisers Act 1904	No 33 (NSW)	
29	Forfeiture and Validation of Leases Act 1905	No 8 (NSW)	
30	Free Education Act 1906	No 12 (NSW)	
31	Gaming and Betting Act 1906	No 13 (NSW)	
32	Second-hand Dealers Act 1906	No 30 (NSW)	

Part 1.2	Former NSW Acts applied after establishment of Territory
Note to pt 1.2
The former NSW Acts mentioned in this part are in force in the ACT as Acts of the Legislative Assembly

column 1
item	column 2
name of NSW Act	column 3
applying Territory Act	
1	Scaffolding and Lifts Act 1912	Scaffolding and Lifts Act 1957 (repealed) 	
2	Anglican Church of Australia Trust Property Act 1917	Anglican Church of Australia Trust Property Act 1928	
3	Conveyancing Act 1919		(a)	Conveyancing Act 1951 (repealed)
	(b)	Law of Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1958 (repealed)
	(c)	Trustee Act 1957 (repealed)	
4	Trustee Act 1925	Trustee Act 1957 (repealed)	
5	Anglican Church of Australia Constitution Act 1961	Anglican Church of Australia Trust Property Act 1928	
6	Dangerous Goods Act 1975	Dangerous Goods Act 1984 (repealed)	

Note	The written law of the ACT also includes the following Acts that may not be amended or repealed by the Assembly (see the Self-Government Act, s 34):
	Life, Fire and Marine Insurance Act 1902 (NSW)
	Demise of the Crown Act 1760 (UK)
	Naval Prize Act 1864 (UK)
	Naval Prize (Procedure) Act 1916 (UK)
	Prize Act (1939) (UK)
	Prize Courts Act 1894  (UK)
	Prize Courts Act 1915 (UK)
	Prize Courts (Procedure) Act 1914 (UK)
	Territorial Waters Jurisdiction Act 1878 (UK).

Dictionary
(see s 2)
 U 	Part 1	Meaning of commonly-used words and expressions
(see s 144)
Note	Words and expressions that are defined only for this Act are set out in pt 2.
AAT—see definition of administrative appeals tribunal.
Act—see the following sections:
	(a)	section 7 (Meaning of Act generally);
	(b)	section 17 (References to Acts include references to former Cwlth enactments etc).
Note	See also s 102 (Meaning of references to a law or instrument generally) and s 104 (References to laws include references to instruments under laws).
ACT means the Australian Capital Territory.
ADI—see definition of authorised deposit-taking institution.
administrative appeals tribunal (or AAT) means the Administrative Appeals Tribunal established under the Administrative Appeals Tribunal Act 1989. 
administrative unit means an administrative unit for the time being established under the Public Sector Management Act 1994, section 13 (1). 
adult means an individual who is at least 18 years old. 
affidavit, in relation to a person allowed by law to affirm, declare or promise, includes affirmation, declaration and promise. 
ambulance service means the ACT Ambulance Service under the Emergency Management Act 1999.
amend includes—
	(a)	for an Act or statutory instrument—omit, insert, substitute, renumber or relocate a provision of the Act or instrument; and
	(b)	for an Act or statutory instrument (or a provision of it)—amend by implication; and
	(c)	for a provision of an Act or statutory instrument—omit the provision (or a part of it), substitute another provision for the provision (or a part of it), renumber the provision (or a part of it) or relocate the provision (or a part of it); and
	(d)	for any other instrument, a provision of an instrument or a decision—change or alter; and
	(e)	for chapter 9 (Repeal and amendment of laws)—see section 82 (Definitions for ch 9).
appoint includes reappoint. 
asset includes property of any kind. 
Attorney-General means the Minister designated Attorney-General by the Chief Minister, and includes a Minister authorised by the Chief Minister to act on behalf of the Attorney-General.
auditor-general means the Auditor-General for the Territory. 
Note	The Auditor-General Act 1996 provides for the appointment, functions and powers of the auditor-general.
Australia means the Commonwealth of Australia and, when used in a geographical sense, does not include an external Territory. 
Australian driver licence means an Australian driver licence under the Road Transport (Driver Licensing) Act 1999.
Note	Australian driver licence is defined in that Act, dictionary to mean a driver licence of any kind issued under the law of the Commonwealth or a State or Territory.  It includes a driver licence issued under ACT law (see also def driver licence).
authorised deposit-taking institution (or ADI) means an authorised deposit-taking institution under the Banking Act 1959 (Cwlth).
bank means an authorised deposit-taking institution that is permitted under the Banking Act 1959 (Cwlth) to assume or use—
	(a)	the word ‘bank’, ‘banker’ or ‘banking’; or
	(b)	any other word (whether or not in English) similar in meaning to a word mentioned in paragraph (a).
barrister means a lawyer who practises as a barrister. 
body includes any group of people joined together for a common purpose, whether or not incorporated.
Examples
1	a company
2	a statutory corporation, whether or not it has members
3	an association, club or society
4	a partnership
5	a joint venture
6	a corporation sole
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
breach includes contravene.
building society means an authorised deposit-taking institution that is permitted under the Banking Act 1959 (Cwlth) to assume or use—
	(a)	the expression ‘building society’; or
	(b)	any other expression (whether or not in English) similar in meaning to the expression mentioned in paragraph (a).
business day means a day that is not—
	(a)	a Saturday or Sunday; or
	(b)	a public holiday or bank holiday in the ACT under the Holidays Act 1958.
by-laws, in relation to an Act, means by-laws made or in force under the Act.
calendar month means a period beginning at the start of any day of a named month and ending—
	(a)	at the end of the day before the corresponding day of the next named month; or
	(b)	if there is no such corresponding day—at the end of the last day of the next named month.
Examples
1	The period beginning at the start of 5 July 2000 and ending at midnight on 4 August 2000 is a calendar month.
2	The period beginning at the start of 30 January 2001 and ending at midnight on 28 February 2001 is a calendar month.  The calendar month ends on the last day of February because in that year February does not have a day corresponding to 29 January (because 2001 is not a leap year).  If the period began at the start of 30 January 2004 (ie, a leap year), the calendar month would end at midnight on 29 February 2004.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
calendar year means a period of 12 months beginning on 1 January. 
change includes change by omission, substitution or addition. 
chief executive—see section 163.
chief fire control officer means the Chief Fire Control Officer under the Bushfire Act 1936.
chief health officer means the Chief Health Officer under the Public Health Act 1997. 
Chief Justice means the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. 
Chief Magistrate means the Chief Magistrate of the Magistrates Court. 
Chief Minister means the Chief Minister for the Territory. 
Note	The Chief Minister is elected under the Self-Government Act, s 40.
chief planning executive—see the Planning and Land Act 2002, dictionary.
chief police officer means the police officer responsible to the commissioner of police for the day-to-day administration and control of police services in the ACT. 
child, if age rather than descendancy is relevant, means an individual who is under 18 years old. 
Childrens Court means the Childrens Court under the Children and Young People Act 1999, section 53.
city area means the area that was the City Area under the City Area Leases Act 1936 (repealed).
Note	See s 106 for the meaning of references to repealed laws.
clerk, in relation to the Legislative Assembly, means the Clerk of the Legislative Assembly.
Note	The office of Clerk is established under the Public Sector Management Act 1994.
commencement, of an Act or statutory instrument—see section 80 (References to commencement of law).
commencement notice—see section 11 (Meaning of commencement notice).
commissioner for fair trading means the Commissioner for Fair Trading of the Australian Capital Territory.
Note	The Fair Trading (Consumer Affairs) Act 1973 provides for the office of the commissioner.
commissioner for health complaints means the Community and Health Services Complaints Commissioner under the Community and Health Services Complaints Act 1993.
commissioner for housing means the Commissioner for Housing under the Housing Assistance Act 1987.
commissioner for public administration means the Commissioner for Public Administration under the Public Sector Management Act 1994. 
commissioner for revenue means the Commissioner for Australian Capital Territory Revenue under the Taxation Administration Act 1999.
commissioner for surveys means the Commissioner for Surveys under the Surveyors Act 2001.
commissioner for the environment means the Commissioner for the Environment under the Commissioner for the Environment Act 1993.
commissioner of police means the Commissioner of Police of the Australian Federal Police. 
committed for trial, in relation to a person, means committed to prison or to a remand centre with a view to being tried before a judge and jury, or admitted to bail on an undertaking to appear and be tried before a judge and a jury. 
Commonwealth means the Commonwealth of Australia and, when used in a geographical sense, does not include an external Territory. 
Commonwealth country means a country that forms part of the Commonwealth of Nations, and includes a territory for the international relations of which a Commonwealth country is responsible. 
Commonwealth Gazette means the Commonwealth of Australia Gazette or the Australian Government Gazette.
Note	The Australian Government Gazette was published from 1 July 1973 to 30 June 1976.
community advocate means the Community Advocate under the Community Advocate Act 1991. 
confer, in relation to a function, includes impose. 
conservator of flora and fauna means the Conservator of Flora and Fauna under the Nature Conservation Act 1980.
Consumer Credit (Australian Capital Territory) Code means the provisions applying because of the Consumer Credit Act 1995, section 4. 
Consumer Credit (Australian Capital Territory) Regulations means the provisions applying because of the Consumer Credit Act 1995, section 5. 
contravene includes fail to comply with. 
converted ordinance means an enactment that was an ordinance immediately before self-government day. 
Coroner’s Court means the Coroner’s Court under the Coroners Act 1997. 
corporation includes a body politic or corporate. 
Corporations Act means the Corporations Act 2001 (Cwlth).
court of summary jurisdiction means the Magistrates Court. 
credit tribunal means the Australian Capital Territory Credit Tribunal. 
Note	The Consumer Credit (Administration) Act 1996 deals with the establishment, functions and powers of the tribunal.
credit union means an authorised deposit-taking institution that is permitted under the Banking Act 1959 (Cwlth) to assume or use—
	(a)	the expression ‘credit union’; or
	(b)	any other expression (whether or not in English) similar in meaning to the expression mentioned in paragraph (a).
Criminal Code means the Criminal Code 2002.
custodial escort means a person appointed as an escort under the Custodial Escorts Act 1998, section 4.
daylight means the period in a day from sunrise to sunset.
definition—see section 130 (What is a definition?).
dentist means a registered dentist under the Dentists Act 1931.
dental prosthetist means a registered dental prosthetist under the Dental Technicians and Dental Prosthestists Registration Act 1988.
dental technician means a registered dental technician under the Dental Technicians and Dental Prosthestists Registration Act 1988.
designation, of a position under the Public Sector Management Act 1994, includes a designation given under that Act.
director of corrective services means the Director of Corrective Services under the Periodic Detention Act 1995.
director of public prosecutions (or DPP) means the Director of Public Prosecutions under the Director of Public Prosecutions Act 1990. 
disallowable instrument—see section 9 (Meaning of disallowable instrument).
discrimination commissioner means the Discrimination Commissioner under the Discrimination Act 1991. 
discrimination tribunal means the Discrimination Tribunal established by the Discrimination Act 1991. 
doctor means a registered medical practitioner under the Medical Practitioners Act 1930. 
document includes—
	(a)	anything on which there is writing; or
	(b)	anything on which there are figures, marks, numbers, perforations, symbols or anything else having a meaning for persons qualified to interpret them; or
	(c)	anything from which images, sounds, messages or writings can be produced or reproduced, whether with or without the aid of anything else; or
	(d)	a drawing, map, photograph or plan.
domestic partner—see section 169 (1).
domestic partnership—see section 169 (2).
DPP—see definition of director of public prosecutions.
driver licence means a driver licence under the Road Transport (Driver Licensing) Act 1999.
Note	Driver licence is defined in that Act, dictionary to mean a driver licence of any kind issued under that Act (see also def Australian driver licence).
electoral commission means the Australian Capital Territory Electoral Commission established by the Electoral Act 1992.
electoral commissioner means the Electoral Commissioner under the Electoral Act 1992.
enactment, of an Act—see section 29 (References to enactment or passing of Acts).
entity includes an unincorporated body and a person (including a person occupying a position).
environment protection authority means the Environment Protection Authority under the Environment Protection Act 1997.
establish includes constitute and continue in existence. 
estate includes any charge, claim, demand, easement, encumbrance, lien, right and title, whether at law or in equity. 
Executive means the Australian Capital Territory Executive. 
Note	The Executive is established by the Self-Government Act, s 36.
exercise a function includes perform the function.
expire includes lapse or otherwise cease to have effect. 
external Territory means a Commonwealth Territory, other than an internal Territory. 
fail includes refuse. 
Federal Court means the Federal Court of Australia. 
file includes lodge. 
financial year means a period of 12 months beginning on 1 July. 
fire brigade means the Australian Capital Territory Fire Brigade established by the Fire Brigade (Administration) Act 1974.
fire commissioner means the Fire Commissioner under the Fire Brigade (Administration) Act 1974.
for, in relation to an Act or statutory instrument, includes for the purposes of the Act or statutory instrument.
Note	Under s 7 (3) and s 13 (3) a reference to an Act or statutory instrument includes a reference to a provision of an Act or statutory instrument.
foreign country means a country (whether or not an independent sovereign state) outside Australia and the external Territories. 
former NSW Act means an Act corresponding to a NSW Act mentioned in schedule 1.
Note 1	The Crimes Act 1900 is taken to have been enacted by the Legislative Assembly because of the Crimes Legislation (Status and Citation) Act 1992.  The 1992 Act was repealed by the Law Reform (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1999, but its previous operation was saved (see s 5 (2)).
Note 2	The other former NSW Acts are taken to have been enacted by the Legislative Assembly because of the Interpretation Act 1967, s 65.  Section 65 has expired, but its previous operation was saved (see s 65 (3)).
former UK Act means an Act corresponding to a UK Act mentioned in schedule 1.
Note	Former UK Acts are also taken to have been enacted by the Legislative Assembly because of the Interpretation Act 1967, s 65.
found guilty, of an offence, includes—
	(a)	having the offence taken into account under the Crimes Act 1900, section 357 (which is about taking outstanding charges into account when passing sentence); and
	(b)	having an order made in relation to the offence under the Crimes Act 1900, section 402 (Conditional release of offenders without proceeding to conviction) or the Children and Young People Act 1999, section 98 (Disposition without proceeding to conviction).
function includes authority, duty and power. 
gambling and racing commission means the Gambling and Racing Commission established under the Gambling and Racing Control Act 1999.
Gazette means the Australian Capital Territory Gazette. 
give, in relation to a function, includes impose. 
government printer includes anyone printing for or by the authority of the Executive. 
government solicitor means the Government Solicitor under the Government Solicitor Act 1989.
Governor means—
	(a)	for a State (other than the Northern Territory)—the Governor of the State, and includes a person administering the Government of the State; or
	(b)	for the Northern Territory—the Administrator of the Northern Territory, and includes a person administering the Government of the Northern Territory.
Governor-General means the Governor-General of the Commonwealth, and includes a person administering the Government of the Commonwealth.
GST—see the A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999 (Cwlth), dictionary.
guardianship tribunal means the Guardianship and Management of Property Tribunal established under the Guardianship and Management of Property Act 1991. 
High Court means the High Court of Australia. 
Note	The High Court is established by the Commonwealth Constitution, s 71 and provided for under the High Court of Australia Act 1979 (Cwlth).
Imperial Act means an Act of the United Kingdom Parliament. 
indictable offence—see section 190 (1).
indictment includes information. 
individual means a natural person. 
in relation to includes the following:
	(a)	in respect of; 
	(b)	with respect to; 
	(c)	in connection with; 
	(d)	in regard to;
	(e)	with reference to;
	(f)	relating to;
	(g)	for or with respect to.
instrument—see section 14 (Meaning of instrument).
interest, in relation to land or other property, means—
	(a)	a legal or equitable estate in the land or other property; or
	(b)	a right, power or privilege over, or in relation to, the land or other property.
internal Territory means the Australian Capital Territory, the Jervis Bay Territory or the Northern Territory. 
intersex person—see section 169B.
Jervis Bay Territory means the Territory accepted by the Commonwealth under the Jervis Bay Territory Acceptance Act 1915 (Cwlth). 
Note	The Jervis Bay Territory is described in the agreement set out in that Act, schedule.
judge means a resident judge, additional judge or acting judge under the Supreme Court Act 1933. 
Lake Burley Griffin means Lake Burley Griffin as defined in the Lakes Act 1976. 
Lake Ginninderra means Lake Ginninderra as defined in the Lakes Act 1976.
land includes messuages, tenements and hereditaments, corporeal or incorporeal, of any tenure or description, whatever the interest in the land. 
Note	A number of the terms mentioned in the definition of land have a technical meaning at law.  A messuage is a house together with its gardens, orchards and outbuildings.  The term tenement signifies land capable of being held in freehold. Hereditament refers to real property that can be inherited.  Hereditaments may be corporeal, that is, tangible things such as lands and buildings, or incorporeal, that is, intangible rights attaching to land such as rents, easements, tithes and profits a prendre.  (Profits a prendre are the right to take some product of, or part of the soil from, the land of someone else.)
land development agency means the Land Development Agency established under the Planning and Land Act 2002, section 38 (1).
law, of the Territory, means—
	(a)	an Act; or
	(b)	a subordinate law; or
	(c)	any other statutory instrument of a legislative nature; or
	(d)	the common law.
lawyer means a legal practitioner. 
legal aid commission means the Legal Aid Commission (A.C.T.) established by the Legal Aid Act 1977.
legal practitioner means a barrister, solicitor, barrister and solicitor or legal practitioner entered onto the High Court Register of Practitioners or on the roll, however described, of the Supreme Court of a State or Territory. 
Legislation Act means the Legislation Act 2001.
Legislative Assembly means the Legislative Assembly for the Territory. 
Note	The Assembly is established by the Self-Government Act, s 8 (1).
liability means any liability or obligation (whether liquidated or unliquidated, certain or contingent, or accrued or accruing). 
magistrate means a Magistrate under the Magistrates Court Act 1930. 
Magistrates Court means the Magistrates Court established by the Magistrates Court Act 1930. 
make an instrument includes issue and grant the instrument. 
making, of a statutory instrument, means the signing, sealing, approval or other endorsement of the instrument by the entity authorised or required to make it.
master, in relation to the Supreme Court, means the Master of the Supreme Court.
Note	The office of master is established under the Supreme Court Act 1933.
may—see section 146.
medical practitioner means a doctor.
mental health tribunal means the Mental Health Tribunal established by the Mental Health (Treatment and Care) Act 1994. 
midnight, in relation to a particular day, means the time when the day ends. 
Minister—see section 162.
modification includes modification by addition, omission and substitution. 
month means calendar month. 
must—see section 146.
name includes—
	(a)	for an Act—the Act’s short title; and
	(b)	for an instrument—the instrument’s citation; and
	(c)	for a position—the position’s title or designation.
named month means one of the 12 months of the year. 
national capital authority means the National Capital Authority under the Australian Capital Territory (Planning and Land Management) Act 1988 (Cwlth).
national land means National Land under the Australian Capital Territory (Planning and Land Management) Act 1988 (Cwlth). 
Note	If an area of land in the ACT is, or is intended to be, used by or on behalf of the Commonwealth, it may be declared National Land under the Australian Capital Territory (Planning and Land Management) Act 1988 (Cwlth), s 27.
night means the period between sunset on one day and sunrise on the next day.
Northern Territory means the Northern Territory of Australia.
notifiable instrument—see section 10 (Meaning of notifiable instrument).
notification—
	(a)	of an Act—see section 30 (References to notification of Acts); and
	(b)	of a statutory instrument—see section 63 (References to notification of registrable instruments).
notification day, for an Act or statutory instrument, means the day the Act or instrument is notified.
NSW Act means an Act of the New South Wales Parliament. 
number means—
	(a)	a number expressed in figures or words; or
	(b)	a combination of a number so expressed and a letter of the alphabet.
nurse means a registered nurse under the Nurses Act 1988.
oath, in relation to a person allowed by law to affirm, declare or promise includes affirmation, declaration and promise. 
occupy a position includes hold the position or exercise functions of the position.
office includes position. 
office of fair trading means the Office of Fair Trading of the Australian Capital Territory. 
Note	The Fair Trading (Consumer Affairs) Act 1973 establishes the office and deals with its functions and powers.
ombudsman means the Ombudsman under the Ombudsman Act 1989. 
omit, in relation to a provision of an Act or statutory instrument, includes repeal.
ordinance means an ordinance made under the Seat of Government (Administration) Act 1910 (Cwlth), section 12. 
parliamentary counsel means the person performing the duties of Parliamentary Counsel in the public service.
passing, of an Act—see section 29 (References to enactment or passing of Acts).
penalty unit—see section 133.
person includes an individual and a corporation.
Note	Section 160 deals with references to a person generally.
pharmacist means a registered pharmacist under the Pharmacy Act 1931.
planning and land authority means the Planning and Land Authority established under the Planning and Land Act 2002, section 7 (1).
planning and land council means the Planning and Land Council established under the Planning and Land Act 2002, section 25.
police officer means a member or special member of the Australian Federal Police. 
position includes office. 
power includes authority. 
prescribed, in an Act, means prescribed by the Act or under regulations under the Act. 
privacy commissioner means the Privacy Commissioner under the Privacy Act 1998 (Cwlth).
proceeding means a legal or other action or proceeding. 
property means any legal or equitable estate or interest (whether present or future, vested or contingent, or tangible or intangible) in real or personal property of any description (including money), and includes a thing in action. 
Note	A thing in action is an intangible personal property right recognised and protected by the law.  Examples include debts, money held in a bank, shares, rights under a trust, copyright and right to sue for breach of contract.
provision—see section 16 (Meaning of provision).
public employee means—
	(a)	a public servant; or
	(b)	a person employed by a Territory instrumentality; or
	(c)	a statutory office-holder or a person employed by a statutory office-holder. 
public health officer—see the Public Health Act 1997, dictionary.
public money, of the Territory, means revenues, loans and other money received by the Territory. 
public servant means a person employed in the public service. 
public service means the Australian Capital Territory Public Service. 
Note	The Public Sector Management Act 1994, s 12 deals with the constitution of the public service.
public trustee means the Public Trustee for the Australian Capital Territory under the Public Trustee Act 1985. 
quarter means a period of 3 months beginning on 1 January, 1 April, 1 July or 1 October in any year.
recognised transgender person—see section 169A (3).
registered surveyor means a surveyor under the Surveyors Act 2001.
registrable instrument—see section 12 (Meaning of registrable instrument).
registrar means—
	(a)	in relation to the Supreme Court—the registrar of the Supreme Court; or
	(b)	in relation to the Magistrates Court—the registrar of the Magistrates Court; or
	(c)	in relation to a tribunal—the registrar of the tribunal.
registrar-general means the Registrar-General under the Registrar-General Act 1993. 
registrar of firearms means the Registrar of Firearms under the Firearms Act 1996.
registrar of liquor licences means the Registrar of Liquor Licences under the Liquor Act 1975.
regulations, in relation to an Act, means regulations made or in force under the Act. 
remand centre means an area declared under the Remand Centres Act 1976 to be a remand centre or a temporary remand centre.
remand centre administrator means the Administrator under the Remand Centres Act 1976, section 6.
remuneration tribunal means the Remuneration Tribunal established by the Remuneration Tribunal Act 1995. 
repeal includes—
	(a)	for an Act or statutory instrument—omit a provision of the Act or instrument; and
	(b)	for an Act or statutory instrument (or a provision of it)—abrogate or limit its effect, or exclude from its application, any circumstance, matter, person, place or purpose; and
	(c)	for a provision of an Act or statutory instrument—omit the provision (or a part of it); and
	(d)	for a statutory instrument—revoke the instrument (or part of it); and
	(e)	for a decision—revoke it or cancel it; and
	(f)	for chapter 9 (Repeal and amendment of laws)—see section 82 (Definitions for ch 9).
residential tenancies tribunal means the Residential Tenancies Tribunal established by the Residential Tenancies Act 1997. 
road transport authority means the Australian Capital Territory Road Transport Authority.
Note	The chief executive of the department responsible for the Road Transport (General) Act 1999 is the road transport authority (see Road Transport (General) Act 1999, s 16).
rules means—
	(a)	of a court or tribunal—rules made by the person or body having power to make rules (however described) regulating the practice and procedure of the court or tribunal; and
	(b)	in relation to an Act—rules made or in force under the Act.
rural firefighting service means the Rural Firefighting Service established by the Bushfire Act 1936.
see, in a definition—see section 131 (Signpost definitions).
Self-Government Act means the Australian Capital Territory (Self-Government) Act 1988 (Cwlth). 
self-government day means 11 May 1989. 
Note	This is the day when the remaining provisions of the Self-Government Act commenced and, in particular, the Australian Capital Territory was established as a body politic, the Legislative Assembly was empowered to make laws for the ACT and the Executive was established.
sentence administration board means the Sentence Administration Board under the Rehabilitation of Offenders (Interim) Act 2001.
sign includes attach a seal and make a mark. 
sitting day, of the Legislative Assembly, means a day when the Assembly meets. 
Small Claims Court means the Magistrates Court when exercising jurisdiction as the Small Claims Court. 
Note	The Magistrates Court (Civil Jurisdiction) Act 1982 deals with the exercise of this jurisdiction.
solicitor means a lawyer who practises as a solicitor. 
Speaker means the Presiding Officer of the Legislative Assembly. 
Note	The presiding officer is elected under the Self-Government Act, s 11.
Standards Australia means the company named Standards Australia International Limited (ACN 087 326 690). 
State means a State of the Commonwealth, and includes the Northern Territory. 
statutory declaration means a statutory declaration made under the Statutory Declarations Act 1959 (Cwlth). 
statutory instrument—see section 13 (Meaning of statutory instrument).
statutory office-holder means a person occupying a position under an Act or statutory instrument (other than a position in the public service).
subordinate law—see section 8 (Meaning of subordinate law).
summary offence—see section 190 (2).
Supreme Court means the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. 
Note	The Supreme Court is established by the Supreme Court Act 1933, s 3.  The Self-Government Act, s 48A deals with the jurisdiction and powers of the court.
swear, in relation to a person allowed by law to affirm, declare or promise, includes affirmation, declaration and promise. 
Territory authority means a body established under an Act. 
Territory instrumentality means a corporation that—
	(a)	is established under an Act or statutory instrument, or under the Corporations Act; and
	(b)	is a Territory instrumentality under the Public Sector Management Act 1994.
Note	Territory instrumentality is defined in the Public Sector Management Act 1994, s 3.
Territory land means Territory Land under the Australian Capital Territory (Planning and Land Management) Act 1988 (Cwlth). 
Note	The Australian Capital Territory (Planning and Land Management) Act 1988 (Cwlth), s 28 provides that if land in the ACT is not national land (see the definition above) it is Territory land.
Territory owned corporation means a Territory owned corporation under the Territory Owned Corporations Act 1990.
Territory plan means the Territory plan under the Land (Planning and Environment) Act 1991.
the Territory means—
	(a)	when used in a geographical sense—the Australian Capital Territory; or
	(b)	in any other case—the body politic established by the Self-Government Act, section 7.
transgender person—see section 169A (1) and (2).
transitional includes saving.
Treasurer means the Minister designated Treasurer by the Chief Minister, and includes a Minister authorised by the Chief Minister to act on behalf of the Treasurer.
tribunal includes any entity that is authorised to hear, receive and examine evidence.
UK Act means an Act of the United Kingdom Parliament. 
under, in relation to an Act or statutory instrument or a provision of an Act or statutory instrument, includes the following:
	(a)	by;
	(b)	by virtue of;
	(c)	for or for the purposes of;
	(d)	in accordance with;
	(e)	in pursuance of;
	(f)	pursuant to;
	(g)	within the meaning of.
United Kingdom means the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 
United Kingdom Parliament means—
	(a)	the Parliament of England; or
	(b)	the Parliament of Great Britain; or
	(c)	the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; or
	(d)	the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
veterinary surgeon means a registered veterinary surgeon under the Veterinary Surgeons Act 1965.
will includes a codicil.
word includes any drawing, figure, number and symbol. 
working day means a day that is not a Saturday, Sunday or public holiday.
writing includes any way of representing or reproducing words in visible form. 
Examples
printing, photocopying, photography, typewriting
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
year, without specifying the kind of year, means calendar year. 

Part 2	Words and expressions for Legislation Act 2001 only
Note	Words and expressions that apply to all Acts and statutory instruments are set out in pt 1.
administrator, for part 19.5 (Service of documents)—see section 246.
agency, for part 19.5 (Service of documents)—see section 246.
appointee—
	(a)	for division 19.3.1 (Appointments—other than acting appointments)—see section 207 (2); and
	(b)	for division 19.3.2 (Acting appointments)—see section 217 (2).
appointer—
	(a)	for division 19.3.1 (Appointments—other than acting appointments)—see section 205; and
	(b)	for division 19.3.2 (Acting appointments)—see section 215; and
	(c)	for part 19.4 (Delegations)—see section 230 (1).
approved web site means an internet site approved under section 21 (Approved web site).
authorised republication—see section 15 (Meaning of authorised republication).
authorising law, for chapter 5 (Regulatory impact statements for subordinate laws and disallowable instruments)—see section 31 (Definitions for ch 5).
benefits, for chapter 5 (Regulatory impact statements for subordinate laws and disallowable instruments)—see section 31 (Definitions for ch 5).
business address, for part 19.5 (Service of documents)—see section 246.
corporation, for part 19.5 (Service of documents)—see section 246.
costs, for chapter 5 (Regulatory impact statements for subordinate laws and disallowable instruments)—see section 31 (Definitions for ch 5).
current legislative drafting practice means the legislative drafting practices from time to time used in the Parliamentary Counsel’s Office.
delegate, for part 19.4 (Delegations)—see section 233 (2).
determinative provision—see section 5 (2).
document, for part 19.5 (Service of documents)—see section 246.
editorial amendment, of a law—see section 116 (Ambit of editorial amendments).
email address, for part 19.5 (Service of documents)—see section 246.
executive officer, for part 19.5 (Service of documents)—see section 246.
fax number, for part 19.5 (Service of documents)—see section 246.
fee, for part 6.3 (Making of certain statutory instruments about fees)—see section 55 (Definitions for pt 6.3).
home address, for part 19.5 (Service of documents)—see section 246.
law—
	(a)	for chapter 8 (Commencement and exercise of powers before commencement)—see section 72 (Meaning of law in ch 8); and
	(b)	for chapter 9 (Repeal and amendment of laws)—see section 82 (Definitions for ch 9); and
	(c)	for chapter 11 (Republication of Acts and statutory instruments)—see section 107 (Meaning of law in ch 11); and
	(d)	for chapter 13 (Structure of Acts and statutory instruments)—see section 125 (Meaning of law in ch 13); and
	(e)	for chapter 16 (Courts, tribunals and other decision-makers)—see section 175 (Meaning of law in ch 16); and
	(f)	for chapter 17 (Entities and positions)—see section 185 (Meaning of law in ch 17); and
	(g)	for chapter 19 (Administrative and machinery provisions)—see section 195 (Meaning of law in ch 19).
non-determinative provision—see section 5 (3).
provide a service, for part 6.3 (Making of certain statutory instruments about fees)—see section 55 (Definitions for pt 6.3).
referential words means words that identify a provision as a provision, or part of a provision, of the Act, statutory instrument or provision in which they appear.
Examples
1	of this Act
2	of this section
3	hereof
4	said
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see s 126 and s 132).
register  means the ACT legislation register.
republication means a republication of a law with the meaning of section 107 (Meaning of law in ch 11).
republication date, for an authorised republication, means the date stated in the republication as the republication date.
responsible, for part 19.5 (Service of documents)—see section 246.
scrutiny committee principles, for chapter 5 (Regulatory impact statements for subordinate laws and disallowable instruments)—see section 31 (Definitions for ch 5).
service, for part 6.3 (Making of certain statutory instruments about fees)—see section 55 (Definitions for pt 6.3).

Endnotes
1	About the endnotes
Amending and modifying laws are annotated in the legislation history and the amendment history.  Current modifications are not included in the republished law but are set out in the endnotes.
Not all editorial amendments made under the Legislation Act 2001, part 11.3 are annotated in the amendment history.  Full details of any amendments can be obtained from the Parliamentary Counsel’s Office.
Uncommenced amending laws and expiries are listed in the legislation history and the amendment history.  These details are underlined.  Uncommenced provisions and amendments are not included in the republished law but are set out in the last endnote.
If all the provisions of the law have been renumbered, a table of renumbered provisions gives details of previous and current numbering.  
The endnotes also include a table of earlier republications.
If the republished law includes penalties, current information about penalty unit values appears on the republication inside front cover.
2	Abbreviation key
am = amended	ord = ordinance	
amdt = amendment	orig = original	
ch = chapter	p = page	
cl = clause	par = paragraph	
def = definition	pres = present	
dict = dictionary	prev = previous	
disallowed = disallowed by the Legislative 	(prev...) = previously	
Assembly	prov = provision	
div = division	pt = part	
exp = expires/expired	r = rule/subrule	
Gaz = Gazette	reg = regulation/subregulation	
hdg = heading	renum = renumbered	
IA = Interpretation Act 1967	reloc = relocated	
ins = inserted/added	R[X] = Republication No	
LA = Legislation Act 2001	RI = reissue	
LR = legislation register	s = section/subsection	
LRA = Legislation (Republication) Act 1996	sch = schedule	
mod = modified / modification	sdiv = subdivision	
No = number	sub = substituted	
num = numbered	SL  = Subordinate Law	
o = order	underlining = whole or part not commenced	
om = omitted/repealed	or to be expired	
3	Legislation history
Legislation Act 2001 No 14
notified 5 April 2001 (Gaz 2001 No 14)
s 1, s 2 commenced 5 April 2001 (IA s 10B)
remainder commenced 12 September 2001 (s 2 and Gaz 2001 No S65)
as amended by
Legislation (Consequential Amendments) Act 2001 No 44 pt 220
notified 26 July 2001 (Gaz 2001 No 30)
s 1, s 2 commenced 26 July 2001 (IA s 10B)
pt 220 commenced 12 September 2001 (s 2 and see Gaz 2001 No S65)
Statute Law Amendment Act 2001 (No 2) 2001 No 56 pt 2.2
notified 5 September 2001 (Gaz 2001 No S65)
s 1, s 2 commenced 5 September 2001 (IA s 10B)
amdts 2.67, 2.69, 2.78, 2.81 commenced 12 September 2001 (s 2 (2))
pt 2.2 remainder commenced 5 September 2001 (s 2 (1))
as modified by
Legislation Regulations 2001 SL 2001 No 34 reg 6
notified LR 13 September 2001
commenced 13 September 2001 (reg 2)
as amended by
Justice and Community Safety Legislation Amendment Act 2001 No 70 sch 1
notified LR 14 September 2001
amdt commenced 14 September 2001 (s 2 (5))
Defamation Act 2001 No 88 s 43 (2)
notified LR 24 September 2001
s 1, s 2 commenced 24 September 2001 (LA s 75)
s 43 (2) commenced 1 July 2002 (s 2)
Legislation Amendment Act 2002 No 11 ss 3-29, sch 1, pt 2.29
notified LR 27 May 2002
s 1, s 2 commenced 27 May 2002 (LA s 75)
ss 3-29, sch 1, pt 2.29 commenced 28 May 2002 (s 2 (1))
Justice and Community Safety Legislation Amendment Act 2002 No 27 pt 8
notified LR 9 September 2002
s 1, s 2 commenced 9 September 2002 (LA s 75)
pt 8 commenced 7 October 2002 (s 2 (2))
Statute Law Amendment Act 2002 No 30 pt 2.1
notified LR 16 September 2002
s 1, s 2 taken to have commenced 19 May 1997 (LA s 75 (2))
amdt 2.3 taken to have commenced 12 September 2001 (s 2 (2))
pt 2.1 remainder commenced 17 September 2002 (s 2 (1))
Civil Law (Wrongs) Act 2002 No 40 div 3.2.8
notified LR 10 October 2002 
s 1, s 2 commenced 10 October 2002 (LA s 75 (1))
div 3.2.8 commenced 1 November 2002 (s 2 (2) and CN2002-13)
Statute Law Amendment Act 2002 (No 2) No 49 pt 2.1
notified LR 20 December 2002
s 1, s 2 taken to have commenced 7 October 1994 (LA s 75 (2))
pt 2.1 commenced 17 January 2003 (s 2 (1))
Criminal Code 2002 No 51 pt 1.12
notified LR 20 December 2002
s 1, s 2 commenced 20 December 2002 (LA 75 (1))
pt 1.12 commenced 1 January 2003 (s 2 (1))
Planning and Land (Consequential Amendments) Act 2002 No 56 pt 3.13
notified LR 20 December 2002
s 1, s 2 commenced 20 December 2002 (LA s 75 (1))
sch 3 pt 3.13 commences 1 July 2003 (s 2 and see Planning and Land Act 2002 A2002-55, s 2)
Legislation (Gay, Lesbian and Transgender) Amendment Act 2003 A2003-14 pt 2
notified LR 27 March 2003
s 1, s 2 commenced 27 March 2003 (LA s 75 (1))
pt 2 commenced 28 March 2003 (s 2)
Consumer and Trader Tribunal Act 2003 A2003-16 s 70
notified LR 9 April 2003
s 1, s 2 commenced 9 April 2003 (LA s 75 (1))
s 70 awaiting commencement (s 2)
Note	default commencement under LA s 79: 9 October 2003
Legislation (Statutory Interpretation) Amendment Act 2003 A2003-18
notified LR 9 April 2003
s 1, s 2 commenced 9 April 2003 (LA s 75 (1))
remainder commenced 10 April 2003 (s 2)
4	Amendment history
Dictionary
s 2	orig s 2 om LA s 89 (4)
	(prev s 3) am 2001 No 56 amdt 2.18
	renum 2002 No 11 s 5
Notes
s 2A	(prev s 4) am 2001 No 56 amdt 2.19; 2002 No 11 amdt 1.1
	renum 2002 No 11 s 5
	(2), (3) exp 2 September 2003 (s 2A (3))
Objects
s 3	orig s 3 renum as s 2
	(prev s 5) am 2002 No 11 s 4
	renum 2002 No 11 s 5
Application of Act
s 4	orig s 4 renum as s 2A
	ins 2002 No 11 s 6
Determinative and non-determinative provisions
s 5	orig s 5 renum as s 3
	ins 2002 No 11 s 6
Legislation Act provisions must be applied
s 6	sub 2002 No 11 s 6
Meaning of instrument
s 14	am 2001 No 56 amdt 2.20
Meaning of provision
s 16	am 2001 No 56 amdt 2.21
ACT legislation register
s 18	am 2001 No 56 amdt 2.22
Contents of register
s 19	sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.23
	am 2002 No 11 s 7; 2002 No 11 amdt 1.2; ss renum R5 LA (see 2002 No 11 amdt 1.3); 2002 No 49 amdt 2.1, amdt 2.1; pars renum R13 LA (see 2002 No 49 amdt 2.3)
Access to registered material at approved web site
s 22	am 2001 No 56 amdt 2.24
Authorised electronic versions
s 24	am 2001 No 56 amdt 2.25, amdt 2.26; 2002 No 11 amdt 1.4
Notification of Acts
s 28	am 2001 No 56 amdts 2.27-2.29; 2002 No 11 amdt 1.5
References to notification of Acts
s 30	am 2001 No 56 amdt 2.30, amdt 2.31
Guidelines about costs of proposed subordinate laws and disallowable instruments
s 33	(3), (4) exp 12 March 2002 (s 33 (4))
When is preparation of regulatory impact statement unnecessary? 
s 36	am 2002 No 30 amdt 2.1
Making of certain statutory instruments by Executive
s 41 hdg	sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.32
	sub 2002 No 11 s 8
s 41	am 2001 No 56 amdts 2.33-2.36
	sub 2002 No 11 s 8
Power to make statutory instruments
s 42	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.6
Statutory instruments to be interpreted not to exceed powers under authorising law
s 43	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.7
Power to make statutory instruments for an Act etc
s 44	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.8, amdt 1.9; 2002 No 49 amdt 2.54
Power to make court rules
s 45	sub 2002 No 11 s 9
	am 2002 No 49 amdt 2.4, amdt 2.54
Power to make instrument includes power to amend or repeal
s 46	am 2002 No 11 s 10
Statutory instrument may make provision by applying law or instrument
s 47	sub 2002 No 11 s 11
	am 2002 No 49 amdt 2.5
Power to make instrument includes power to make different provision for different categories etc
s 48	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.10; 2002 No 49 amdt 2.54
Single instrument may exercise several powers or satisfy several requirements
s 49	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.11
Relationship between authorising law and instrument dealing with same matter
s 50	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.12, amdt 1.13; 2002 No 49 amdt 2.54
Instrument may authorise determination of matter etc
s 52	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.14; ss renum R5 LA (see 2002 No 11 amdt 1.15)
Instrument may prohibit
s 53	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.16, amdt 1.17
Instrument may require making of statutory declaration
s 54	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.18; 2002 No 30 amdt 2.2
Determination of fees by disallowable instrument
s 56	am 2001 No 56 amdt 2.37, amdt 2.38; ss renum R1 LA (see 2001 No 56 amdt 2.39); 2002 No 11 amdt 1.19, amdt 1.20; 2002 No 49 amdt 2.54
Fees payable in accordance with determination etc
s 57	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.21
Regulations may make provision about fees
s 58	am 2001 No 56 amdt 2.40; 2002 No 11 amdt 1.22; ss renum R5 LA (see 2002 No 11 amdt 1.23)
Numbering
s 59	am 2001 No 56 amdt 2.41
Correction of name of registrable instrument
s 60	am 2001 No 56 amdt 2.42, amdt 2.43; 2001 No 70 amdt 1.8; 2002 No 49 amdt 2.6, amdt 2.7
Notification of registrable instruments
s 61	sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.44
	am 2002 No 11 s 12, amdt 1.24; ss renum R5 LA (see 2002 No 11 amdt 1.25)
Effect of failure to notify registrable instrument
s 62	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.26, amdt 1.27
References to notification of registrable instruments
s 63	am 2001 No 56 amdt 2.45, amdt 2.46
Presentation of subordinate laws and disallowable instruments
s 64 hdg	sub 2002 No 11 amdt 1.28
s 64	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.29
Disallowance by resolution of Assembly
s 65 hdg	sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.47
s 65	am 2001 No 56 amdt 2.48, amdt 2.49; 2002 No 11 amdt 1.30
Notification of disallowance by resolution of Assembly
s 65A	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.50
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.31
Revival of affected laws
s 66	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.32
Making of instrument same in substance within 6 months after disallowance
s 67	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.33
Amendment by resolution of Assembly
s 68	am 2001 No 56 amdts 2.51-2.53; ss renum R1 LA (see 2001 No 56 amdt 2.54); 2002 No 11 amdt 1.34
Notification of amendments made by resolution of Assembly
s 69	am 2001 No 56 amdt 2.55, amdt 2.56; 2002 No 11 amdt 1.35; 2002 No 49 amdt 2.8
Making of amendment restoring effect of law within 6 months after amendment
s 70	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.36
Effect of dissolution or expiry of Assembly on notice of motion
s 71	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.37
General rules about commencement
s 73	am 2002 No 11 s 13, s 14, amdt 1.38, amdt 1.39
Time of commencement
s 74	sub 2002 No 11 s 15
Commencement of naming and commencement provisions on notification day
s 75	am 2002 No 11 s 16; 2002 No 49 amdt 2.9, amdt 2.10
Non-prejudicial provision may commence retrospectively
s 76	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.40; ss renum R5 LA (see 2002 No 11 amdt 1.41)
Commencement by commencement notice
s 77	am 2002 No 11 s 17, amdt 1.42; 2002 No 49 amdt 2.11
Separate commencement of amendments
s 78	sub 2002 No 11 amdt 1.43
Automatic commencement of postponed law
s 79	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.44; 2002 No 49 amdt 2.12
References to commencement of law
s 80	am 2002 No 49 amdt 2.13
Exercise of powers between notification and commencement
s 81	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.45-1.47
Definitions for ch 9
s 82	def repeal sub 2002 No 49 amdt 2.14
Consequences of amendment of statutory instrument by Act
s 83	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.48, amdt 1.49
Saving of operation of repealed and amended laws
s 84	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.50; ss renum R5 LA (see 2002 No 11 amdt 1.51)
Creation of offences and changes in penalties
s 84A	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.57
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.52
When repeal takes effect
s 85	sub 2002 No 11 s 18
Repealed and amended laws not revived on repeal of repealing and amending laws
s 86	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.53; ss renum R5 LA (see 2002 No 11 amdt 1.54)
Commencement not undone if repealed
s 87	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.55
Repeal does not end effect of transitional laws etc
s 88 hdg	sub 2002 No 49 amdt 2.15
s 88	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.56
Automatic repeal of certain laws and provisions
s 89	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.57-1.59; ss renum R5 LA (see 2002 No 11 amdt 1.60); 2002 No 30 amdt 2.3; 2002 No 49 amdts 2.16-2.18, 2.20-2.23; ss renum R13 LA (see 2002 No 49 amdt 2.19)
Insertion of provisions by amending law
s 91	am 2001 No 56 amdt 2.58; 2002 No 11 amdt 1.61-1.63; ss renum R5 LA (see 2002 No 11 amdt 1.64)
Amendment to be made whenever possible
s 92	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.65-1.68
Provisions included in another provision for amendment purposes
s 93	am 2001 No 56 amdt 2.59, amdt 2.60; 2002 No 11 amdt 1.69
Continuance of appointments etc made under amended provisions
s 94	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.70; ss renum R5 LA (see 2002 No 11 amdt 1.71); 2002 No 49 amdt 2.24
Status of modifications
s 95	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.72, amdt 1.73
Relocated provisions
s 96	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.74
References to law or instrument include law or instrument containing reference
s 97 hdg	sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.61
s 97	am 2001 No 56 amdt 2.62
Referring to laws in general terms
s 98	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.75
Referring to provisions of laws or instruments
s 101	am 2002 No 49 amdt 2.25
Reference to provisions of law or instrument is inclusive
s 101A	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.63
References to paragraphs etc
s 101B	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.63
Meaning of references to a law or instrument generally
s 102	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.76, amdt 1.77
References to laws include references to instruments under laws
s 104	am 2001 No 56 amdt 2.64
References in statutory instruments to the Act
s 105	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.78, amdt 1.79
References to repealed laws
s 106	am 2002 No 30 amdt 2.4
Republication in register
s 108	am 2001 No 56 amdt 2.65
Authorisation for parliamentary counsel
s 114	am 2001 No 70 amdt 1.8
Delegation by parliamentary counsel
s 119	renum as s 260
Scope of Acts and statutory instruments
ch 12 hdg	orig ch 12 hdg renum as ch 19 hdg and then ch 20 hdg
	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Act to be interpreted not to exceed legislative powers of Assembly 
s 120	orig s 120 renum as s 261
	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.80
Binding effect of Acts
s 121	orig s 121 renum as s 262 and then s 302
	ins 2002 No 11 s 19
Application to Territory
s 122	orig s 122 renum as s 263
	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.81
Application of s 47 (2) and (3)
s 122A	renum as s 264 and then s 304
Application of s 61 and s 62
s 123	renum as s 265 and then s 305
Application of s 69
s 124	renum as s 266
Structure of Acts and statutory instruments
ch 13 hdg	orig ch 13 hdg renum as ch 20 hdg and then ch 21 hdg
	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
General
pt 13.1 hdg	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Meaning of law in ch 13
s 125	orig s 125 renum as s 267 and then s 306
	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Material that is part of an Act or statutory instrument 
s 126	orig s 126 renum as s 268 and then s 307
	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.82; 2002 No 30 amdt 2.5
Material that is not part of an Act or statutory instrument
s 127	orig s 127 renum as s 269 and then s 308
	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.83
Status of certain instruments as notifiable instruments
s 128	renum as s 270 and then s 309
Compliance with authorisation or requirement to do something by notice in Gazette 
s 129	renum as s 271 and then s 310
Particular kinds of provisions
pt 13.2 hdg	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
What is a definition?
s 130	orig s 130 renum as s 272 and then s 313
	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Signpost definitions 
s 131	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 49 amdt 2.26, amdt 2.27
Examples
s 132	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.84
Penalty units 
s 133	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.85
Penalties at end of sections and subsections 
s 134	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.86; 2002 No 49 amdt 2.28
Penalties not at end of sections and subsections 
s 135	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.87; 2002 No 49 amdt 2.29
Interpretation of Acts and statutory instruments
ch 14 hdg	ins 2002 No 11 s 20
	sub A2003-18 s 4
Purpose and scope
pt 14.1 hdg	ins A2003-18 s 4
Meaning of Act in ch 14
s 136	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	om 2002 No 11 amdt 1.88
	ins A2003-18 s 4
Purpose and scope of ch 14
s 137	ins 2002 No 11 s 20
	sub A2003-18 s 4
Key principles of interpretation
pt 14.2 hdg	ins A2003-18 s 4
Meaning of working out the meaning of an Act
s 138	reloc from IA 2002 No 11 amdt 2.63
	sub A2003-18 s 4
Interpretation best achieving Act’s purpose
s 139	reloc from IA 2002 No 11 amdt 2.63
	pars renum R5 LA
	am 2002 No 49 amdt 2.30
	sub A2003-18 s 4
Legislative context
s 140	ins A2003-18 s 4
Non-legislative context generally
s 141	ins A2003-18 s 4
Non-legislative context—material that may be considered
s 142	ins A2003-18 s 4
Law stating material for consideration in working out meaning
s 143	ins A2003-18 s 4
Aids to interpretation
ch 15 hdg	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
ch 15 hdg note	om 2002 No 11 amdt 1.89
General
pt 15.1 hdg	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Meaning of commonly-used words and expressions 
s 144	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Gender and number
s 145	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.90
Meaning of may and must 
s 146	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.91, amdt 1.92; 2002 No 30 amdt 2.6
Changes of drafting practice not to affect meaning 
s 147	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.93
Terms used in instruments have same meanings as in authorising laws 
s 148	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.94
Age in years 
s 149	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.95
Measurement of distance
s 150	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.96
Reckoning of time
s 151	ins 2002 No 11 s 21
	am 2002 No 49 amdt 2.31
Continuing effect of obligations
s 152	ins 2002 No 11 s 21
	sub 2002 No 49 amdt 2.32
Definitions
pt 15.2 hdg	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Definitions apply subject to contrary intention
s 155	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.97, amdt 1.98
Application of definitions in dictionaries and sections
s 156	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Defined terms—other parts of speech and grammatical forms
s 157	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	sub 2002 No 11 amdt 1.99
References to various entities and things
pt 15.3 hdg	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
References to people generally 
s 160	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.100, amdt 1.101
Corporations liable to offences 
s 161	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.102; 2002 No 51 amdt 1.23; 2002 No 49 amdt 2.33
References to a Minister or the Minister 
s 162	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
References to a chief executive or the chief executive
s 163	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
References to Australian Standards 
s 164	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
References to Assembly committees that no longer exist
s 165	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
References to person with interest in land include personal representative etc
s 168	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.103
References to domestic partner and domestic partnership
s 169	ins A2003-14 s 4
References to transgender people
s 169A	ins A2003-14 s 4
References to intersex people
s 169B	ins A2003-14 s 4
Preservation of certain common law privileges
pt 15.4 hdg	ins 2002 No 11 s 22
Privileges against selfincrimination and exposure to civil penalty
s 170	ins 2002 No 11 s 22
Client legal privilege
s 171	ins 2002 No 11 s 22
Courts, tribunals and other decision-makers
ch 16 hdg	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Meaning of law in ch 16
s 175	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Jurisdiction of courts and tribunals
s 176	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.104
Recovery of amounts owing under laws 
s 177	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.105
Power to decide includes authority to administer oath etc
s 178	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.106, amdt 1.107
Content of statements of reasons for decisions
s 179	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.108
Power to make decision includes power to reverse or change 
s 180	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.109
Entities and positions
ch 17 hdg	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Meaning of law in ch 17
s 182	(prev s 185) ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	renum 2002 No 11 amdt 1.110
Change of name of entity
s 183	(prev s 187) ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	renum 2002 No 11 amdt 1.112
Change in constitution of entity
s 184	(prev s 188) ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	renum 2002 No 11 amdt 1.112
References to occupant of position
s 185	orig s 185 renum as s 182
	(prev s 189) ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	renum 2002 No 11 amdt 1.112
Change of name of position
s 186	(orig s 186) ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	om 2002 No 11 amdt 1.111
	(prev s 190) ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	renum 2002 No 11 amdt 1.112
Chairperson and deputy chairperson
s 187	orig s 187 renum as s 183
	(prev s 191) ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	renum 2002 No 11 amdt 1.112
Offences
ch 18 hdg	orig ch 18 hdg renum as ch 19 hdg
	ins 2002 No 11 s 23
Introductory
pt 18.1 hdg	renum as pt 19.1 hdg
Functions
pt 18.2 hdg	renum as pt 19.2 hdg
Appointments
pt 18.3 hdg	renum as pt 19.3 hdg
Appointments—other than acting appointments
div 18.3.1 hdg	renum as div 19.3.1.hdg
Acting appointments
div 18.3.2 hdg	renum as div 19.3.2 hdg
Delegations
pt 18.4 hdg	renum as pt 19.4 hdg
Service of documents
pt 18.5 hdg	renum as pt 19.5 hdg
Other matters
pt 18.6 hdg	renum as pt 19.7 hdg
Meaning of Territory law in ch 18
s 188	orig s 188 renum as s 184
	ins 2002 No 11 s 23
Reference to offence includes reference to related ancillary offences
s 189	orig s 189 renum as s 185
	ins 2002 No 11 s 23
	am 2002 No 51 amdt 1.24, amdt 1.25
Indictable and summary offences
s 190	orig s 190 renum as s 186
	ins 2002 No 11 s 23
Offences against 2 or more laws
s 191	orig s 191 renum as s 187
	ins 2002 No 11 s 23
When must prosecutions begin?
s 192	ins 2002 No 11 s 23
	am 2002 No 51 amdt 1.26
Continuing offences
s 193	ins 2002 No 11 s 23
Administrative and machinery provisions
ch 19 hdg	(prev ch 12 hdg) renum as ch 19 hdg and then ch 20 hdg
	(prev ch 18 hdg) ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	renum as ch 19 hdg 2002 No 11 s 24
Introductory
pt 19.1 hdg	(prev pt 18.1 hdg) ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	renum 2002 No 11 s 24
Meaning of law in ch 19
s 195	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Functions
pt 19.2 hdg	(prev pt 18.2 hdg) ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	renum 2002 No 11 s 24
Provision giving function gives power to exercise function 
s 196	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Statutory functions may be exercised from time to time
s 197	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.113, amdt 1.114
Functions of bodies 
s 199	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.115, amdt 1.116; ss renum R5 LA (see 2002 No 11 amdt 1.117)
Functions of occupants of positions 
s 200	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Appointments
pt 19.3 hdg	(prev pt 18.3 hdg) ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	renum 2002 No 11 s 24
Appointments—other than acting appointments
div 19.3.1 hdg	(prev div 18.3.1 hdg) ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	renum 2002 No 11 s 24
div 19.3.1 note	ins 2002 No 11 amdt 1.118
Application of div 19.3.1 
s 205	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.119, amdt 1.120
Appointments must be in writing etc
s 206	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	sub 2002 No 11 s 25
Appointment may be by name or position
s 207	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Power of appointment includes power to suspend etc 
s 208	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Power of appointment includes power to make acting appointment 
s 209	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Resignation of appointment
s 210	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Appointment not affected by appointer changes
s 211	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Appointment not affected by defect etc 
s 212	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Acting appointments
div 19.3.2 hdg 	(prev div 18.3.2 hdg) ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	renum 2002 No 11 s 24
Application of div 19.3.2 
s 215	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.121, amdt 1.122
Acting appointments must be in writing etc
s 216	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	sub 2002 No 11 s 26
Acting appointment may be made by name or position
s 217	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Instrument may provide when acting appointment has effect etc 
s 218	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Appointer may decide terms of acting appointment etc
s 219	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.123
Appointee may exercise functions under acting appointment etc 
s 220	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
How long does an acting appointment operate?
s 221	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.124
Resignation of acting appointment 
s 222	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Effect of acting appointment on substantive appointment etc
s 223	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Acting appointment not affected by appointer changes
s 224	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Acting appointment not affected by defect etc
s 225	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Appointments—Assembly consultation
div 19.3.3 hdg	ins 2002 No 11 s 27
Meaning of statutory position in div 19.3.3
s 226	ins 2002 No 11 s 27
Application of div 19.3.3
s 227	ins 2002 No 11 s 27
	am 2002 No 49 amdt 2.34
Consultation with appropriate Assembly committee
s 228	ins 2002 No 11 s 27
Appointment is disallowable instrument
s 229 hdg	sub 2002 No 49 amdt 2.35
s 229	ins 2002 No 11 s 27
Delegations
pt 19.4 hdg	(prev pt 18.4 hdg) ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	renum 2002 No 11 s 24
Application of pt 19.4 generally
s 230	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.125
Application of pt 19.4 to subdelegations 
s 231	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.126
Delegation must be in writing etc
s 232	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Delegation may be made by name or position 
s 233	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Instrument may provide when delegation has effect etc 
s 234	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Delegation may be made to 2 or more delegates
s 235	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Power to delegate may not be delegated
s 236	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.127
Delegation may be amended or revoked
s 237	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Appointer responsible for delegated function
s 238	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Exercise of delegation by delegate 
s 239	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 49 amdt 2.36, amdt 2.37
Appointer may exercise delegated function 
s 240	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Delegation not affected by appointer changes 
s 241	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Delegation not affected by defect etc
s 242	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Service of documents
pt 19.5 hdg	(prev pt 18.5 hdg) ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	renum 2002 No 11 s 24
Application of pt 19.5
s 245	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Definitions for pt 19.5
s 246	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	def home address am 2002 No 30 amdt 2.7
Service of documents on individuals
s 247	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 49 amdt 2.38, amdt 2.39
Service of documents on corporations 
s 248	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 49 amdt 2.40, amdt 2.41
Service of documents on agencies
s 249	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
When service taken to be effected 
s 250	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.128
Other laws not affected etc
s 251	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.129
Powers of courts and tribunals not affected
s 252	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Functions of Executive and Ministers
pt 19.6 hdg	ins 2002 No 11 s 29
Exercise of functions of Executive
s 253	ins 2002 No 11 s 29
Administration of matters not allocated
s 254	ins 2002 No 11 s 29
Delegation by Minister
s 254A	ins 2002 No 11 s 29
Other matters
pt 19.7 hdg	(prev pt 18.6 hdg) ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	sub 2002 No 11 s 28
Forms
s 255	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.130, amdt 1.131; 2002 No 49 amdt 2.42
Production of records kept in computers etc 
s 256	ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.68
Delegation by parliamentary counsel
s 260	(prev s 119) renum 2001 No 56 amdt 2.67
	om 2002 No 11 amdt 1.132
References to Administration Act 1989 etc
s 261	(prev s 120) renum 2001 No 56 amdt 2.67
	om 2002 No 11 amdt 1.132
Regulation-making power
s 262	(prev s 121) renum as s 262 and then s 302
Application of s 28
s 263	(prev s 122) renum 2001 No 56 amdt 2.67
	exp 12 March 2002 (s 263 (2))
Application of s 47 (2) to (6)
s 264	(prev s 122A) renum as s 264 and then s 304
Application of s 61 and s 62
s 265	(prev s 123) renum as s 265 and then s 305
Application of s 69
s 266	(prev s 124) renum 2001 No 56 amdt 2.67
	exp 12 March 2002 (s 266 (2))
Transitional regulations
s 267	(prev s 125) renum as s 267 and then s 306
Modification of ch 20’s operation
s 268	(prev s 126) renum as s 268 and then s 307
Status of certain instruments as disallowable instruments
s 269	(prev s 127) renum as s 269 and then s 308
Status of certain instruments as notifiable instruments
s 270	(prev s 128) renum as s 270 and then s 309
Compliance with authorisation or requirement to do something by notice in Gazette
s 271	(prev s 129) renum as s 271 and then s 310
Commencement of Acts that refer to notification or notice in the Gazette
s 271B	renum as s 311
Commencement of registrable instruments that refer to notification or notice in the Gazette
s 271C	renum as s 312
Status of republications under Legislation (Republication) Act 1996
s 272	(prev s 130) renum as s 272 and then s 313
Transitional provisions about penalties
s 273	renum as s 314
Status of certain determinations
s 274	renum as s 315
Miscellaneous
ch 20 hdg	(prev ch 13 hdg) renum as ch 20 hdg and then ch 21 hdg
	(prev ch 12 hdg) renum as ch 19 hdg 2001 No 56 amdt 2.66
	renum as ch 20 hdg 2002 No 11 s 24
Delegation by parliamentary counsel
s 300	ins 2002 No 11 amdt 1.132
References to Administration Act 1989 etc
s 301	ins 2002 No 11 amdt 1.132
Regulation-making power
s 302	(prev s 121) renum as s 262 2001 No 56 amdt 2.67
	renum as s 302 R5 LA (see 2002 No 11 amdt 1.133)
Transitional
ch 21 hdg	(prev ch 13 hdg) renum as ch 20 hdg 2001 No 56 amdt 2.66
	renum as ch 21 hdg 2002 No 11 s 24
Application of s 47 (2) to (6)
s 304 hdg	(prev s 122A hdg) renum as s 264 hdg and then s 304 hdg
	sub 2002 No 11 amdt 1.134
s 304	(prev s 122A) ins 2001 No 44 amdt 1.2623
	renum as s 264 2001 No 56 amdt 2.67
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.135
	renum as s 304 R5 LA (see 2002 No 11 amdt 1.136)
	exp 12 September 2004 (s 304 (4))
Application of s 61 and s 62
s 305	(prev s 123) renum as s 265 2001 No 56 amdt 2.67
	renum as s 305 R5 LA (see 2002 No 11 amdt 1.136)
	exp 12 September 2002 (s 305 (3))
Transitional regulations
s 306	(prev s 125) am 2001 No 44 amdt 1.2624
	renum as s 267 2001 No 56 amdt 2.67
	am 2001 No 56 amdts 2.69-2.71; 2002 No 11 amdt 1.137-1.140
	renum as s 306 R5 LA (see 2002 No 11 amdt 1.136)
	exp 28 May 2003 (s 306 (5))
Modification of ch 20’s operation
s 307 hdg	(prev s 268 hdg) sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.72
s 307	(prev s 126) renum as s 268 2001 No 56 amdt 2.67
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.141
	renum as s 307 R5 LA (see 2002 No 11 amdt 1.13)
	am 2002 No 49 amdt 2.54
	exp 28 May 2003 (s 307 (2))
Status of certain instruments as disallowable instruments
s 308	(prev s 127) renum as s 269 2001 No 56 amdt 2.67
	renum as s 308 R5 LA (see 2002 No 11 amdt 1.136)
	exp 12 September 2004 (s 308 (4))
Status of certain instruments as notifiable instruments
s 309	(prev s 128) renum as s 270 2001 No 56 amdt 2.67
	renum as s 309 R5 LA (see 2002 No 11 amdt 1.136)
	exp 12 September 2004 (s 309 (7))
Compliance with authorisation or requirement to do something by notice in Gazette 
s 310	(prev s 129) renum as s 271 2001 No 56 amdt 2.67
	am 2001 No 56 amdt 2.73
	renum as s 310 R5 LA (see 2002 No 11 amdt 1.136)
	exp 12 September 2004 (s 310 (5))
Commencement of Acts that refer to notification or notice in the Gazette
s 311	(prev s 271B) ins as mod SL 2001 No 34 reg 6
	renum R5 LA (see 2002 No 11 amdt 1.136)
	exp 13 September 2002 (s 311 (5))
Commencement of registrable instruments that refer to notification or notice in the Gazette
s 312	(prev s 271C) ins as mod SL 2001 No 34 reg 6
	renum R5 LA (see 2002 No 11 amdt 1.136)
	exp 13 September 2002 (s 312 (5))
Status of republications under Legislation (Republication) Act 1996
s 313	(prev s 130) renum as s 272 2001 No 56 amdt 2.67
	renum as s 313 R5 LA (see 2002 No 11 amdt 1.136)
	exp 12 September 2004 (s 313 (3))
Transitional provisions about penalties 
s 314	(prev s 273) ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.74
	renum R5 LA (see 2002 No 11 amdt 1.136)
	exp 12 September 2003 (s 314 (5))
Status of certain determinations
s 315	(prev s 274) ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.74
	renum R5 LA (see 2002 No 11 amdt 1.136)
	exp 12 September 2003 (s 315 (6))
Former NSW and UK Acts in force before establishment of Territory
sch 1 pt 1.1 hdg	(prev sch 1 pt 1 hdg) sub and renum 2001 No 56 amdt 2.75
sch 1 pt 1.1	am 2001 No 44 amdt 1.2625; 2001 No 56 amdts 2.76-2.79; 2001 No 88 s 43 (2); 2002 No 40 amdt 3.28; items renum R11 LA (see 2002 No 40 amdt 3.29)
	sub 2002 No 49 amdt 2.43
Former NSW Acts applied after establishment of Territory
sch 1 pt 1.2 hdg	(prev sch 1 pt 2 hdg) sub and renum 2001 No 56 amdt 2.80
sch 1 pt 1.2	am 2001 No 44 amdt 1.2626, amdt 1.2627; 2001 No 56 amdt 2.81
Dictionary
dict pt 1	def AAT ins 2002 No 49 amdt 2.44
	def Act sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def ACT reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def ADI reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	sub 2002 No 49 amdt 2.45
	def administrative appeals tribunal reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def administrative unit reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def adult reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def affidavit reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def ambulance service reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def amend sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def appoint reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def asset reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Attorney-General ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def auditor-general reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Australia reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Australian driver licence reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def authorised deposit-taking institution reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	sub 2002 No 49 amdt 2.46
	def bank reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def barrister reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def body reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def breach reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def building society reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def business day reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def by-laws ins 2002 No 11 amdt 1.142
	def calendar month reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def calendar year reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def change reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def chief executive ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def chief fire control officer ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def chief health officer reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Chief Justice reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Chief Magistrate reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Chief Minister reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def chief planning executive ins 2002 No 56 amdt 3.43
	def chief police officer reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def child reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Childrens Court reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def city area reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def clerk reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def commencement sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def commencement notice sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def commissioner for fair trading reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def commissioner for health complaints ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def commissioner for housing reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def commissioner for land and planning reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	om 2002 No 56 amdt 3.44
	def commissioner for public administration reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def commissioner for revenue reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def commissioner for surveys reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def commissioner for the environment ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def commissioner of police reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def committed for trial reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Commonwealth reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Commonwealth country reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Commonwealth Gazette reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def community advocate reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def confer reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def conservator of flora and fauna reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def consumer and trader tribunal ins A2003-16 s 70
	def Consumer Credit (Australian Capital Territory) Code reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Consumer Credit (Australian Capital Territory) Regulations reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def contravene reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def converted ordinance reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Coroner’s Court reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def corporation reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Corporations Act ins in IA 2001No 56 amdt 2.14
	reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def court of summary jurisdiction reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def credit tribunal reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def credit union reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Criminal Code ins 2002 No 51 amdt 1.27
	def custodial escort ins 2002 No 30 amdt 2.8
	def daylight reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def definition ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def dentist reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def dental prosthetist reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def dental technician reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def designation reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def director of corrective services ins 2002 No 30 amdt 2.8
	def director of public prosecutions (or DPP) reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def disallowable instrument sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def discrimination commissioner reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def discrimination tribunal reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def doctor reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def document reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def domestic partner ins A2003-14 s 5
	def domestic partnership ins A2003-14 s 5
	def DPP ins 2002 No 49 amdt 2.47
	def driver licence reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def electoral commission reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def electoral commissioner reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def enactment sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def entity ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def environment protection authority ins 2002 No 11 amdt 1.142
	def establish reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def estate reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Executive reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def exercise reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def expire reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def external Territory reloc from IA 2001 No56 amdt 2.16
	def fail reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Federal Court reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def file reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def financial year reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def fire brigade reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def fire commissioner reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def for ins 2002 No 11 amdt 1.142
	def foreign country reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def former NSW Act sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82; 2002 No 11 amdt 1.143
	def former UK Act sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82; 2002 No 11 amdt 1.143
	def found guilty reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	sub 2002 No 49 amdt 2.48
	def function reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def gambling and racing commission reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Gazette reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def give reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def government printer reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def government solicitor reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Governor ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def Governor-General ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def GST ins 2002 No 27 s 27
	def guardianship tribunal reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def High Court reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Imperial Act reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def indictable offence ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	sub 2002 No 11 amdt 1.144
	def indictment reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def individual reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def in relation to ins 2002 No 49 amdt 2.49
	def instrument sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def interest reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def internal Territory reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def intersex person ins A2003-14 s 5
	def Jervis Bay Territory reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def judge reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.145
	def Lake Burley Griffin reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Lake Ginninderra reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def land reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def land development agency ins 2002 No 56 amdt 3.45
	def law reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def lawyer reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def legal aid commission ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def legal practitioner reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Legislation Act ins 2002 No 49 amdt 2.50
	def Legislative Assembly reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def liability reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def magistrate reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Magistrates Court reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def make reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def making sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def master reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def may ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def medical practitioner ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def mental health tribunal reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def midnight reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Minister ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def modification reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def month reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def mus	t ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def name reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def named month reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def national capital authority ins 2002 No 11 amdt 1.146
	def national land reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def night reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Northern Territory reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def notifiable instrument sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def notification sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def notification day sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def NSW Act reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def number reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def nurse reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def oath reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def occupy ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def office reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def office of fair trading reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def ombudsman reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def omit ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def ordinance reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def parliamentary counsel sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def passing sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def penalty unit ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def person ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def pharmacist reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def planning and land authority ins 2002 No 56 amdt 3.47
	def planning and land council ins 2002 No 56 amdt 3.46
	def planning authority reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	om 2002 No 56 amdt 3.47
	def police officer reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def position reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def power reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def prescribed reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	am 2002 No 49 amdt 2.51
	def privacy commissioner reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def proceeding reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def property reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def provision sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def public employee reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def public health officer reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def public money reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def public servant reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def public service reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def public trustee reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def quarter  ins 2002 No 30 amdt 2.8
	def recognised transgender person ins A2003-14 s 5
	def registered surveyor reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def registrable instrument sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def registrar reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def registrar-general reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def registrar of firearms reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def registrar of liquor licences reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def regulations reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def remand centre ins 2002 No 30 amdt 2.8
	def remand centre administrator ins 2002 No 30 amdt 2.8
	def remuneration tribunal reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def repeal sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	pars renum 2002 No 11 amdt 1.147
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.148
	def residential tenancies tribunal reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def road transport authority reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def rules reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	sub 2002 No 11 amdt 1.149
	def rural firefighting service reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def see ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def Self-Government Act reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def self-government day reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def sentence administration board ins 2002 No 30 amdt 2.8
	def sign reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def sitting day reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Small Claims Court reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def solicitor reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Speaker reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Standards Australia reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def State reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def statutory declaration reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def statutory instrument sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def statutory office-holder ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	sub 2002 No 11 amdt 1.150
	def subordinate law sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def summary offence ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	sub 2002 No 11 amdt 1.151
	def Supreme Court reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def swear reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def tenancy tribunal reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	om 2002 No 49 amdt 2.52
	def the Territory ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def Territory authority reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Territory instrumentality ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def Territory land reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Territory owned corporation reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Territory plan reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	am 2002 No 49 amdt 2.53
	def transgender person ins A2003-14 s 5
	def transitional reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def Treasurer ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def tribunal sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def UK Act reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def under ins 2001 No 52 amdt 2.82
	sub 2002 No 30 amdt 2.9
	def United Kingdom reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def United Kingdom Parliament reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def veterinary surgeon reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def will ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def word reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def working day ins 2002 No 11 amdt 1.152
	def writing reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16
	def year reloc from IA 2001 No 56 amdt 2.16

dict pt 2	def administrator ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def agency ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def appointee ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def appointer ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def approved web site sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def authorised republication sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def authorising law sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def benefits sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def business address ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def corporation ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def costs sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def current legislative drafting practice sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def delegate ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def determinative provision ins 2002 No 11 amdt 1.153
	def document ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def editorial amendment sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def email address ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def executive officer ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def fax number ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def fee sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def home address ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def law sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	am 2002 No 11 amdt 1.154; pars renum 2002 No 11 amdt 1.155
	def non-determinative provision ins 2002 No 11 amdt 1.156
	def provide sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def referential words sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def register sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def republication sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def republication date sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def responsible ins 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def scrutiny committee principles sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82
	def service sub 2001 No 56 amdt 2.82

5	Earlier republications
Some earlier republications were not numbered. The number in column 1 refers to the publication order.
Since 12 September 2001 every authorised republication has been published in electronic pdf format on the ACT legislation register. A selection of authorised republications have also been published in printed format. These republications are marked with an asterisk (*) in column 1. Except for the footer, electronic and printed versions of an authorised republication are identical.
Republication No	Amendments to	Republication date	
0A	Act 2001 No 56 ‡	17 September 2002	
1	SL 2001 No 34	13 September 2001	
1 (RI)	SL 2001 No 34 ‡	17 September 2002	
2	Act 2001 No 70	14 September 2001	
2 (RI) 	Act 2001 No 70 ‡	17 September 2002	
3 	Act 2001 No 88	21 February 2002	
3 (RI)	Act 2001 No 88 ‡	17 September 2002	
4	Act 2001 No 88	13 March 2002	
4 (RI) 	Act 2001 No 88 ‡	17 September 2002	
5*	Act 2002 No 11	28 May 2002	
5 (RI)	Act 2002 No 11 ‡	17 September 2002	
6	Act 2002 No 11	1 July 2002	
6 (RI)	Act 2002 No 11 ‡	17 September 2002	
7	Act 2002 No 27	13 September 2002	
7 (RI)	Act 2002 No 27 ‡	17 September 2002	
8	Act 2002 No 27	14 September 2002	
8 (RI)	Act 2002 No 27 ‡	17 September 2002	
9	Act 2002 No 30	17 September 2002	
10	Act 2002 No 30	7 October 2002	
11	Act 2002 No 40	1 November 2002	
12	Act 2002 No 56	1 January 2003	
13	Act 2002 No 56	17 January 2003	
14	A2003-14	28 March 2003	
15	A2003-18	10 April 2003	
16	A2003-18	29 May 2003	
‡ includes retrospective amendments by Act 2002 No 30	
6	Uncommenced amendments
The following amendments have not been included in this republication because they were uncommenced at the republication date:
	Consumer and Trader Tribunal Act 2003 A2003-16 s 70
70	Legislation Act 2001
dictionary, part 1, new definition of consumer and trader tribunal
insert
consumer and trader tribunal means the Consumer and Trader Tribunal under the Consumer and Trader Tribunal Act 2003. 

©  Australian Capital Territory 2003