2004
THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY
FOR THE AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORY

(As presented)
(Minister for Industrial Relations)
Fair Work Contracts Bill 2004

Contents
	Page
Part 1	Preliminary
	1	Name of Act	2
	2	Commencement	2
	3	Object of Act	2
	4	Application outside ACT	2
	5	Dictionary	2
	6	Notes	3
	7	Offences against Act—application of Criminal Code etc	3
Part 2	Key concepts
	8	Work contract	4
	9	Contract worker	4
	10	Principal	4
Part 3	Review of work contracts
	11	Applications for review	5
	12	Remuneration cap—individual contract workers	5
	13	Revenue cap—corporate contract workers	6
	14	Time limit for applications—terminated contracts	6
	15	Representative parties	7
	16	Review of work contract	8
	17	Unfairness under work contracts	8
	18	Orders to amend or set aside unfair work contract	9
	19	Orders for compensation	10
	20	Orders prohibiting further unfair work contracts	10
Part 4	Tribunal proceedings
	21	Additional powers	12
	22	Costs	12
Part 5	Enforcing tribunal orders
	23	Court may enforce order filed in court	14
	24	Enforcement in Magistrates Court	14
	25	Contravention of court enforcement order	15
Part 6	Miscellaneous
	26	No contracting out	16
	27	Approved forms	16
	28	Determination of fees	16
	29	Regulation-making power	16
Part 7	Transitional and consequential provisions
	30	Application to work contracts	18
	31	Legislation amended—sch 1	18
Schedule 1	Consumer and Trader Tribunal Act 2003—consequential amendments	19
Dictionary		22

2004
THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY
FOR THE AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORY

(As presented)
(Minister for Industrial Relations)
Fair Work Contracts Bill 2004

A Bill for
An Act about certain work contracts, and for other purposes

    

The Legislative Assembly for the Australian Capital Territory enacts as follows:

Part 1	Preliminary
1	Name of Act
This Act is the Fair Work Contracts Act 2004.
2	Commencement
This Act commences on 1 July 2006.
Note	The naming and commencement provisions automatically commence on the notification day (see Legislation Act, s 75 (1)).
3	Object of Act
The object of this Act is to ensure fair conditions for workers under work contracts.
4	Application outside ACT
This Act extends to—
	(a)	a work contract made, or amended, in the ACT for work outside the ACT; and
	(b)	a work contract made, or amended, outside the ACT for work in the ACT.
5	Dictionary
The dictionary at the end of this Act is part of this Act.
Note 1	The dictionary at the end of this Act defines certain terms used in this Act, and includes references (signpost definitions) to other terms defined elsewhere in this Act.
For example, the signpost definition ‘contract worker—see section 9.’ means that the term ‘contract worker is defined in that section.
Note 2	A definition in the dictionary (including a signpost definition) applies to the entire Act unless the definition, or another provision of the Act, provides otherwise or the contrary intention otherwise appears (see Legislation Act, s 155 and s 156 (1)).
6	Notes
A note included in this Act is explanatory and is not part of this Act.
Note	See the Legislation Act, s 127 (1), (4) and (5) for the legal status of notes.
7	Offences against Act—application of Criminal Code etc
Other legislation applies in relation to offences against this Act.
Note 1	Criminal Code
The Criminal Code, ch 2 applies to all offences against this Act (see Code, pt 2.1).  
The chapter sets out the general principles of criminal responsibility (including burdens of proof and general defences), and defines terms used for offences to which the Code applies (eg conduct, intention, recklessness and strict liability).
Note 2	Penalty units
The Legislation Act, s 133 deals with the meaning of offence penalties that are expressed in penalty units.

Part 2	Key concepts
8	Work contract
	(1)	A work contract is a contract for services for the doing of work in an industry.
Example of work contract
A contract under which a person is to transport goods, or install electrical fittings, and—
·	is paid to achieve a particular result or outcome; and
·	must supply plant and equipment, or tools of trade, for the work needed to achieve the result or outcome; and
·	is, or would be, liable for the cost of rectifying any defect in the work done.
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see Legislation Act, s 126 and s 132).
	(2)	To remove any doubt, a work contract does not include a contract of employment.
9	Contract worker
A contract worker under a work contract is a person engaged to do work under the contract.
10	Principal
The principal under a work contract is a party to the contract other than a contract worker.

Part 3	Review of work contracts
11	Applications for review
	(1)	Application may be made to the consumer and trader tribunal for review of a work contract.
	(2)	An application may be made only—
	(a)	by an interested person; and
	(b)	on the ground that the work contract is unfair.
	(3)	For this part, each of the following is an interested person:
	(a)	a party to the work contract;
	(b)	an industrial organisation whose rules entitle it to represent the industrial interests of a contract worker under the work contract, if the organisation acts with the written consent of the worker;
	(c)	an industrial organisation whose rules entitle it to represent the industrial interests of a principal under the work contract, if the organisation acts with the written consent of the principal.
Note 1	If a form is approved under s 27 for this provision, the form must be used.
Note 2	A fee may be determined under s 28 for this provision.
12	Remuneration cap—individual contract workers
	(1)	The tribunal may review a work contract under which the contract worker is an individual only if the total value of the remuneration for the worker under the contract is, during the relevant period, less than the remuneration cap.
	(2)	In this section:
relevant period means—
	(a)	the 12-month period before the day the application to review the contract is made to the tribunal; or
	(b)	if the contract has been terminated in the 12-month period mentioned in paragraph (a)—the 12-month period before the day the contract is terminated.
remuneration cap means $200 000, WCI indexed.
13	Revenue cap—corporate contract workers
	(1)	The tribunal may review a work contract under which the contract worker is a corporation only if satisfied the gross revenue of the corporation from all sources is, during the relevant period, less than the revenue cap.
	(2)	In this section:
relevant period means—
	(a)	the 12-month period before the day the application to review the contract is made to the tribunal; or
	(b)	if the contract has been terminated in the 12-month period mentioned in paragraph (a)—the 12-month period before the day the contract is terminated.
revenue cap means $200 000, WCI indexed.
14	Time limit for applications—terminated contracts
The tribunal may review a work contract that has been terminated only if the application for review is made no later than 12 months after the day the contract is terminated.
15	Representative parties
	(1)	This section applies if 2 or more people have the same or a similar work contract, whether or not it is with the same principal.
	(2)	An application may be made to the tribunal under this part in relation to the contract by any of those people on behalf of some or all of them.
	(3)	Unless the tribunal orders otherwise, a proceeding under this part may also be continued against any of those people on behalf of some or all of them.
	(4)	At any stage of a proceeding to which this section applies, the tribunal may appoint a party to the proceeding, or someone else, to represent some or all of the people having the same or a similar work contract.
	(5)	If the tribunal appoints someone under subsection (4) who is not already a party to the proceeding, the tribunal must join the person as a party to the proceeding.
Note	The Consumer and Trader Tribunal Act 2003, s 28 (2) provides for the tribunal to join a person as party to a proceeding.
	(6)	An order made in a proceeding to which this section applies binds everyone represented by a person appointed under subsection (4) but must not be enforced against anyone not a party to the proceeding without the tribunal’s leave.
	(7)	An application for leave under subsection (6) must be made in writing.
Note 1	If a form is approved under s 27 for this provision, the form must be used.
Note 2	A fee may be determined under s 28 for this provision.
	(8)	The applicant must give a copy of the application to each person against whom the order is sought to be enforced.
	(9)	The tribunal may, by written order, exempt a represented person from an order mentioned in subsection (6) if satisfied that facts or matters peculiar to the person would make it unfair for the person to be bound by the order.
	(10)	The tribunal may also act under subsection (9) on its own initiative.
16	Review of work contract 
	(1)	The tribunal must, on application under section 11, review a work contract and decide whether it is unfair.
	(2)	In reviewing the work contract, the tribunal must consider the following:
	(a)	the relative strength of the bargaining positions of the parties to the contract and, if applicable, anyone acting for a party;
	(b)	whether any undue influence or pressure was exerted on, or any unfair tactics were used against, a party to the contract;
	(c)	whether the contract provides for any payment by the contract worker and the provisions about the payment if the contract is terminated;
Example of payment by contract worker
payment for goodwill, plant or equipment
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see Legislation Act, s 126 and s 132).
	(d)	any action taken by a party to mitigate any claimed unfairness under the contract.
	(3)	The tribunal may also consider anything else the tribunal considers relevant.
17	Unfairness under work contracts
	(1)	This section does not limit the cases in which the tribunal may find that a work contract is unfair.
	(2)	However, the tribunal may decide that a work contract is unfair if satisfied about any of the following:
	(a)	the contract provides for remuneration at a rate that is, or is likely to be, less than the rate of remuneration for an employee doing similar work;
	(b)	the contract avoids, or is designed to avoid, the provisions of an industrial award or agreement;
	(c)	the contract, if terminated, does not result in the contract worker being treated fairly in relation to any amount paid by the worker under the contract;
	(d)	the contract is, or appears to be, against the public interest.
Example for par (c)
the contract does not provide for repayment of the amount paid or compensation for the contract worker
Example for par (d)
the effect of the contract, or a series of similar contracts, would adversely affect the safety of workers or a section of the public
Note	An example is part of the Act, is not exhaustive and may extend, but does not limit, the meaning of the provision in which it appears (see Legislation Act, s 126 and s 132).
	(3)	Also, the tribunal may decide that a work contract is unfair—
	(a)	as originally made; or
	(b)	as subsequently amended; or
	(c)	because of the conduct of a party.
18	Orders to amend or set aside unfair work contract
	(1)	This section applies if the tribunal decides that a work contract is unfair.
	(2)	The tribunal may, by written order—
	(a)	amend the contract; or
	(b)	set aside all or any part of the contract; or
	(c)	if the contract has been terminated—reinstate the contract with any amendment the tribunal considers fair and reasonable.
	(3)	The amendment of a work contract, including a reinstated work contract, may include—
	(a)	the omission of any provision of the contract; and
	(b)	the insertion of new and substituted provisions into the contract.
	(4)	An order under this section may only be made for the purpose of putting the parties to the work contract as nearly as practicable on a footing that avoids the contract being unfair.
	(5)	An order under subsection (3) may be expressed to commence on—
	(a)	the day the order is made; or
	(b)	if a later date of commencement is stated in the order—that later date.
19	Orders for compensation
	(1)	This section applies if the tribunal is satisfied that an order under section 18 would be inadequate for putting the parties to the work contract as nearly as practicable on a footing that avoids the contract being unfair.
	(2)	The tribunal may, in writing, order a party to the work contract to pay a stated amount of compensation to another party to the contract.
	(3)	An order for compensation may be made instead of, or in addition to, an order under section 18.
20	Orders prohibiting further unfair work contracts
	(1)	This section applies if the tribunal is satisfied that—
	(a)	a principal under a work contract found to be unfair is likely to enter into another unfair work contract as principal; or
	(b)	if the principal mentioned in paragraph (a) is a corporation—an executive officer of the corporation is likely to—
	(i)	enter into an unfair work contract as principal; or
	(ii)	be an executive officer of a corporation likely to enter into an unfair work contract.
	(2)	The tribunal may, in writing, order the person not to enter into a work contract of a stated kind.
	(3)	In this section:
executive officer, of a corporation, means a person, by whatever name called and whether or not the person is a director of the corporation, who is concerned with, or takes part in, the corporation’s management.

Part 4	Tribunal proceedings
21	Additional powers
The powers of the tribunal under this Act are additional to those under the Consumer and Trader Tribunal Act 2003.
22	Costs
	(1)	The tribunal may require a party to a proceeding arising from an application under this Act to pay all or any part of the costs of another party reasonably incurred in relation to the proceeding if satisfied about any of the following:
	(a)	an application by the party is frivolous or vexatious;
	(b)	the party acted unreasonably in pursuing, or failing to settle, a matter before the tribunal;
	(c)	the party contravenes a tribunal direction.
	(2)	However, the tribunal may award costs under subsection (1) only if satisfied that it is in the interests of justice to do so.
	(3)	In deciding whether it is in the interests of justice to award costs, the tribunal must consider the following:
	(a)	whether the party’s actions were deliberate or could easily have been avoided;
	(b)	whether (and if so, the extent to which) the party’s actions affected the tribunal’s ability to conduct the proceeding in accordance with the Consumer and Trader Tribunal Act 2003, section 21 (Principles about tribunal procedures);
	(c)	the importance to the community of people being able to afford to bring applications to the tribunal under this Act;
	(d)	the relative financial capacities of the parties to meet the costs of the proceeding.
	(4)	The tribunal may also consider anything else the tribunal considers relevant.
	(5)	Costs under this section are payable at 2/3 of the scale of costs prescribed by the rules applying to a civil proceeding in the Supreme Court.

Part 5	Enforcing tribunal orders
23	Court may enforce order filed in court
	(1)	This section applies if a party to a proceeding under part 3 (Review of work contracts)—
	(a)	applies to a court of competent jurisdiction to enforce a tribunal order made in the proceeding; and
	(b)	files a copy of the order, certified in writing by the tribunal registrar, in the court.
	(2)	If the court is satisfied that a person (the respondent) against whom the order is made has contravened, is contravening or is likely to contravene the order, it may—
	(a)	make an order restraining the respondent from contravening the tribunal order (including an order requiring the respondent to do something); or
	(b)	make any other order the court considers appropriate to enforce the tribunal order; or 
	(c)	enforce the tribunal order as if it were a final judgment of the court.
24	Enforcement in Magistrates Court
	(1)	To remove any doubt, the Magistrates Court has jurisdiction to act under this part to enforce a tribunal order.
	(2)	However, this section does not affect any limit on the Magistrates Court’s jurisdiction under the Magistrates Court Act 1930, part 4.2 (Civil jurisdiction).
25	Contravention of court enforcement order
A person must not contravene an order of a court under section 23.
Maximum penalty:  50 penalty units.

Part 6	Miscellaneous
26	No contracting out
A provision of a contract or agreement is void if it limits or modifies, or purports to limit or modify, the operation of this Act (including this section), or an order under this Act, in relation to a work contract.
27	Approved forms
	(1)	The Minister may, in writing, approve forms for this Act.
	(2)	If the Minister approves a form for a particular purpose, the approved form must be used for that purpose.
Note	For other provisions about forms, see the Legislation Act, s 255.
	(3)	An approved form is a notifiable instrument.
Note	A notifiable instrument must be notified under the Legislation Act.
28	Determination of fees
	(1)	The Minister may, in writing, determine fees for this Act.
Note	The Legislation Act contains provisions about the making of determinations and regulations relating to fees (see pt 6.3).
	(2)	A determination is a disallowable instrument.
Note	A disallowable instrument must be notified, and presented to the Legislative Assembly, under the Legislation Act.
29	Regulation-making power
	(1)	The Executive may make regulations for this Act.
Note	A regulation must be notified, and presented to the Legislative Assembly, under the Legislation Act.
	(2)	A regulation may make provision in relation to the making, keeping or transfer of records relating to work contracts.
	(3)	A regulation may create offences and prescribe maximum penalties of not more than 10 penalty units for the offences.

Part 7	Transitional and consequential provisions
30	Application to work contracts
	(1)	This Act applies in relation to conditions under a work contract only if the contract was made on or after the commencement of this Act.
	(2)	This section expires on 1 July 2008.
31	Legislation amended—sch 1
This Act amends the Consumer and Trader Tribunal Act 2003 in schedule 1.

Schedule 1	Consumer and Trader Tribunal Act 2003—consequential amendments
    
(see s 31)
[1.1]	New section 6 (a) (iii)
insert
	(iii)	exercise other functions given to the tribunal under other Acts; and
[1.2]	Section 7 (2)
substitute
	(2)	The tribunal has—
	(a)	a general division; and
	(b)	a fair work contracts division.
[1.3]	New section 10A
insert
10A	Deputy president—fair work contracts division
A person may be appointed under section 10 as the deputy president for the fair work contracts division only if—
	(a)	the person—
	(i)	is a lawyer, and has been a lawyer for not less than 5 years; or
	(ii)	has had experience at a high level in industry, commerce, government or industrial relations; or
	(iii)	has, at least 5 years previously, obtained qualifications from a university or other tertiary educational institution in the field of law, economics, industrial relations or some other field of study considered by the Executive to be substantially relevant to the functions of the deputy president; and
	(b)	the Executive is satisfied the person is suitable for appointment because of the person’s expertise and experience in the field of industrial relations.
[1.4]	Section 15 (b) and note
substitute
	(b)	for disciplinary action to be taken against a person under the Act; or
	(c)	for the exercise of a function given to the tribunal under another Act.
Note	The following Acts provide for applications to be made to the tribunal:
·	Agents Act 2003
·	Security Industry Act 2003
·	Fair Work Contracts Act 2004.
[1.5]	New section 25A
in division 4.2, insert
25A	Conduct of proceedings—tribunal divisions
	(1)	A proceeding arising under the Fair Work Contracts Act 2004 must be conducted in the fair work contracts division of the tribunal.
	(2)	Any other proceeding must be conducted in—
	(a)	the general division of the tribunal; or 
	(b)	if directed by the president, a division created by regulation under section 7 (Establishment of tribunal).
[1.6]	Section 28 (1) (b)
substitute
	(b)	for an application in relation to a disciplinary action—the commissioner and the person to whom the application relates; or
	(c)	for a proceeding arising from an application to review a work contract under the Fair Work Contracts Act 2004–—each party to the contract.
[1.7]	Section 29
substitute
29	Representation
	(1)	A person may be represented in a proceeding by a lawyer or someone else.
	(2)	However, in a proceeding before the tribunal arising under the Fair Work Contracts Act 2004, an interested person may be represented by a lawyer only with leave of the tribunal.
	(3)	In this section:
interested person—see the Fair Work Contracts Act 2004, section 11 (3).
[1.8]	Section 44 (2)
substitute
	(2)	The tribunal may take any other action it considers appropriate that is consistent with this Act and the Act under which the application to which the proceeding before the tribunal applies was made.
Note	A reference to an Act includes a reference to the statutory instruments made or in force under the Act, including any regulation (see Legislation Act, s 104).

Dictionary
(see s 5)
Note 1	The Legislation Act contains definitions and other provisions relevant to this Act.
Note 2	For example, the Legislation Act, dict, pt 1, defines the following terms:
·	chief executive (see s 163)
·	consumer and trader tribunal
·	contravene
·	lawyer.
contract worker—see section 9. 
industrial organisation means an organisation registered under the Workplace Relations Act 1996 (Cwlth), schedule 1B (Registration and Accountability of Organisations).
industry includes— 
	(a)	any profession, trade, manufacture, business, project or occupation in which people work; and
	(b)	a part of an industry or of a number of industries.
interested person, for part 3 (Review of work contracts)—see section 11 (3).
order  means an order by the tribunal under this Act.
principal—see section 10.
remuneration includes non-financial remuneration. 
termination, of a work contract, means the termination or other ending of the contract.
tribunal means the consumer and trader tribunal.
unfair includes harsh and unconscionable.
WCI means the Wage Cost Index (Canberra) issued by the Australian Statistician.
Note	In June 2004, this was series 6345.0.
WCI indexed, for an amount, means the amount as adjusted in line with any adjustment in the WCI since the commencement of the provision in which the amount appears.
work contract—see section 8.

Endnotes
1	Presentation speech
	Presentation speech made in the Legislative Assembly on	2004.
2	Notification
	Notified under the Legislation Act on	2004.
3	Republications of amended laws
	For the latest republication of amended laws, see www.legislation.act.gov.au.

© Australian Capital Territory 2004